Epigenetics, Microbiome and Personalized Medicine: Focus on Kidney Disease DOI Open Access

Giuseppe Gigliotti,

Rashmi Joshi,

Anam Khalid

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 8592 - 8592

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Personalized medicine, which involves modifying treatment strategies/drug dosages based on massive laboratory/imaging data, faces large statistical and study design problems. The authors believe that the use of continuous multidimensional such as those regarding gut microbiota, or binary systems properly transformed into a variable, epigenetic clock, offer an advantageous scenario for trials personalized medicine. We will discuss examples focusing kidney diseases, specifically IgA nephropathy. While dysbiosis can provide strategy to restore standard microbiota using probiotics, transforming omics data clocks offers promising tool acute chronic disease care. Epigenetic involve complex transformation DNA methylome estimated biological age. These identify people at high risk developing problems even before symptoms appear. Some effects both clock diseases seem be mediated by endothelial dysfunction. “big data” (epigenetic microbiota) help tailor plans pinpointing patients likely experience rapid declines who might not need overly aggressive therapies.

Language: Английский

Microbiome Dynamics: A Paradigm Shift in Combatting Infectious Diseases DOI Open Access
Mohamed Kamel,

Sami Aleya,

Majed Alsubih

et al.

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 217 - 217

Published: Feb. 18, 2024

Infectious diseases have long posed a significant threat to global health and require constant innovation in treatment approaches. However, recent groundbreaking research has shed light on previously overlooked player the pathogenesis of disease-the human microbiome. This review article addresses intricate relationship between microbiome infectious unravels its role as crucial mediator host-pathogen interactions. We explore remarkable potential harnessing this dynamic ecosystem develop innovative strategies that could revolutionize management diseases. By exploring latest advances emerging trends, aims provide new perspective combating by targeting

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Novel clinical trial designs emerging from the molecular reclassification of cancer DOI Open Access
Mina Nikanjam, Shumei Kato,

Teresa Allen

et al.

CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Abstract Next‐generation sequencing has revealed the disruptive reality that advanced/metastatic cancers have complex and individually distinct genomic landscapes, necessitating a rethinking of treatment strategies clinical trial designs. Indeed, molecular reclassification cancer suggests it is underpinnings disease, rather than tissue origin, mostly drives outcomes. Consequently, oncology trials evolved from standard phase 1, 2, 3 tissue‐specific studies; to tissue‐specific, biomarker‐driven trials; tissue‐agnostic untethered histology (all drug‐centered designs ); and, ultimately, patient‐centered , N‐of‐1 precision medicine studies in which each patient receives personalized, biomarker‐matched therapy/combination drugs. Innovative technologies beyond genomics, including those address transcriptomics, immunomics, proteomics, functional impact, epigenetic changes, metabolomics, are enabling further refinement customization therapy. Decentralized potential improve access approaches for underserved minorities. Evaluation real‐world data, assessment patient‐reported outcomes, use registry protocols, interrogation exceptional responders, exploitation synthetic arms all contributed personalized therapeutic approaches. With greater 1 × 10 12 patterns alterations 4.5 million possible three‐drug combinations, deployment artificial intelligence/machine learning may be necessary optimization individual therapy near future, also permit discovery new treatments real time.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Bacteroides uniformis degrades β-glucan to promote Lactobacillus johnsonii improving indole-3-lactic acid levels in alleviating colitis DOI Creative Commons

Shanshan Zhang,

Qixing Nie,

Yonggan Sun

et al.

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Microbiome and pancreatic cancer: time to think about chemotherapy DOI Creative Commons
Juliana de Castilhos,

Katharina Tillmanns,

J. A. BLESSING

et al.

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: July 18, 2024

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer characterized by late diagnosis, rapid progression, and high mortality rate. Its complex biology, dense, stromal tumor environment with an immunosuppressive milieu, contributes to resistance against standard treatments like chemotherapy radiation. This comprehensive review explores the dynamic role of microbiome in modulating efficacy outcomes PDAC. It delves into microbiome's impact on drug metabolism resistance, interaction between microbial elements, drugs, human biology. We also highlight significance specific bacterial species enzymes influencing action immune response microenvironment. Cutting-edge methodologies, including artificial intelligence, low-biomass analysis patient-derived organoid models, are discussed, offering insights nuanced interactions microbes cells. The potential microbiome-based interventions as adjuncts conventional PDAC paving way for personalized therapy approaches. synthesizes recent research provide in-depth understanding how affects efficacy. focuses elucidating key mechanisms identifying existing knowledge gaps. Addressing these gaps crucial enhancing medicine refining treatment strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Fecal microbial load is a major determinant of gut microbiome variation and a confounder for disease associations DOI Creative Commons
Suguru Nishijima, Evelina Stankevič, Oliver Aasmets

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

The microbiota in individual habitats differ both relative composition and absolute abundance. While sequencing approaches determine the abundances of taxa genes, they do not provide information on their abundances. Here, we developed a machine-learning approach to predict fecal microbial loads (microbial cells per gram) solely from abundance data. Applying our prediction model large-scale metagenomic dataset (n = 34,539), demonstrated that load is major determinant gut microbiome variation associated with numerous host factors, including age, diet, medication. We further found for several diseases, changes load, rather than disease condition itself, more strongly explained alterations patients' microbiome. Adjusting this effect substantially reduced statistical significance majority disease-associated species. Our analysis reveals confounder studies, highlighting its importance understanding health disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Harnessing gut microbial communities to unravel microbiome functions DOI Creative Commons

Samir Giri,

Handuo Shi, Athanasios Typas

et al.

Current Opinion in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 102578 - 102578

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Targeting the Hallmarks of Aging with Vitamin D: Starting to Decode the Myth DOI Open Access
Carmelinda Ruggiero, Laura Tafaro,

Luisella Cianferotti

et al.

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Aging is the results of several complex and multifactorial processes, where agents contribute to increase intrinsic vulnerability susceptibility age-related diseases. The hallmarks aging are a set biological mechanisms, finely regulated strictly interconnected, initiating or contributing changes anticipating network cellular intercellular connections between might represent possible target for research with pleiotropic affects. Vitamin D (VitD) known have positive impact not only on muscle bone health, but also extra-skeletal districts, due widespread presence VDRs (VDR). VitD VDR could be molecules potentially targeting hallmark network. To date, evidence about potential effect scarce in humans mainly based preclinical models. Although underpowered heterogeneous, in-human studies seems confirm modulatory some However, more investigations needed clarify effects its aging, hopefully highlighting courses translational applications clinical conclusions.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Integrating research on bacterial pathogens and commensals to fight infections—an ecological perspective DOI Creative Commons
Lisa Maier, Christoph K. Stein‐Thoeringer, Ruth E. Ley

et al.

The Lancet Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(8), P. 100843 - 100843

Published: April 9, 2024

The incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections is increasing, and development new antibiotics has been deprioritised by the pharmaceutical industry. Interdisciplinary research approaches, based on ecological principles fitness, competition, transmission, could open avenues to combat infections. Many facultative pathogens use human mucosal surfaces as their major reservoirs induce infectious diseases aid lateral transmission host organisms under some pathological states microbiome host. Beneficial commensals can outcompete specific pathogens, thereby lowering capacity spread cause serious Despite clinical relevance, however, understanding commensal–pathogen interactions in natural habitats remains poor. In this Personal View, we highlight directions intensify between context microbiomes biology that lead innovative sustainable ways preventing treating diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
A comparison between full-length 16S rRNA Oxford nanopore sequencing and Illumina V3-V4 16S rRNA sequencing in head and neck cancer tissues DOI Creative Commons
Kenny Yeo, James Connell, George Bouras

et al.

Archives of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 206(6)

Published: May 7, 2024

Describing the microbial community within tumour has been a key aspect in understanding pathophysiology of microenvironment. In head and neck cancer (HNC), most studies on tissue samples have only performed 16S rRNA short-read sequencing (SRS) V3-V5 region. SRS is mostly limited to genus level identification. this study, we compared full-length long-read (FL-ONT) from Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) V3-V4 Illumina (V3V4-Illumina) 26 HNC tissues. Further validation was also using culture-based methods 16 bacterial isolates obtained 4 patients MALDI-TOF MS. We observed similar alpha diversity indexes between FL-ONT V3V4-Illumina. However, beta-diversity significantly different techniques (PERMANOVA - R

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Revolutionizing Gastrointestinal Disorder Management: Cutting-Edge Advances and Future Prospects DOI Open Access

C. Raman Suri,

Babita Pande, Tarun Sahu

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(13), P. 3977 - 3977

Published: July 8, 2024

In recent years, remarkable strides have been made in the management of gastrointestinal disorders, transforming landscape patient care and outcomes. This article explores latest breakthroughs field, encompassing innovative diagnostic techniques, personalized treatment approaches, novel therapeutic interventions. Additionally, this emphasizes use precision medicine tailored to individual genetic microbiome profiles, application artificial intelligence disease prediction monitoring. review highlights dynamic progress managing conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, gastroesophageal reflux irritable syndrome, cancers. By delving into these advancements, we offer a glimpse promising future gastroenterology, where multidisciplinary collaborations cutting-edge technologies converge provide more effective, patient-centric solutions for individuals grappling with disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

6