Autoimmunity and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. 605 - 614

Published: May 4, 2020

Language: Английский

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An Overview of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Pathogenesis, Classification, and Management

Cureus, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 15, 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with multisystem involvement. It multifactorial and involves epigenetic, genetic, ecological, environmental factors. Primarily it leads to activation of both innate adaptive immunity, which consequently autoreactive B cell by T cells immune complexes deposition in tissues leading an cascade that may be limited the single organ or can cause widespread systemic SLE heterogeneous presentation, broad spectrum clinical manifestations ranging from clinically mild self-resolving symptoms severe life-threatening Clinical serological heterogeneity are critical features SLE, posing significant challenge its diagnosis. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) telltale marker more than 95% patients. The improved set European Alliance Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) classification enabled accurate diagnosis SLE. treatment focuses on remission, preventing damage, improving overall quality life.

Language: Английский

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Abnormalities of T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus: new insights in pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies

Journal of Autoimmunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 102870 - 102870

Published: July 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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Neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: A review

Autoimmunity Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 102780 - 102780

Published: Feb. 21, 2021

Language: Английский

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The immunology of systemic lupus erythematosus

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 1332 - 1343

Published: July 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Molecules Involved in Its Imunopathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Treatment

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 747 - 747

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an idiopathic chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any organ in the body, including neurological system. Multiple factors, such as environmental (infections), genetic (many HLA alleles DR2 and DR3, genes C4), immunological influences on self-antigens, nuclear antigens, lead to formation of multiple autoantibodies cause deleterious damage bodily tissues organs. The production autoantibodies, anti-dsDNA, anti-SS(A), anti-SS(B), anti-Smith, anti-neuronal DNA are characteristic features this disease. This results from a failure mechanisms responsible for maintaining self-tolerance T cells, B or both. Immune complexes, circulating antibodies, cytokines, autoreactive lymphocytes tissue injury diagnosis SLE rheumatological challenge despite availability clinical criteria. NPSLE was previously referred cerebritis sclerosis. However, these terms no longer recommended because there definitive pathological neuropsychiatric manifestations SLE. Currently, treatment options primarily based symptomatic presentations. These include use antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytic medications psychiatric mood disorders. Antiepileptic drugs treat seizures, immunosuppressants (e.g., corticosteroids, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil), directed against inflammatory responses along with non-pharmacological interventions.

Language: Английский

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The microglial component of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Brain, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 143(12), P. 3526 - 3539

Published: Aug. 26, 2020

Microglia are the primary immune cells of CNS, carrying out key homeostatic roles and undergoing context-dependent temporally regulated changes in response to injury neurodegenerative diseases. have been implicated playing a role amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), disease characterized by extensive motor neuron loss leading paralysis premature death. However, as pathomechansims ALS increasingly recognized involve multitude different cell types, it has difficult delineate specific contribution microglia disease. Here, we review literature microglial involvement discuss evidence for neurotoxic neuroprotective pathways that attributed this We also accumulating spatiotemporal regulation activation context. A deeper understanding 'cellular phase' is crucial development mechanistically rationalized therapies.

Language: Английский

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Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A 2021 Update on Diagnosis, Management, and Current Challenges

Cureus, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 14, 2021

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience neuropsychiatric symptoms. The term SLE (NPSLE) is a generic that refers to series of neurological and psychiatric symptoms directly related SLE. In approximately 30% patients symptoms, the primary cause (NPSLE), manifest more frequently around onset. Neurovascular psychotic conditions can also lead NPSLE. Pathogenesis NPSLE implicated in both neuroinflammatory ischemic mechanisms, it associated high morbidity mortality. After diagnosing assigning causality, treatment individualized according type manifestations, predominant pathway, activity SLE, severity clinical manifestations. There are many problems be addressed regards diagnosis management Controlled trials provide limited guidance for management, observational cohort studies support symptomatic, antithrombotic, immunosuppressive agents. purpose this review was detailed critical literature on pathophysiology, diagnosis, This study aimed identify shortcoming diagnostic biomarkers, novel therapies against NPSLE, additional research needs.

Language: Английский

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The management of neuropsychiatric lupus in the 21st century: still so many unmet needs?

Lara D. Veeken, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 59(Supplement_5), P. v52 - v62

Published: July 3, 2020

Neuropsychiatric (NP) events occur in the majority of patients with SLE and predominantly affect CNS addition to peripheral autonomic systems. Approximately 30% all NP are attributable (NPSLE) present most frequently around time onset. NPSLE is associated increased morbidity mortality proposed pathogenesis includes both ischaemic neuroinflammatory mechanisms. Following diagnosis causal attribution, treatment tailored type event, predominant putative pathogenic pathway activity severity clinical event. There a dearth controlled trials guide management, but therapeutic options include symptomatic, antithrombotic immunosuppressive agents that supported by observational cohort studies. Our objective was review what currently known about identify deficiencies diagnostic biomarkers, novel therapies for this manifestation SLE.

Language: Английский

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Central Nervous System Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Pathophysiologic, Clinical, and Imaging Features

Radiographics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 212 - 232

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by multiple immunologic abnormalities and has the potential to involve central nervous system (CNS). The prevalence of SLE seems be growing, possibly because earlier diagnosis improved survival; however, associated mortality still high. with disease-related risk factors such as activity, young age, organ damage or antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Neuropsychiatric (NPSLE), which caused SLE-related CNS involvement, comprises broad range neurologic psychiatric manifestations varying severity, can make this indistinguishable from other conditions that are unrelated SLE. No unifying pathophysiology been found in etiology NPSLE, suggesting condition contributors various immune effectors brain-intrinsic neuroimmune interfaces breached effectors. postulated include blood-brain barrier, blood-cerebrospinal fluid meningeal glymphatic system. On basis immunologic, pathologic, imaging features underlying classified vasculitis vasculopathy, APS, demyelinating syndrome, antibody-mediated encephalitis. Each different characteristics, although pathophysiologic may overlap. Moreover, there complications due immunocompromised status per se treatment. Radiologists clinicians should become familiar mechanisms, radiologic findings, information aid treatment NPSLE. Online supplemental material available for article.©RSNA, 2022.

Language: Английский

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