Broadly neutralizing antibodies overcome SARS-CoV-2 Omicron antigenic shift

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 602(7898), P. 664 - 670

Published: Dec. 23, 2021

Language: Английский

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Diagnostics for COVID-19: moving from pandemic response to control

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 399(10326), P. 757 - 768

Published: Dec. 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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Human genetic and immunological determinants of critical COVID-19 pneumonia

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 603(7902), P. 587 - 598

Published: Jan. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Evidence for a mouse origin of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 48(12), P. 1111 - 1121

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

The rapid accumulation of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant that enabled its outbreak raises questions as to whether proximal origin occurred humans or another mammalian host. Here, we identified 45 point acquired since divergence from B.1.1 lineage. We found spike protein sequence was subjected stronger positive selection than any reported variants known evolve persistently human hosts, suggesting a possibility host-jumping. molecular spectrum (i.e., relative frequency 12 types base substitutions) by progenitor significantly different for viruses evolved patients but resembled spectra associated with virus evolution mouse cellular environment. Furthermore, overlapped promote adaptation particularly through enhanced binding affinity cell entry receptor. Collectively, our results suggest jumped mice, rapidly accumulated conducive infecting host, then back into humans, indicating an inter-species evolutionary trajectory outbreak.

Language: Английский

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Multiple spillovers from humans and onward transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(6)

Published: Jan. 25, 2022

Significance The results provide strong evidence of extensive SARS-CoV-2 infection white-tailed deer, a free-living wild animal species with widespread distribution across North, Central, and South America. analysis shows deer resulted from multiple spillovers humans, followed by efficient deer-to-deer transmission. discovery indicates their establishment as potential reservoir hosts for SARS-CoV-2, finding important implications the ecology, long-term persistence, evolution virus, including spillback to humans.

Language: Английский

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Politicization and COVID-19 vaccine resistance in the U.S.

Progress in molecular biology and translational science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 81 - 100

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 611(7935), P. 332 - 345

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

Abstract Despite notable scientific and medical advances, broader political, socioeconomic behavioural factors continue to undercut the response COVID-19 pandemic 1,2 . Here we convened, as part of this Delphi study, a diverse, multidisciplinary panel 386 academic, health, non-governmental organization, government other experts in from 112 countries territories recommend specific actions end persistent global threat public health. The developed set 41 consensus statements 57 recommendations governments, health systems, industry key stakeholders across six domains: communication; systems; vaccination; prevention; treatment care; inequities. In wake nearly three years fragmented national responses, it is instructive note that highest-ranked call for adoption whole-of-society whole-of-government approaches 1 , while maintaining proven prevention measures using vaccines-plus approach 2 employs range financial support complement vaccination. Other with at least 99% combined agreement advise governments improve communication, rebuild trust engage communities 3 management responses. findings which have been further endorsed by 184 organizations globally, include points unanimous agreement, well >5% disagreement, provide social policy address inadequacies help bring an end.

Language: Английский

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The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(21)

Published: May 16, 2022

Significance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It important to estimate their quantitative impact on mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence these risk death increase with higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample 1,261 deceased patients 34,159 individuals from general population, we found against IFNs strongly increased infection fatality rate at all ages, men women. Autoantibodies common predictors COVID-19. Testing for should be considered population.

Language: Английский

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The Evolution and Biology of SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. a041390 - a041390

Published: April 20, 2022

Our understanding of the still unfolding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic would have been extremely limited without study genetics and evolution this new human coronavirus. Large-scale genome-sequencing efforts provided close to real-time tracking global spread diversification SARS-CoV-2 since its entry into population in late 2019. These data underpinned analysis origins, epidemiology, adaptations population: principally immune evasion increasing transmissibility. SARS-CoV-2, despite being a pathogen, was highly capable human-to-human transmission. During rapid humans, has evolved independent forms, so-called "variants concern," that are better optimized for The most important adaptation bat progenitor both SARS-CoV-1 infection (and other mammals) is use angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptor. Relaxed structural constraints provide plasticity SARS-related spike protein permitting it accommodate significant amino acid replacements antigenic consequence compromising ability bind ACE2. Although bulk research justifiably concentrated on viral as main determinant changes transmissibility, there accumulating evidence contribution regions proteome virus-host interaction. Whereas levels community transmission recombinants genetically distinct variants at present low, when divergent cocirculate, recombination between clades detected, risk viruses with properties emerge. Applying computational machine learning methods genome sequence sets generate experimentally verifiable predictions will serve an early warning system novel variant surveillance be future vaccine planning. Omicron, latest concern, focused attention step change events, "shift," opposed incremental "drift" antigenicity. Both increase transmissibility shift Omicron led readily causing infections fully vaccinated and/or previously infected. Omicron's virulence, while reduced relative concern replaced, Delta, very much premised past exposure individuals clear signal boosted vaccination protects from disease. Currently, proven itself dangerous pathogen unpredictable evolutionary capacity, leading too great not ensure all world screened by sequencing, protected through available affordable vaccines, non-punitive strategies place detecting responding concern.

Language: Английский

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Molecular characteristics, immune evasion, and impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: June 28, 2022

Abstract The persistent COVID-19 pandemic since 2020 has brought an enormous public health burden to the global society and is accompanied by various evolution of virus genome. consistently emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants harboring critical mutations impact molecular characteristics viral proteins display heterogeneous behaviors in immune evasion, transmissibility, clinical manifestation during infection, which differ each strain endow them with distinguished features populational spread. Several variants, identified as Variants Concern (VOC) World Health Organization, challenged efforts on control due rapid worldwide spread enhanced evasion from current antibodies vaccines. Moreover, recent Omicron variant even exacerbated anxiety continuous pandemic. Its significant medical treatment disease highlights necessity combinatory investigation mutational pattern influence dynamics against immunity, would greatly facilitate drug vaccine development benefit policymaking. Hence this review, we summarized characteristics, impacts focused parallel comparison different profile, transmissibility tropism alteration, effectiveness, manifestations, order provide a comprehensive landscape for research.

Language: Английский

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