Immunological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
322(1), P. 98 - 112
Published: Jan. 9, 2024
Summary
Human
autoantibodies
(auto‐Abs)
neutralizing
type
I
IFNs
were
first
discovered
in
a
woman
with
disseminated
shingles
and
described
by
Ion
Gresser
from
1981
to
1984.
They
have
since
been
found
patients
diverse
conditions
are
even
used
as
diagnostic
criterion
autoimmune
polyendocrinopathy
syndrome
1
(APS‐1).
However,
their
apparent
lack
of
association
viral
diseases,
including
shingles,
led
wide
acceptance
the
conclusion
that
they
had
no
pathological
consequences.
This
perception
began
change
2020,
when
underlie
about
15%
cases
critical
COVID‐19
pneumonia.
shown
other
severe
5%,
20%,
40%
influenza
pneumonia,
MERS
West
Nile
virus
encephalitis,
respectively.
also
seem
be
associated
various
settings.
These
auto‐Abs
present
all
age
groups
general
population,
but
frequency
increases
reach
at
least
5%
elderly.
We
estimate
100
million
people
worldwide
carry
IFNs.
Here,
we
briefly
review
history
study
these
auto‐Abs,
focusing
particularly
on
known
causes
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
119(21)
Published: May 16, 2022
Significance
There
is
growing
evidence
that
preexisting
autoantibodies
neutralizing
type
I
interferons
(IFNs)
are
strong
determinants
of
life-threatening
COVID-19
pneumonia.
It
important
to
estimate
their
quantitative
impact
on
mortality
upon
SARS-CoV-2
infection,
by
age
and
sex,
as
both
the
prevalence
these
risk
death
increase
with
higher
in
men.
Using
an
unvaccinated
sample
1,261
deceased
patients
34,159
individuals
from
general
population,
we
found
against
IFNs
strongly
increased
infection
fatality
rate
at
all
ages,
men
women.
Autoantibodies
common
predictors
COVID-19.
Testing
for
should
be
considered
population.
Viruses,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(5), P. 969 - 969
Published: May 5, 2022
Chikungunya
virus
(CHIKV)
is
a
mosquito-borne
alphavirus
that
recently
re-emerged
in
many
parts
of
the
world
causing
large-scale
outbreaks.
CHIKV
infection
presents
as
febrile
illness
known
chikungunya
fever
(CHIKF).
Infection
self-limited
and
characterized
mainly
by
severe
joint
pain
myalgia
can
last
for
weeks
or
months;
however,
disease
presentation
also
occur
minor
proportion
infections.
Among
atypical
manifestations
have
been
described,
arthralgia
neurological
complications,
such
encephalitis,
meningitis,
Guillain-Barré
Syndrome,
are
now
reported
Moreover,
death
cases
were
reported,
placing
relevant
public
health
disease.
Virus
evolution,
globalization,
climate
change
may
contributed
to
spread.
In
addition
this,
lack
preventive
vaccines
approved
antiviral
treatments
turning
into
major
global
threat.
this
review,
we
discuss
current
knowledge
about
pathogenesis,
with
focus
on
manifestations,
persistent
neurologic
presentation.
We
bring
an
up-to-date
review
vaccine
development.
Altogether,
these
topics
highlight
some
most
recent
advances
our
understanding
pathogenesis
provide
important
insights
development
clinical
trials
potential
candidates.
Annual Review of Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
41(1), P. 343 - 373
Published: Feb. 8, 2023
A
large
body
of
evidence
generated
in
the
last
two
and
a
half
years
addresses
roles
T
cells
SARS-CoV-2
infection
following
vaccination.
Infection
or
vaccination
induces
multi-epitope
CD4
CD8
cell
responses
with
polyfunctionality.
Early
have
been
associated
mild
COVID-19
outcomes.
In
concert
animal
model
data,
these
results
suggest
that
while
antibody
are
key
to
prevent
infection,
may
also
play
valuable
reducing
disease
severity
controlling
infection.
memory
after
is
sustained
for
at
least
six
months.
While
neutralizing
impacted
by
variants,
most
preserved.
This
review
highlights
extensive
progress
made,
data
knowledge
gaps
remain,
our
understanding
vaccines.
Human Genomics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: June 1, 2022
Abstract
COVID-19,
which
is
caused
by
the
SARS-CoV-2,
has
ravaged
world
for
past
2
years.
Here,
we
review
current
state
of
research
into
disease
with
focus
on
its
history,
human
genetics
and
genomics
transition
from
pandemic
to
endemic
phase.
We
are
particularly
concerned
lack
solid
information
initial
phases
that
highlighted
necessity
better
preparation
face
similar
future
threats.
On
other
hand,
gratified
progress
genetic
susceptibility
investigations
believe
now
time
explore
The
latter
will
require
worldwide
vigilance
cooperation,
especially
in
emerging
countries.
In
phase,
vaccination
rates
have
lagged
developed
countries
should
assist,
as
warranted,
bolstering
worldwide.
also
discuss
status
vaccines
outlook
COVID-19.
Cell,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
185(17), P. 3086 - 3103
Published: Aug. 1, 2022
The
immense
interindividual
clinical
variability
during
any
infection
is
a
long-standing
enigma.
Inborn
errors
of
IFN-γ
and
IFN-α/β
immunity
underlying
rare
infections
with
weakly
virulent
mycobacteria
seasonal
influenza
virus
have
inspired
studies
two
common
infections:
tuberculosis
COVID-19.
A
TYK2
genotype
impairing
production
accounts
for
about
1%
cases,
autoantibodies
neutralizing
account
15%
critical
COVID-19
cases.
discovery
inborn
mechanisms
drove
the
identification
monogenic
or
autoimmune
determinants
related
infections.
This
“rare-to-common”
genetic
mechanistic
approach
to
infectious
diseases
may
be
heuristic
value.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
219(4)
Published: March 23, 2022
The
vast
interindividual
clinical
variability
observed
in
any
microbial
infection—ranging
from
silent
infection
to
lethal
disease—is
increasingly
being
explained
by
human
genetic
and
immunological
determinants.
Autoantibodies
neutralizing
specific
cytokines
underlie
the
same
infectious
diseases
as
inborn
errors
of
corresponding
cytokine
or
response
pathway.
against
type
I
IFNs
COVID-19
pneumonia
adverse
reactions
live
attenuated
yellow
fever
virus
vaccine.
II
IFN
severe
disease
caused
environmental
tuberculous
mycobacteria,
other
intra-macrophagic
microbes.
IL-17A/F
IL-6
are
less
common
mucocutaneous
candidiasis
staphylococcal
diseases,
respectively.
Inborn
autoantibodies
GM-CSF
pulmonary
alveolar
proteinosis;
associated
infections
well
characterized.
In
individual
patients,
preexist
with
pathogen
concerned
disease.
Human
antibody-driven
autoimmunity
can
interfere
that
essential
for
protective
immunity
agents
but
otherwise
redundant,
thereby
underlying
diseases.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
219(8)
Published: June 16, 2022
Recessive
or
dominant
inborn
errors
of
type
I
interferon
(IFN)
immunity
can
underlie
critical
COVID-19
pneumonia
in
unvaccinated
adults.
The
risk
children,
which
is
much
lower
than
adults,
remains
unexplained.
In
an
international
cohort
112
children
(<16
yr
old)
hospitalized
for
pneumonia,
we
report
12
(10.7%)
aged
1.5–13
with
(7
children),
severe
(3),
and
moderate
(2)
4
the
15
known
clinically
recessive
biochemically
complete
IFN
immunity:
X-linked
TLR7
deficiency
children)
autosomal
IFNAR1
(1),
STAT2
TYK2
(3)
deficiencies.
Fibroblasts
deficient
IFNAR1,
STAT2,
are
highly
vulnerable
to
SARS-CoV-2.
These
deficiencies
were
not
found
1,224
adults
benign
SARS-CoV-2
infection
without
(P
=
1.2
×
10−11)
overlapping
age,
sex,
consanguinity,
ethnicity
characteristics.
may
∼10%
hospitalizations
children.