Neutralization, effector function and immune imprinting of Omicron variants DOI Creative Commons
Amin Addetia, Luca Piccoli, James Brett Case

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 621(7979), P. 592 - 601

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Abstract Currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants have acquired convergent mutations at hot spots in the receptor-binding domain 1 (RBD) of spike protein. The effects these on viral infection and transmission efficacy vaccines therapies remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that recently emerged BQ.1.1 XBB.1.5 bind host ACE2 with high affinity promote membrane fusion more efficiently than earlier Omicron variants. Structures BQ.1.1, XBB.1 BN.1 RBDs bound to fragment antigen-binding region S309 antibody (the parent for sotrovimab) human explain preservation binding through conformational selection, altered recognition immune evasion. We show sotrovimab binds avidly all variants, promotes Fc-dependent effector functions protects mice challenged hamsters XBB.1.5. Vaccine-elicited plasma antibodies cross-react trigger against current despite a reduced neutralizing activity, suggesting mechanism protection disease, exemplified by S309. Cross-reactive RBD-directed memory B cells remained dominant even after two exposures spikes, underscoring role persistent imprinting.

Language: Английский

mRNA vaccines induce durable immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern DOI Creative Commons
Rishi R. Goel, Mark M. Painter, Sokratis A. Apostolidis

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 374(6572)

Published: Oct. 15, 2021

Immune memory after vaccination Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has proven highly effective at preventing COVID-19. However, the evolution of viral variants, and waning antibody levels over time, raise questions regarding longevity vaccine-induced immune protection. Goel et al . examined B T lymphocyte responses in individuals who received SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccines. They performed a 6-month longitudinal study never had infection compared with people recovered from SARS-CoV-2. Humoral cellular was observed vaccinated individuals, as were functional Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Delta (B.1.617.2) variants. Analysis cell activity suggested that robust may prevent hospitalization by limiting development disease. —PNK

Language: Английский

Citations

807
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces immunological T cell memory able to cross-recognize variants from Alpha to Omicron DOI Creative Commons
Alison Tarke, Camila H. Coelho, Zeli Zhang

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185(5), P. 847 - 859.e11

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

781
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is an immune escape variant with an altered cell entry pathway DOI Creative Commons
Brian J. Willett, Joe Grove, Oscar A. MacLean

et al.

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 1161 - 1179

Published: July 7, 2022

Vaccines based on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are a cornerstone public health response to COVID-19. The emergence hypermutated, increasingly transmissible variants concern (VOCs) threaten this strategy. Omicron (B.1.1.529), fifth VOC be described, harbours multiple amino acid mutations in spike, half which lie within receptor-binding domain. Here we demonstrate substantial evasion neutralization by BA.1 and BA.2 vitro using sera from individuals vaccinated with ChAdOx1, BNT162b2 mRNA-1273. These data were mirrored reduction real-world vaccine effectiveness that was partially restored booster vaccination. did not induce cell syncytia favoured TMPRSS2-independent endosomal entry pathway, these phenotypes mapping distinct regions protein. Impaired fusion determined domain, while mapped S2 Such marked changes antigenicity replicative biology may underlie rapid global spread altered pathogenicity variant.

Language: Английский

Citations

552
Humoral and cellular immune memory to four COVID-19 vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Zeli Zhang, José Mateus, Camila H. Coelho

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185(14), P. 2434 - 2451.e17

Published: May 27, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

468
Germinal centre-driven maturation of B cell response to mRNA vaccination DOI Open Access
Wooseob Kim, Julian Q. Zhou, Stephen Horváth

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 604(7904), P. 141 - 145

Published: Feb. 15, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

288
Increased memory B cell potency and breadth after a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA boost DOI Creative Commons

Frauke Muecksch,

Zijun Wang, Alice Cho

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 607(7917), P. 128 - 134

Published: April 21, 2022

The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infected many vaccinated and convalescent individuals

Language: Английский

Citations

273
Correlates of protection against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 disease DOI
David Goldblatt, Galit Alter, Shane Crotty

et al.

Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 310(1), P. 6 - 26

Published: June 5, 2022

Antibodies against epitopes in S1 give the most accurate CoP infection by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Measurement of those antibodies neutralization or binding assays both have predictive value, with antibody titers giving highest statistical correlation. However, protective functions are multiple. multiple other than influence efficacy. The role cellular responses can be discerned respect to CD4

Language: Английский

Citations

243
High genetic barrier to SARS-CoV-2 polyclonal neutralizing antibody escape DOI Creative Commons
Fabian Schmidt, Yiska Weisblum, Magdalena Rutkowska

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 600(7889), P. 512 - 516

Published: Sept. 20, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

220
The germinal centre B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Brian J. Laidlaw, Ali H. Ellebedy

Nature reviews. Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 7 - 18

Published: Dec. 6, 2021

The germinal centre (GC) response is critical for the generation of affinity-matured plasma cells and memory B capable mediating long-term protective immunity. Understanding whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or vaccination elicits a GC has profound implications capacity responding to contribute protection against infection. However, direct assessment in humans remains major challenge. Here we summarize emerging evidence importance establishment durable broad immunity SARS-CoV-2 discuss new approaches modulate better protect newly variants. We also findings showing that cell persists draining lymph nodes at least 6 months some individuals following with mRNA-based vaccines. In this Review, Brian Laidlaw Ali Ellebedy outline our current understanding its establishing virus. They consider responses seen how may be modulated induce variants SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

Citations

220
Immunological memory to SARS‐CoV ‐2 infection and COVID ‐19 vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Alessandro Sette, Shane Crotty

Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 310(1), P. 27 - 46

Published: June 22, 2022

Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and previous infections. can develop from multiple branches adaptive immune system, including CD4 T cells, CD8 B long-lasting antibody responses. Extraordinary progress has been made in understanding to SARS-CoV-2 infection COVID-19 vaccines, addressing development; quantitative qualitative features different cellular anatomical compartments; durability each component antibodies. Given sophistication measurements; size human studies; use longitudinal samples cross-sectional head-to-head comparisons between or for 1 year already supersedes that any other acute infectious disease. This knowledge may help inform public policies regarding as well scientific development future against diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

217