Medial temporal lobe connectivity and its associations with cognition in early Alzheimer’s disease

Brain, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 143(4), P. 1233 - 1248

Published: Feb. 25, 2020

Abstract Human episodic memory critically depends on subregions of the medial temporal lobe, which are part functional brain systems such as anterior-temporal and posterior-medial system. Here we analysed how Alzheimer’s pathology affects connectivity within these systems. Data from 256 amyloid-β-negative cognitively unimpaired, 103 amyloid-β-positive 83 individuals with mild cognitive impairment were analysed. Amyloid-β tau measured using CSF amyloid-β42/40 ratio phosphorylated tau, respectively. We found that unimpaired mainly characterized by decreased between lobe regions in system, most prominently left perirhinal/entorhinal cortices prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, correlation analysis this group revealed decreasing bilateral cortices, anterior hippocampus increasing levels tau. The mostly exhibited reduced regions, predominantly posterior cingulate In addition, they showed hyperconnectivity its immediate proximity. Lower temporal-cortical networks resulting comparisons associated performance more rapid longitudinal decline shown linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Finally, mildly impaired was related to entorhinal thickness white matter integrity parahippocampal cingulum fornix. No relationships individuals. conclusion, our findings show earliest changes preclinical disease might involve early be impairment, but not structural changes. With progression increased pathology, seems increasingly impaired. is well emergence locally patterns. Thus, system could serve stage-specific markers disease.

Language: Английский

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Inferring Causality from Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Cognitive Neuroscience

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 33(2), P. 195 - 225

Published: June 12, 2020

Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic or direct and alternating current stimulation, are advocated measures to enable causal inference in cognitive neuroscience experiments. Transcending the limitations of purely correlative neuroimaging experimental sensory they allow experimentally manipulate activity study its consequences for perception, cognition, eventually, behavior. Although this is true principle, particular caution advised when interpreting experiments a manner. Research hypotheses often oversimplified, disregarding underlying (implicitly assumed) complex chain causation, namely, that technique has generate an electric field tissue, which then evokes modulates neuronal both locally target region connected remote sites network, consequence affects function interest eventually results change behavioral measure. Importantly, every link effects can be confounded by several factors have eliminated controlled attribute observed their assumed cause. This complicated fact many mediating confounding variables not directly observable dose-response relationships nonlinear. We will walk reader through causation generic NIBS study, discuss possible confounds, advise appropriate control conditions. If crucial assumptions explicitly tested (where possible) confounds well controlled, indeed reveal cause-effect studies.

Language: Английский

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Behavior needs neural variability

Neuron, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(5), P. 751 - 766

Published: Feb. 17, 2021

Language: Английский

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Causal Evidence for a Role of Theta and Alpha Oscillations in the Control of Working Memory

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(9), P. 1748 - 1754.e4

Published: April 9, 2020

Language: Английский

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Gamma Entrainment: Impact on Neurocircuits, Glia, and Therapeutic Opportunities

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 24 - 41

Published: Dec. 10, 2019

Language: Английский

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State-dependent effects of neural stimulation on brain function and cognition

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(8), P. 459 - 475

Published: May 16, 2022

Language: Английский

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Long-lasting, dissociable improvements in working memory and long-term memory in older adults with repetitive neuromodulation

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 1237 - 1246

Published: Aug. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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Higher-order interactions shape collective dynamics differently in hypergraphs and simplicial complexes

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 23, 2023

Abstract Higher-order networks have emerged as a powerful framework to model complex systems and their collective behavior. Going beyond pairwise interactions, they encode structured relations among arbitrary numbers of units through representations such simplicial complexes hypergraphs. So far, the choice between hypergraphs has often been motivated by technical convenience. Here, using synchronization an example, we demonstrate that effects higher-order interactions are highly representation-dependent. In particular, typically enhance in but opposite effect complexes. We provide theoretical insight linking synchronizability different hypergraph structures (generalized) degree heterogeneity cross-order correlation, which turn influence wide range dynamical processes from contagion diffusion. Our findings reveal hidden impact on dynamics, highlighting importance choosing appropriate when studying with nonpairwise interactions.

Language: Английский

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Neurocognitive, physiological, and biophysical effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 189 - 205

Published: Dec. 19, 2022

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can modulate human neural activity and behavior. Accordingly, tACS has vast potential for cognitive research brain disorder therapies. The generates oscillating electric fields in the that bias spike timing, causing changes local oscillatory power cross-frequency cross-area coherence. affects performance by modulating underlying single or nested rhythms, distal synchronization, metabolic activity. Clinically, tailored to abnormal oscillations shows promising results alleviating psychiatric neurological symptoms. We summarize findings of mechanisms, its use applications, novel developments personalized stimulation.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1709 - 1709

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

Neurological disorders are the leading cause of physical and cognitive disability across globe, currently affecting approximately 15% worldwide population [...].

Language: Английский

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