The neurotransmitters of sleep and arousal DOI Creative Commons

Chengdong Fan

Theoretical and Natural Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 144 - 157

Published: June 3, 2024

The sleep and arousal, or the vigilance state, is controlled by a highly dynamic brain system that involves numerous interconnected circuits. However, while many reviews presented anatomical bases of how different components area contribute to states, less attention paid from perspective neurotransmitters. As multiple neuronal populations could exist express in same area, attributing effect areas on arousal would not be precise without consideration act This review summarizes recent progress neurotransmitters affect states. By doing so, this aims provide an alternative angle understanding state regulated brain.

Language: Английский

40 Hz light flickering promotes sleep through cortical adenosine signaling DOI Creative Commons
Xuzhao Zhou, Yan He, Tao Xu

et al.

Cell Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(3), P. 214 - 231

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Abstract Flickering light stimulation has emerged as a promising non-invasive neuromodulation strategy to alleviate neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the lack of neurochemical underpinning hampered its therapeutic development. Here, we demonstrate that flickering triggered an immediate and sustained increase (up 3 h after flickering) in extracellular adenosine levels primary visual cortex (V1) other brain regions, function frequency intensity, with maximal effects observed at 40 Hz 4000 lux. We uncovered cortical (glutamatergic GABAergic) neurons, rather than astrocytes, cellular source, intracellular generation from AMPK-associated energy metabolism pathways (but not SAM-transmethylation or salvage purine pathways), efflux mediated by equilibrative nucleoside transporter-2 (ENT2) molecular pathway responsible for generation. Importantly, 20 80 Hz) 30 min enhanced non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) REM sleep 2–3 mice. This somnogenic effect was abolished ablation V1 superior colliculus) neurons genetic deletion gene encoding ENT2 ENT1), but recaptured chemogenetic inhibition focal infusion into dose-dependent manner. Lastly, also promoted children insomnia decreasing onset latency, increasing total time, reducing waking onset. Collectively, our findings establish ENT2-mediated signaling basis flickering-induced unravel novel treatment insomnia, condition affects 20% world population.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Neocortical somatostatin neuron diversity in cognition and learning DOI Creative Commons
Eunsol Park, Matthew B. Mosso, Alison L. Barth

et al.

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Effects of clozapine-N-oxide and compound 21 on sleep in laboratory mice DOI Creative Commons
Janine Traut, José Prius-Mengual, Elise Meijer

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 9, 2023

Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) are chemogenetic tools for remote control of targeted cell populations using chemical actuators that bind to modified receptors. Despite the popularity DREADDs in neuroscience and sleep research, potential effects DREADD actuator clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) on have never been systematically tested. Here, we show intraperitoneal injections commonly used CNO doses (1, 5, 10 mg/kg) alter wild-type male laboratory mice. Using electroencephalography (EEG) electromyography (EMG) analyse sleep, found a dose-dependent suppression rapid eye movement (REM) changes EEG spectral power during non-REM (NREM) altered architecture pattern previously reported clozapine. Effects could arise from back-metabolism clozapine or binding endogenous neurotransmitter Interestingly, novel actuator, compound 21 (C21, 3 mg/kg), similarly modulates despite lack Our results demonstrate both C21 can modulate mice not expressing This implies is sole mechanism underlying side actuators. Therefore, any experiment should include DREADD-free group injected with same CNO, C21, newly developed actuator. We suggest electrophysiological assessment serve as sensitive tool test biological inertness

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Brain stimulation techniques as novel treatment options for insomnia: A systematic review DOI Creative Commons
Lukas B. Krone, Kristoffer D. Fehér, Tania Rivero

et al.

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(6)

Published: May 18, 2023

Summary Despite the success of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia and recent advances in pharmacotherapy, many patients with do not sufficiently respond to available treatments. This systematic review aims present state science regarding use brain stimulation approaches treating insomnia. To this end, we searched MEDLINE, Embase PsycINFO from inception 24 March 2023. We evaluated studies that compared conditions active a control condition or group. Outcome measures included standardized questionnaires and/or polysomnography adults clinical diagnosis Our search identified 17 controlled trials met inclusion criteria, assessed total 967 participants using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, electric transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve forehead cooling. No other techniques such as deep vestibular auditory criteria. While several report improvements subjective objective sleep parameters different protocols, important methodological limitations risk bias limit their interpretability. A cooling study found no significant group differences primary endpoints, but better initiation condition. Two superiority most outcome measures. Although modulating through appears feasible, gaps prevailing models physiology pathophysiology remain be filled. Optimized protocols proof over reliable sham are indispensable before becomes viable treatment option

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Chronic insomnia, REM sleep instability and emotional dysregulation: A pathway to anxiety and depression? DOI Creative Commons
Dieter Riemann, Raphael J. Dressle, Fee Benz

et al.

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 29, 2024

Summary The world‐wide prevalence of insomnia disorder reaches up to 10% the adult population. Women are more often afflicted than men, and is a risk factor for somatic mental illness, especially depression anxiety disorders. Persistent hyperarousals at cognitive, emotional, cortical and/or physiological levels central most theories regarding pathophysiology insomnia. Of defining features disorder, discrepancy between minor objective polysomnographic alterations sleep continuity substantive subjective impairment in remains enigmatic. Microstructural alterations, rapid eye movement (“rapid instability”), might explain this mismatch findings. As represents highly aroused brain state during sleep, it be particularly prone fragmentation individuals with persistent hyperarousal. In consequence, mentation may toned as conscious‐like wake experience, reflecting pre‐sleep concerns. It suggested that instability involved measures disorder. Furthermore, has been linked previous works emotional processing, could play role close association depressive

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Microglial TNFα orchestrates protein phosphorylation in the cortex during the sleep period and controls homeostatic sleep DOI
Maria J. Pinto,

Léa Cottin,

Florent Dingli

et al.

The EMBO Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(1)

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Developmental alcohol exposure is exhausting: Sleep and the enduring consequences of alcohol exposure during development DOI Creative Commons
Donald A. Wilson, Regina M. Sullivan, John F. Smiley

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 158, P. 105567 - 105567

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Neocortical long-range inhibition promotes cortical synchrony and sleep DOI Creative Commons
Jacob M Ratliff, Geoffrey Terral, Stefano Lutzu

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 23, 2024

Behavioral states such as sleep and wake are highly correlated with specific patterns of rhythmic activity in the cortex. During low arousal slow wave sleep, cortex is synchronized dominated by frequency rhythms coordinated across multiple regions. Although recent evidence suggests that GABAergic inhibitory neurons key players cortical state modulation,

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Prolactin in sleep and EEG regulation: new mechanisms and sleep-related brain targets complement classical data DOI Creative Commons

Attila Tóth,

Árpád Dobolyi

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106000 - 106000

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The role of prolactin in sleep regulation has been the subject extensive research over past 50 years, resulting identification multiple, disparate functions for hormone. Prolactin demonstrated a characteristic circadian release pattern with elevation during dark and diminution light. High levels were linked to non-rapid eye movement electroencephalogram delta activity humans. Conversely, hyperprolactinemia showed strong correlation REM rodent studies. may be implicated alterations female patterns observed reproductive cycle, it play enhancement following stress sleep-related immunological processes. In conclusion, appears have sleep-promoting role, particularly phase. However, does not appear central coherent regulation, as some neuropeptides such orexin. its principal function facilitate situational, yet adaptive, changes response challenging physiological phases, those associated stress, challenges, or cycle. Neuronal substrates prolactin-mediated effects remain unknown; however, recent studies provide insights into potential sites these effects.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exploring Cortical Interneurons in Substance Use Disorder: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Sai Shi, Tianzhen Chen, Hang Su

et al.

The Neuroscientist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Interneurons (INs) play a crucial role in the regulation of neural activity within medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), brain region critically involved executive functions and behavioral control. In recent preclinical studies, dysregulation INs mPFC has been implicated pathophysiology substance use disorder, characterized by vulnerability to chronic drug use. Here, we explore diversity their connectivity roles addiction. We also discuss how these change over time with exposure. Finally, focus on noninvasive stimulation as therapeutic approach for targeting highlighting its potential restore circuits.

Language: Английский

Citations

0