The Menstrual Cycle as a Vital Sign: A Comprehensive Review DOI Open Access
Ana K. Rosen Vollmar, Shruthi Mahalingaiah, Anne Marie Z. Jukic

et al.

Published: July 12, 2024

Some medical professional organizations have advocated for including the menstrual cycle as a vital sign in adolescence, but not adulthood. However, documenting patterns is routine clinical or research practice. Vital signs are used to predict health outcomes, indicate needed treatment, and monitor course. They can help identify pathologies, affirm wellness, responsive exposures. Here we review scientific evidence showing how meets these criteria should therefore be treated sign. Using key words controlled vocabulary terms, carried out multiple literature searches, prioritizing inclusion of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, practice guidelines. This describes indicator, cyclically impact conditions, its associations with long-term post-menopausal outcomes. We exposures influencing cycle, underlying use optimize available tools cycles. Supplementary materials include patient handouts on tracking, an index related guidelines reviews by subject. The from menarche through menopause, underutilized powerful tool understanding gynecological general health.

Language: Английский

A retrospective case-control study on menstrual cycle changes following COVID-19 vaccination and disease DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Alvergne, Gabriella Kountourides,

M. Austin Argentieri

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 106401 - 106401

Published: March 15, 2023

There has been increasing public concern that COVID-19 vaccination causes menstrual disturbance regarding the relative effect of compared to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our objectives were test potential risk factors for reporting cycle changes following and compare parameters disease. We performed a secondary analysis retrospective online survey conducted in UK March 2021. In pre-menopausal vaccinated participants (n = 4,989), 18% reported after their first vaccine injection. The prevalence any was higher women who smoke, have history disease, or are not using estradiol-containing contraceptives. second sample including both unvaccinated 12,579), alone associated with abnormal parameters, while disease an increased heavier bleeding, "missed" periods, inter-menstrual bleeding.

Language: Английский

Citations

73
Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination on menstrual bleeding quantity: An observational cohort study DOI Creative Commons
Blair G. Darney, Emily R. Boniface,

Agathe van Lamsweerde

et al.

BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 130(7), P. 803 - 812

Published: April 10, 2023

Abstract Objective To assess whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination impacts menstrual bleeding quantity. Design Retrospective cohort. Setting Five global regions. Population Vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals with regular cycles using the digital fertility‐awareness application Natural Cycles°. Methods We used prospectively collected cycle data, multivariable longitudinal Poisson generalised estimating equation (GEE) models multinomial logistic regression to calculate adjusted difference between groups. All were for confounding factors. Main outcome measures The mean number of heavy days (fewer, no change or more) changes in quantity (less, at three time points (first dose, second dose post‐exposure menses). Results included 9555 (7401 vaccinated 2154 unvaccinated). About two‐thirds reported days, regardless status. After adjusting factors, there significant differences by A larger proportion experienced an increase total (34.5% unvaccinated, 38.4% vaccinated; 4.0%, 99.2% CI 0.7%–7.2%). This translates estimated 40 additional people per 1000 normal who experience a greater following first vaccine dose' suffice. Differences resolved post‐exposure. Conclusions small probability occurred COVID‐19 which after post‐vaccination cycle. did not differ Our findings can reassure public that any are transient.

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Menstrual cycle length variation by demographic characteristics from the Apple Women’s Health Study DOI Creative Commons
Huichu Li, Elizabeth A. Gibson, Anne Marie Z. Jukic

et al.

npj Digital Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: May 29, 2023

Menstrual characteristics are important signs of women's health. Here we examine the variation menstrual cycle length by age, ethnicity, and body weight using 165,668 cycles from 12,608 participants in US mobile tracking apps. After adjusting for all covariates, mean is shorter with older age across groups until 50 then became longer those older. on average 1.6 (95%CI: 1.2, 2.0) days Asian 0.7 0.4, 1.0) Hispanic compared to white non-Hispanic participants. Participants BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 have 1.5 1.8) between 18.5 25 kg/m2. Cycle variability lowest among aged 35-39 but considerably higher 46% 43%, 48%) 45% 41%, 49%) under 20 45-49. increase 200% 191%, 210%) above group. Compared participants, who larger variability. obesity also confirm previous observations changes pattern reproductive life span report new evidence differences ethnicity status. Future studies should explore underlying determinants characteristics.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Heavy bleeding and other menstrual disturbances in young women after COVID-19 vaccination DOI Creative Commons
Lill Trogstad, Ida Laake, Anna Hayman Robertson

et al.

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41(36), P. 5271 - 5282

Published: July 3, 2023

Many signals of menstrual disturbances as possible side effects vaccination against COVID-19 have been reported. Our objective was to compare the risk before and after among women aged 18-30 years in Oslo, Norway. We used electronic questionnaires collect reports from 3972 years, participating population-based Norwegian Young Adult Cohort. examined occurrence (heavier bleeding than usual, prolonged bleeding, shorter interval between menstruations, longer spot bleedings, stronger pain during menstruation, period without bleeding) first second dose vaccine. Relative risks (RR) according were estimated using a self-controlled case-series design. performed additional analyses stratified by vaccine brand, contraception/hormone use, presence gynecological condition(s). The prevalence any disturbance 36.7% last cycle prior dose. RR for heavier usual 1.90 (95% CI: 1.69-2.13) 1.84 (1.66-2.03) Increased menstruation also observed both doses. RRs did not differ with or condition(s) disturbances. Menstrual common regardless vaccination. found increased vaccination, particularly pain. In future, characteristics should be included trials.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual cycle characteristics: A prospective cohort study DOI Creative Commons
Amelia K. Wesselink, Sharonda M. Lovett, Janice Weinberg

et al.

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41(29), P. 4327 - 4334

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Association between COVID-19 vaccination and menstruation: a state of the science review DOI
Laura A. Payne, Lauren A. Wise, Amelia K. Wesselink

et al.

BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50(3), P. 212 - 225

Published: June 10, 2024

Menstrual health is a key patient-reported outcome beyond its importance as general indicator of and fertility. However, menstrual function was not measured in the clinical trials COVID-19 vaccines. The purpose this review to synthesise existing literature on relationship between vaccination outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Messenger RNA Therapy for Female Reproductive Health DOI

Rachel VanKeulen‐Miller,

Owen S. Fenton

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 393 - 409

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Female reproductive health has traditionally been an underrepresented area of research in the drug delivery sciences. This disparity is also seen emerging field mRNA therapeutics, a class medicines that promises to treat and prevent disease by upregulating protein expression body. Here, we review advances therapies through lens improving female health. Specifically, begin our discussing fundamental structure biochemical modifications associated with mRNA-based drugs. Then, discuss various packaging technologies, including lipid nanoparticles, can be utilized protect transport drugs target cells Last, conclude usage therapy for addressing pregnancy-related vaccination against sexually transmitted diseases women. Of note, highlight relevant clinical trials using while providing their corresponding National Clinical Trial identifiers. In undertaking this review, aim provide background understanding its specifically address issues overarching goal information toward gender certain aspects research.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Consensus recommendations for measuring the impact of contraception on the menstrual cycle in contraceptive clinical trials DOI
Amelia C. L. Mackenzie, Stephanie Chung, Emily Hoppes

et al.

Contraception, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110829 - 110829

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Timing of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination and Effects on Menstrual Cycle Changes DOI Creative Commons
Alison Edelman, Emily R. Boniface, Victoria Male

et al.

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether menstrual cycle timing (follicular or luteal phase) of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine administration is associated with length changes. METHODS: We used prospectively collected (2021–2022) tracking data from 19,497 reproductive-aged users the application “Natural Cycles.” identified was delivered in follicular phase and also included an unvaccinated control group. Our primary outcome adjusted within-individual change (in days) average three cycles before first vaccination (individuals group were assigned a notional date). assessed changes second clinically significant (8 days more) occurred either cycle. RESULTS: Most individuals younger than age 35 years (80.1%) North America (28.6%), continental Europe (33.5%), United Kingdom (31.7%). In vaccinated group, majority received mRNA (63.8% full sample). Individuals experienced 1-day longer dose COVID-19 compared their prevaccination (first dose: 1.00 day [98.75% CI, 0.88–1.13], 1.11 0.93–1.29]); those no (respectively, −0.09 −0.26 to 0.07], 0.06 −0.16 0.29], 0.08 −0.10 0.27], 0.17 −0.04 0.38]). Those during more likely experience more; 6.8%) (3.3% 5.0%, respectively; P <.001). CONCLUSION: vaccine–related increases are receipt half phase).

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Associations Among Menstrual Cycle Length, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and Vaccination DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Alvergne, Emily R. Boniface, Blair G. Darney

et al.

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 143(1), P. 83 - 91

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

To assess whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with menstrual cycle length changes and, if so, how that compares those undergoing vaccination or no event (control).We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis in which we analyzed prospectively tracked cycle-length data from users of period tracker application who also responded to survey regarding COVID-19 symptoms and vaccination. We restricted our sample aged 16-45 years, normal lengths (24-38 days) regular tracking behavior during the five cycles around similar time for experiencing (control group). calculated within-user change (days) three consecutive preevent average (either vaccination, disease, neither; 1-3) (cycle 4) postevent 5) cycles. used mixed-effects models estimate age- country-adjusted difference across groups.We included 6,514 110 countries representing 32,570 (COVID-19 symptoms: 1,450; vaccination: 4,643; control: 421). The experienced 1.45-day adjusted increase 4 compared their (95% CI 0.86-2.04). vaccinated group 1.14-day vaccine) 0.60-1.69). control (neither vaccine nor disease) 0.68-day decrease -1.18 -0.19) period. Post hoc tests showed significant differences magnitude between cohorts. In both cohorts, disappeared cycle.Experiencing small These resolve quickly within next cycle.

Language: Английский

Citations

13