Obesity II: Establishing causal links between chemical exposures and obesity

Biochemical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 115015 - 115015

Published: April 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Dietary regulation in health and disease

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 23, 2022

Nutriments have been deemed to impact all physiopathologic processes. Recent evidences in molecular medicine and clinical trials demonstrated that adequate nutrition treatments are the golden criterion for extending healthspan delaying ageing various species such as yeast, drosophila, rodent, primate human. It emerges develop precision-nutrition therapeutics slow age-related biological processes treat diverse diseases. However, nutritive advantages frequently diversify among individuals well organs tissues, which brings challenges this field. In review, we summarize different forms of dietary interventions extensively prescribed improvement disease treatment pre-clinical or clinical. We discuss nutrient-mediated mechanisms including metabolic regulators, metabolism pathways, epigenetic circadian clocks. Comparably, describe diet-responsive effectors by influence endocrinic, immunological, microbial neural states responsible improving health preventing multiple diseases humans. Furthermore, expatiate patterns dietotheroapies, fasting, calorie-restricted diet, ketogenic high-fibre plants-based protein restriction diet with specific reduction amino acids microelements, potentially affecting morbid states. Altogether, emphasize profound nutritional therapy, highlight crosstalk explored critical factors individualized therapeutic approaches predictors.

Language: Английский

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The double-edged sword of probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota structure in Helicobacter pylori management

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 11, 2022

As Helicobacter pylori management has become more challenging and less efficient over the last decade, interest in innovative interventions is growing by day. Probiotic co-supplementation to antibiotic therapies reported several studies, presenting a moderate reduction drug-related side effects promotion positive treatment outcomes. However, significance of gut microbiota involvement competence probiotic emphasized few researchers, indicating alteration host gastrointestinal following drug uptake. Due lack long-term follow-up studies determine efficiency intervention H. eradication, delicate interaction with wellness, this review aims discuss predict comprehensive effectiveness oral administration.Abbreviations: acyl-CoA- acyl-coenzyme A; AMP- antimicrobial peptide; AMPK- AMP-activated protein kinase; AP-1- activator 1; BA- bile acid; BAR- acid receptor; BCAA- branched-chain amino C2- acetate; C3- propionate; C4- butyrate; C5- valeric CagA- Cytotoxin-associated gene cAMP- cyclic adenosine monophosphate; CD- Crohn's disease; CDI- C. difficile infection; COX-2- cyclooxygenase-2; DC- dendritic cell; EMT- epithelial-mesenchymal transition; FMO- flavin monooxygenases; FXR- farnesoid X GPBAR1- G-protein-coupled receptor GPR4- G protein-coupled 4; H2O2- hydrogen peroxide; HCC- hepatocellular carcinoma; HSC- hepatic stellate IBD- inflammatory bowel IBS- irritable syndrome; IFN-γ- interferon-gamma; IgA immunoglobulin IL- interleukin; iNOS- induced nitric oxide synthase; JAK1- janus kinase JAM-A- junctional adhesion molecule LAB- lactic bacteria; LPS- lipopolysaccharide; MALT- mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; MAMP- microbe-associated molecular pattern; MCP-1- monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MDR- multiple resistance; mTOR- mammalian target rapamycin; MUC- mucin; NAFLD- nonalcoholic fatty liver NF-κB- nuclear factor kappa B; NK- natural killer; NLRP3- NLR family pyrin domain containing 3; NOC- N-nitroso compounds; NOD- nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain; PICRUSt- phylogenetic investigation communities reconstruction unobserved states; PRR- pattern recognition RA- retinoic RNS- reactive nitrogen species; ROS- oxygen rRNA- ribosomal RNA; SCFA- short-chain acids; SDR- single SIgA- secretory STAT3- signal transducer transcription T1D- type 1 diabetes; T2D- 2 Th17- T helper 17; TLR- toll-like TMAO- trimethylamine N-oxide; TML- trimethyllysine; TNF-α- tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Tr1- regulatory Treg- UC- ulcerative colitis; VacA- Vacuolating toxin A.

Language: Английский

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Achieving healthy aging through gut microbiota-directed dietary intervention: Focusing on microbial biomarkers and host mechanisms

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2024

Population aging has become a primary global public health issue, and the prevention of age-associated diseases prolonging healthy life expectancies are particular importance. Gut microbiota emerged as novel target in various host physiological disorders including aging. Comprehensive understanding on changes gut during aging, characteristics centenarians, can provide us possibility to achieving or intervene pathological through microbiota-directed strategies. This review aims summarize associated with explore potential biomarkers address microbiota-associated mechanisms focusing intestinal barrier immune status. By summarizing existing effective dietary strategies interventions, probability developing diet targeting future is provided. focused three key notions: Firstly, new for regulating status lifespan, its closely related age. Thus, we summarized aging-associated features at levels genus/species important metabolites comparing differences among elderly people younger people. Secondly, exploring discussing using regime/components targeted aging-related promote human lifespan. Thirdly, intervention effectively improve imbalance such probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, but their effects vary among.

Language: Английский

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Gut-liver axis: Pathophysiological concepts and medical perspective in chronic liver diseases

Seminars in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 71, P. 101859 - 101859

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial H ₂ S Regulates BCAA Catabolism in Heart Failure

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 131(3), P. 222 - 235

Published: June 15, 2022

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exerts mitochondria-specific actions that include the preservation of oxidative phosphorylation, biogenesis, and ATP synthesis, while inhibiting cell death. 3-MST (3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase) is a mitochondrial H2S-producing enzyme whose functions in cardiovascular disease are not fully understood. In current study, we investigated effects global deficiency setting pressure overload-induced heart failure. Human myocardial samples obtained from patients with failure undergoing cardiac surgeries were probed for protein expression. knockout mice C57BL/6J wild-type subjected to transverse aortic constriction induce overload reduced ejection fraction. Cardiac structure function, vascular reactivity, exercise performance, respiration, synthesis efficiency assessed. addition, untargeted metabolomics utilized identify key pathways altered by deficiency. Myocardial was significantly compared nonfailing controls. KO exhibited increased accumulation branched-chain amino acids myocardium, which associated respiration exacerbated dysfunction, worsened performance following constriction. Restoring acid catabolism 3,6-dichlorobenzo1[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic (BT2) administration potent H2S donor JK-1 ameliorates detrimental Our data suggest derived may play regulatory role mediate critical protection

Language: Английский

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Boundaries and integration between microbiota, the nervous system, and immunity

Immunity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(8), P. 1712 - 1726

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Gut and obesity/metabolic disease: Focus on microbiota metabolites

MedComm, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(3)

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Abstract Obesity is often associated with the risk of chronic inflammation and other metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer. The composition activity gut microbiota play an important role in this process, affecting a range physiological processes, nutrient absorption energy metabolism. active can produce large number physiologically substances during process intestinal metabolism reproduction, including short‐chain/long‐chain fatty acids, secondary bile tryptophan metabolites beneficial effects on metabolism, well negative metabolites, trimethylamine N‐oxide, delta‐valerobetaine, imidazole propionate. How specifically affect participate immune activities, especially directly produced by microbiota, has attracted extensive attention. So far, some animal human studies have shown that are correlated host obesity, inflammation. Some pathways mechanisms slowly being discovered. Here, we will focus (beneficial negative), review their roles obesity related hoping to provide new perspective for treatment remission diseases from metabolites.

Language: Английский

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Sialic acid exacerbates gut dysbiosis-associated mastitis through the microbiota-gut-mammary axis by fueling gut microbiota disruption

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: April 17, 2023

Abstract Background Mastitis is one of the most severe diseases in humans and animals, especially on dairy farms. Mounting evidence indicates that gastrointestinal dysbiosis caused by induction subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) high-grain diet consumption low dietary fiber associated with mastitis initiation development, however, underlying mechanism remains unknown. Results In present study, we found cows SARA-associated have altered metabolic profiles rumen, increased sialic acids level particular. Consumption acid (SA) antibiotic-treated mice, but not healthy induced marked mastitis. SA treatment mice also mucosal systemic inflammatory responses, as evidenced colon liver injuries several markers. addition, gut antibiotic impaired barrier integrity, which was aggravated treatment. potentiated serum LPS treatment, leading to activation TLR4-NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways mammary gland colon. Moreover, facilitated antibiotic, enhanced Enterobacteriaceae Akkermansiaceae , correlated parameters. Fecal microbiota transplantation from SA-antibiotic-treated mimicked recipient mice. vitro experiments showed prompted Escherichia coli growth virulence gene expression, higher proinflammatory cytokine production macrophages. Targeting inhibition sodium tungstate or treating commensal Lactobacillus reuteri alleviated SA-facilitated SARA had distinct microbial structure enrichment SA-utilizing opportunistic pathogenic Moraxellaceae depletion Prevotellaceae . Treating specific sialidase inhibitor zanamivir reduced abundance, improved Conclusions This for first time, aggravates dysbiosis-induced promoting disturbance regulated bacteria, indicating important role microbiota-gut-mammary axis pathogenesis suggesting a potential strategy intervention based metabolism regulation.

Language: Английский

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Digestion under saliva, simulated gastric and small intestinal conditions and fermentation in vitro by human gut microbiota of polysaccharides from Ficus carica Linn.

Food Hydrocolloids, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 109204 - 109204

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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