Physiological and pathological roles of lipogenesis

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(5), P. 735 - 759

Published: May 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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An adipocentric perspective on the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Journal of Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 78(5), P. 1048 - 1062

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

Alongside the liver, white adipose tissue (WAT) is critical in regulating systemic energy homeostasis. Although each organ has its specialised functions, they must work coordinately to regulate whole-body metabolism. Adipose tissues and liver are relatively resilient can adapt an surplus by facilitating triglyceride (TG) storage up a certain threshold level without significant metabolic disturbances. However, lipid WAT beyond "personalised" adiposity becomes dysfunctional, leading inflexibility, progressive inflammation, aberrant adipokine secretion. Moreover, failure of store mobilise lipids results knock-on overload, particularly liver. Factors contributing hepatic overload include released from WAT, dietary fat intake, enhanced de novo lipogenesis. In contrast, extrahepatic mechanisms counteracting toxic entail coordinated compensation through oxidation fatty acids brown as TGs WAT. Failure these integrated homeostatic leads quantitative increases qualitative alterations lipidome Initially, hepatocytes preferentially accumulate TG species "benign" non-alcoholic with time, inflammatory responses ensue, progressing into more severe conditions such steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, some individuals (often early prognostic clue). Herein, we highlight pathogenic importance obesity-induced "adipose failure", resulting decreased functionality (i.e. capacity flexibility), development progression NAFL/NASH.

Language: Английский

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Protective Factors and the Pathogenesis of Complications in Diabetes

Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(2), P. 227 - 252

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Chronic complications of diabetes are due to myriad disorders numerous metabolic pathways that responsible for most the morbidity and mortality associated with disease. Traditionally, divided into those microvascular macrovascular origin. We suggest revising this antiquated classification vascular, parenchymal, hybrid (both vascular parenchymal) tissue origin, since profile ranges from involving only tissues mostly parenchymal organs. A major paradigm shift has occurred in recent years regarding pathogenesis complications, which focus shifted studies on risks interplay between risk protective factors. While factors clearly important development chronic diabetes, have established equally significant modulating severity complications. These responses may help explain differential even lack pathologies, some tissues. Nevertheless, despite growing number field, comprehensive reviews their mechanisms action not available. This review thus focused clinical, biochemical, molecular support idea endogenous factors, roles initiation progression diabetes. In addition, also aimed identify main needs field future studies.

Language: Английский

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Emerging mechanisms of obesity-associated immune dysfunction

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 136 - 148

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

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Inflammation and resolution in obesity

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Potential Cardiometabolic Effects of Long-Chain ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Recent Updates and Controversies

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 612 - 628

Published: April 7, 2023

Various health-related effects of long-chain (LC) ω-3 PUFAs, EPA, and DHA have been suggested. LC PUFAs reduce TG concentrations anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiplatelet, vascular protective effects. Controversially, they might help in restoring glucose homeostasis via the gut microbiota. However, previous studies not shown clear benefits for CVDs. REDUCE-IT STRENGTH-representative randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined whether would prevent major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE)-showed conflicting results with differences types, doses, or comparators study populations. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis using RCTs to address this inconsistency assess clinical biological PUFAs. We included involved ≥500 participants ≥1 y follow-up. Of 17 involving 143,410 people, PUFA supplementation showed beneficial on CV death (RR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.99; P = 0.029) fatal nonfatal MI 0.83; 0.72, 0.95; 0.010). EPA alone better 3-point MACE, death, MI. were found stroke, all-cause mortality, hospitalization heart failure. note, both EPA/DHA combination significant increase risk new-onset atrial fibrillation. Thus, well-designed are needed investigate underlying mechanisms distinct compared cardiometabolic diseases. This review discusses potential safety from perspective focusing recent updates controversies.

Language: Английский

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Resolvins and cysteinyl-containing pro-resolving mediators activate resolution of infectious inflammation and tissue regeneration

Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 166, P. 106718 - 106718

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

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Potential Clinical Applications of Pro-Resolving Lipids Mediators from Docosahexaenoic Acid

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 3317 - 3317

Published: July 26, 2023

Docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3, DHA) is the precursor of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), such as resolvin, protectin, and maresin families which have been considered therapeutic bioactive compounds for human health. Growing evidence indicates that DHA SPMs are beneficial strategies in amelioration, regulation, duration inflammatory processes through different biological actions. The present review discusses reported benefits on various diseases their potential clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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CCL2‐CCR2 signaling axis in obesity and metabolic diseases

Journal of Cellular Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 239(4)

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Obesity and metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular ailments, represent formidable global health challenges, bearing considerable implications for both morbidity mortality rates. It has become increasingly evident that chronic, low-grade inflammation plays a pivotal role in the genesis advancement of these conditions. The involvement C-C chemokine ligand (CCL2) its corresponding receptor, receptor (CCR2), been extensively documented numerous inflammatory maladies. Recent evidence indicates CCL2/CCR2 pathway extends beyond immune cell recruitment inflammation, exerting notable influence on progression syndrome. present review seeks to furnish comprehensive exposition CCL2-CCR2 signaling axis within context obesity disorders, elucidating molecular mechanisms, functional roles, therapeutic implications.

Language: Английский

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ADRA1A–Gαq signalling potentiates adipocyte thermogenesis through CKB and TNAP

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(11), P. 1459 - 1473

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

Abstract Noradrenaline (NA) regulates cold-stimulated adipocyte thermogenesis 1 . Aside from cAMP signalling downstream of β-adrenergic receptor activation, how NA promotes thermogenic output is still not fully understood. Here, we show that coordinated α -adrenergic (AR) and β 3 -AR induces the expression genes futile creatine cycle 2,3 , early B cell factors, oestrogen-related receptors PGC1α are required for this response in vivo. triggers physical functional coupling between subtype (ADRA1A) Gα q to promote a manner dependent on effector proteins cycle, kinase tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase. Combined s selectively adipocytes continual rise whole-body energy expenditure, effect. Thus, ADRA1A–Gα –futile axis key regulator facultative adaptive thermogenesis.

Language: Английский

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