Soft Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(2)
Published: May 14, 2024
The
skin,
a
vital
medium
for
human-environment
communication,
stands
as
an
indispensable
and
pivotal
element
in
the
realms
of
both
production
daily
life.
As
landscape
science
technology
undergoes
gradual
evolution
demand
seamless
human-machine
interfaces
continues
to
surge,
escalating
need
emerges
counterpart
our
biological
skin
-
electronic
skins
(e-skins).
Achieving
high-performance
sensing
capabilities
comparable
has
consistently
posed
formidable
challenge.
In
this
article,
we
systematically
outline
fundamental
strategies
enabling
e-skins
with
including
strain
sensing,
pressure
shear
temperature
humidity
self-healing.
Subsequently,
complex
e-skin
systems
current
major
applications
were
briefly
introduced.
We
conclude
by
envisioning
future
trajectory,
anticipating
continued
advancements
transformative
innovations
shaping
dynamic
technology.
This
article
provides
profound
insight
into
state
e-skins,
potentially
inspiring
scholars
explore
new
possibilities.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
53(15), P. 7960 - 7982
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
review
discusses
the
advancements,
sensor
design,
and
challenges
in
creating
wearable
implantable
nucleic
acid-based
sensors
for
personalized
healthcare
through
real-time
biomarker
analysis
biofluids.
Biomacromolecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(8), P. 5359 - 5373
Published: July 24, 2024
Inspired
by
the
animal
skin
fiber
network,
we
developed
an
electronic
(e-skin)
utilizing
natural
sheepskin
as
primary
substrate.
This
innovative
design
addresses
limitations
of
conventional
e-skins,
including
inadequate
mechanical
strength,
overly
complex
artificial
network
construction,
and
limited
health
monitoring
capabilities.
e-skin
successfully
retains
structure
properties
while
exhibiting
exceptional
strength
(with
a
breaking
4.01
MPa)
high
elongation
at
break
304.8%).
Moreover,
it
possesses
various
desirable
attributes
such
electrical
conductivity,
antibacterial
properties,
biocompatibility,
environmental
stability.
In
addition,
this
has
advantage
diverse
data
collection
(joint
movement,
bioelectricity,
foot
detection,
speech
disorder
communication
systems).
Therefore,
breaks
traditional
construction
strategy
single-mode
application
is
expected
to
become
ideal
material
for
building
smart
sensor
devices.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
124(17), P. 9899 - 9948
Published: Aug. 28, 2024
Electronic
skins
(e-skins)
have
seen
intense
research
and
rapid
development
in
the
past
two
decades.
To
mimic
capabilities
of
human
skin,
a
multitude
flexible/stretchable
sensors
that
detect
physiological
environmental
signals
been
designed
integrated
into
functional
systems.
Recently,
researchers
increasingly
deployed
machine
learning
other
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
technologies
to
neural
system
for
processing
analysis
sensory
data
collected
by
e-skins.
Integrating
AI
has
potential
enable
advanced
applications
robotics,
healthcare,
human–machine
interfaces
but
also
presents
challenges
such
as
diversity
model
robustness.
In
this
review,
we
first
summarize
functions
features
e-skins,
followed
feature
extraction
different
models.
Next,
discuss
utilization
design
e-skin
address
key
topic
implementation
e-skins
accomplish
range
tasks.
Subsequently,
explore
hardware-layer
in-skin
before
concluding
with
an
opportunities
various
aspects
AI-enabled
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
34(44)
Published: June 22, 2024
Abstract
Tactile
sensors
have
garnered
considerable
interest
for
their
capacity
to
detect
and
quantify
tactile
information.
The
incorporation
of
microstructural
designs
into
flexible
has
emerged
as
a
potent
strategy
augment
sensitivity
pressure
variations,
thereby
enhancing
linearity,
response
spectrum,
mechanical
robustness.
This
review
underscores
the
imperative
progress
in
microstructured
sensors.
Subsequently,
discourse
transitions
prevalent
materials
employed
fabrication
sensor
electrodes,
encapsulation
layers,
active
sensing
mediums,
elucidating
merits
limitations.
In‐depth
discussions
are
devoted
adorned
with
microstructures,
including
but
not
limited
to,
micropyramids,
microhemispheres,
micropillars,
microporous
configurations,
microcracks,
topological
interconnections,
multilevel
constructs,
random
roughness,
biomimetic
microstructures
inspired
by
flora
fauna,
accompanied
exemplar
studies
from
each
category.
Moreover,
utility
within
realm
intelligent
environments
is
explicated,
highlighting
application
monitoring
physiological
signals,
detection
sliding
motions,
discernment
surface
textures.
culminates
critical
examination
paramount
challenges
predicaments
that
must
be
surmounted
further
development
enhance
functional
performance
sensors,
paving
way
integration
advanced
sensory
systems.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 28, 2025
Abstract
Ionic
conductive
hydrogels
(ICHs)
are
emerging
as
key
materials
for
advanced
human‐machine
interactions
and
health
monitoring
systems
due
to
their
unique
combination
of
flexibility,
biocompatibility,
electrical
conductivity.
However,
a
major
challenge
remains
in
developing
ICHs
that
simultaneously
exhibit
high
ionic
conductivity,
self‐healing,
strong
adhesion,
particularly
under
extreme
low‐temperature
conditions.
In
this
study,
novel
ICH
composed
sulfobetaine
methacrylate,
methacrylic
acid,
TEMPO‐oxidized
cellulose
nanofibers,
sodium
alginate,
lithium
chloride
is
presented.
The
hydrogel
designed
with
hydrogen‐bonded
chemically
crosslinked
network,
achieving
excellent
conductivity
(0.49
±
0.05
S
m
−1
),
adhesion
(36.73
2.28
kPa),
self‐healing
capacity
even
at
−80
°C.
Furthermore,
the
maintain
functionality
over
45
days,
showcasing
outstanding
anti‐freezing
properties.
This
material
demonstrates
significant
potential
non‐invasive,
continuous
monitoring,
adhering
conformally
skin
without
signal
crosstalk,
enabling
real‐time,
high‐fidelity
transmission
cryogenic
These
offer
transformative
next
generation
multimodal
sensors,
broadening
application
possibilities
harsh
environments,
including
weather
outer
space.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 2, 2025
Abstract
Flexible
electromechanical
sensors
frequently
suffer
from
unexpected
impact
loadings
caused
by
slipping,
collisions
and
falling
objects,
to
name
a
few.
Without
sufficient
protection,
these
undesired
impacts
would
lead
critical
mechanical
instability
even
damage
flexible
sensors,
resulting
in
restricted
measurement
range
imprecise
sensing.
Thus,
it
is
of
significance,
but
still
fresh
challenge
enhance
the
stability
energy‐absorption
capacity
under
impacts.
Here,
multi‐design
strategy
proposed
construct
an
interpenetrating‐phase
cellulose‐acetate
composite
(IPC
2
)
architecture
for
impact‐intensive
sensing
applications.
The
external
structure
mimics
bellows‐morphology
beverage‐straws
that
deform
programmed
loading
direction
stability,
while
internal
conductive
core
has
co‐continuous
can
efficiently
absorb
energy.
Systematic
numerical
analysis
experimental
tests
demonstrate
IPC
presents
excellent
structural
cyclic
performance
unique
combination
exceptional
specific
energy
absorption
(SEA
=
2.66±1.2
kJ
kg
−1
),
low
density
(
ρ
720±10
m
−3
properties
(GF≈39.6).
Remarkably,
recovery
behaviors
terms
shape
electrical
signals
show
good
repeatability
reliability.
This
study
offers
new
framework
exploit
potentialities
with
protective
functions
commercial
values.
