Aging Cell,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(7)
Published: April 18, 2024
Since
their
introduction,
epigenetic
clocks
have
been
extensively
used
in
aging,
human
disease,
and
rejuvenation
studies.
In
this
article,
we
report
an
intriguing
pattern:
age
predictions
display
a
24-h
periodicity.
We
tested
circadian
blood
sample
collection
using
17
addressing
different
aspects
of
aging.
Thirteen
exhibited
significant
oscillations
with
the
youngest
oldest
estimates
around
midnight
noon,
respectively.
addition,
daily
were
consistent
changes
across
times
day
observed
independant
populational
dataset.
While
these
can
part
be
attributed
to
variations
white
cell
type
composition,
count
correction
methods
might
not
fully
resolve
issue.
Furthermore,
some
periodicity
even
purified
fraction
neutrophils
pointing
at
plausible
contributions
intracellular
epigenomic
oscillations.
Evidence
for
variation
emphasizes
importance
time-of-day
obtaining
accurate
age.
Aging
is
a
complex
biological
process
characterized
by
hallmark
features
accumulating
over
the
life
course,
shaping
individual's
aging
trajectory
and
subsequent
disease
risks.
There
substantial
individual
variability
in
between
men
women.
In
general,
women
live
longer
than
men,
consistent
with
lower
ages
as
assessed
molecular
biomarkers,
but
there
paradox.
Women
are
frailer
have
worse
health
at
end
of
life,
while
still
perform
better
physical
function
examinations.
Moreover,
many
age-related
diseases
show
sex-specific
patterns.
this
review,
we
aim
to
summarize
current
knowledge
on
sexual
dimorphism
human
studies,
support
from
animal
research,
illnesses.
We
also
attempt
place
it
context
theories
aging,
well
discuss
explanations
for
sex
differences,
example,
sex-chromosome
linked
mechanisms
hormonally
driven
differences.
Nature Aging,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(6), P. 871 - 885
Published: May 9, 2024
Abstract
Aging
clocks
have
provided
one
of
the
most
important
recent
breakthroughs
in
biology
aging,
and
may
provide
indicators
for
effectiveness
interventions
aging
process
preventive
treatments
age-related
diseases.
The
reproducibility
accurate
has
reinvigorated
debate
on
whether
a
programmed
underlies
aging.
Here
we
show
that
accumulating
stochastic
variation
purely
simulated
data
is
sufficient
to
build
clocks,
first-generation
second-generation
are
compatible
with
accumulation
DNA
methylation
or
transcriptomic
data.
We
find
predict
chronological
biological
age,
indicated
by
significant
prediction
differences
smoking,
calorie
restriction,
heterochronic
parabiosis
partial
reprogramming.
Although
our
simulations
not
explicitly
rule
out
process,
results
suggest
stochastically
changes
any
set
ground
state
at
age
zero
generating
clocks.
Nature Reviews Genetics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 12, 2024
The
DNA
methylation
field
has
matured
from
a
phase
of
discovery
and
genomic
characterization
to
one
seeking
deeper
functional
understanding
how
this
modification
contributes
development,
ageing
disease.
In
particular,
the
past
decade
seen
many
exciting
mechanistic
discoveries
that
have
substantially
expanded
our
appreciation
for
generic,
evolutionarily
ancient
can
be
incorporated
into
robust
epigenetic
codes.
Here,
we
summarize
current
distinct
landscapes
emerge
over
mammalian
lifespan
discuss
they
interact
with
other
regulatory
layers
support
diverse
functions.
We
then
review
rising
interest
in
alternative
patterns
found
during
senescence
somatic
transition
cancer.
Alongside
advancements
single-cell
long-read
sequencing
technologies,
collective
insights
made
across
these
fields
offer
new
opportunities
connect
biochemical
genetic
features
cell
physiology,
developmental
potential
phenotype.
Review,
Smith
et
al.
describe
development
within
key
disease
states,
as
well
different
methyltransferases
interface
histone
modifications
proteins
create
maintain
them.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: July 16, 2024
DNA
methylation
(DNAm)
is
one
of
the
most
reliable
biomarkers
aging
across
mammalian
tissues.
While
age-dependent
global
loss
DNAm
has
been
well
characterized,
gain
less
characterized.
Studies
have
demonstrated
that
CpGs
which
with
age
are
enriched
in
Polycomb
Repressive
Complex
2
(PRC2)
targets.
However,
whole-genome
examination
all
PRC2
targets
as
determination
pan-tissue
or
tissue-specific
nature
these
associations
lacking.
Here,
we
show
low-methylated
regions
(LMRs)
highly
bound
by
embryonic
stem
cells
(PRC2
LMRs)
examined
somatic
mitotic
cells.
We
estimated
this
epigenetic
change
represents
around
90%
genome-wide.
Therefore,
propose
"PRC2-AgeIndex,"
defined
average
LMRs,
a
universal
biomarker
cellular
can
distinguish
effect
different
anti-aging
interventions.
Neuron,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
112(15), P. 2524 - 2539.e5
Published: June 5, 2024
Altered
transcriptional
and
epigenetic
regulation
of
brain
cell
types
may
contribute
to
cognitive
changes
with
advanced
age.
Using
single-nucleus
multi-omic
DNA
methylation
transcriptome
sequencing
(snmCT-seq)
in
frontal
cortex
from
young
adult
aged
donors,
we
found
widespread
age-
sex-related
variation
specific
neuron
types.
The
proportion
inhibitory
SST-
VIP-expressing
neurons
was
reduced
donors.
Excitatory
had
more
profound
age-related
their
gene
expression
than
cells.
Hundreds
genes
involved
synaptic
activity,
including
EGR1,
were
less
expressed
adults.
Genes
located
subtelomeric
regions
increased
age
correlated
telomere
length.
We
further
mapped
cell-type-specific
sex
differences
X-inactivation
escape
genes.
Multi-omic
epigenomes
transcriptomes
provide
new
insight
into
the
effects
on
human
neurons.
