Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Nov. 23, 2018

ABSTRACT The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions extracellular vesicles (EVs), collective term covering various subtypes cell‐released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, characterize properly. International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information Studies (“MISEV”) guidelines field 2014. We now update “MISEV2014” based on evolution knowledge four years. An important point consider is that ascribing function EVs general, or EVs, requires reporting information beyond mere description crude, potentially contaminated, heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims exosomes are endowed exquisite activities remain support experimentally, given our still limited their molecular machineries biogenesis release, compared biophysically similar EVs. MISEV2018 include tables outlines suggested protocols steps follow document EV‐associated functional activities. Finally, checklist provided summaries key points.

Language: Английский

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Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. 213 - 228

Published: Jan. 17, 2018

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles in cancer — implications for future improvements in cancer care

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 617 - 638

Published: May 23, 2018

Language: Английский

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Diverse Applications of Nanomedicine

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 2313 - 2381

Published: March 14, 2017

The design and use of materials in the nanoscale size range for addressing medical health-related issues continues to receive increasing interest. Research nanomedicine spans a multitude areas, including drug delivery, vaccine development, antibacterial, diagnosis imaging tools, wearable devices, implants, high-throughput screening platforms, etc. using biological, nonbiological, biomimetic, or hybrid materials. Many these developments are starting be translated into viable clinical products. Here, we provide an overview recent highlight current challenges upcoming opportunities field translation clinic.

Language: Английский

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The exosome journey: from biogenesis to uptake and intracellular signalling

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: April 23, 2021

Abstract The use of exosomes in clinical settings is progressively becoming a reality, as trials testing for diagnostic and therapeutic applications are generating remarkable interest from the scientific community investors. Exosomes small extracellular vesicles secreted by all cell types playing intercellular communication roles health disease transferring cellular cargoes such functional proteins, metabolites nucleic acids to recipient cells. An in-depth understanding exosome biology therefore essential ensure development based investigational products. Here we summarise most up-to-date knowkedge about complex biological journey biogenesis secretion, transport uptake their intracellular signalling. We delineate major pathways molecular players that influence each step physiology, highlighting routes interest, which will be benefit manipulation engineering. highlight main controversies field research: adequate definition, characterisation at plasma membrane. also common identified pitfalls affecting research development. Unravelling physiology key ultimate progression towards applications.

Language: Английский

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EV-TRACK: transparent reporting and centralizing knowledge in extracellular vesicle research

Nature Methods, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 228 - 232

Published: Feb. 28, 2017

Language: Английский

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Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles: General Methodologies and Latest Trends

BioMed Research International, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 2018, P. 1 - 27

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Background . Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an essential role in the communication between cells and transport of diagnostically significant molecules. A wide diversity approaches utilizing different biochemical properties EVs a lack accepted protocols make data interpretation very challenging. Scope Review This review consolidates on classical state-of-the-art methods for isolation EVs, including exosomes, highlighting advantages disadvantages each method. Various characteristics individual methods, efficiency, EV yield, isolated labor consumption are compared. Major Conclusions mixed population is obtained most studies all used methods. The analyzed sample should be taken into account when planning experiment aimed at studying using these vesicles. problem adequate still remains; it might not possible to develop universal method but available can towards solving particular types problems. General Significance With use diagnosis therapy various diseases evaluation existing one key problems modern biology medicine.

Language: Английский

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Review of the Isolation, Characterization, Biological Function, and Multifarious Therapeutic Approaches of Exosomes

Cells, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 307 - 307

Published: April 3, 2019

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that contain a specific composition of proteins, lipids, RNA, and DNA. They derived from endocytic membranes can transfer signals to recipient cells, thus mediating novel mechanism cell-to-cell communication. also thought be involved in cellular waste disposal. play significant roles various biological functions, including the biomolecules such as enzymes, lipids regulation numerous physiological pathological processes diseases. Because these properties, they considered promising biomarkers for diagnosis prognosis diseases may contribute development minimally invasive diagnostics next generation therapies. The biocompatible nature exosomes could enhance stability efficacy imaging probes therapeutics. Due their potential use clinical applications, have attracted much research attention on health disease. To explore biomedical arena, it is essential basic molecular mechanisms behind transport function well-understood. Herein, we discuss history, biogenesis, release, isolation, characterization, functions exosomes, well factors influencing biogenesis technical challenges. We conclude this review with discussion future perspectives exosomes.

Language: Английский

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<p>Exosome: A Review of Its Classification, Isolation Techniques, Storage, Diagnostic and Targeted Therapy Applications</p>

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: Volume 15, P. 6917 - 6934

Published: Sept. 1, 2020

Exosomes are nano-sized small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, carrying nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and other bioactive substances to play a role in the body's physiological pathological processes. Compared synthetic carriers such as liposomes nanoparticles, endogeneity heterogeneity of exosomes give them extensive unique advantages field disease diagnosis treatment. However, storage stability, low yield, purity, weak targeting limit its clinical application. For this reason, further exploration is needed optimize above problems facilitate future functional studies exosomes. In paper, origin, classification, preparation characterization, stability applications exosome delivery system summarized discussed searching large number literatures.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicle Heterogeneity: Subpopulations, Isolation Techniques, and Diverse Functions in Cancer Progression

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 30, 2018

Cells release membrane enclosed nano-sized vesicles termed extracellular (EVs) that function as mediators of intercellular communication by transferring biological information between cells. Tumor-derived EVs have emerged important in cancer development and progression, mainly through transfer their bioactive content which can include oncoproteins, oncogenes, chemokine receptors, well soluble factors, transcripts proteins miRNAs involved angiogenesis or inflammation. This has been shown to influence the metastatic behavior primary tumors. Moreover, tumor-derived distant cellular niches, establishing favorable microenvironments support growth disseminated cells upon arrival at these pre-metastatic niches. It is generally accepted a number major EV populations with distinct biophysical properties functions. Exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies are most widely studied characterized. They discriminated based primarily on intracellular origin. However, increasing evidence suggests even within various subpopulations may exist. heterogeneity introduces an extra level complexity study biology function. For example, could unique roles intricate processes underlying biology. Here, we discuss current knowledge regarding role progression highlight relevance heterogeneity. The position tetraspanins integrins therein will be highlighted. Since addressing become essential for field, novel techniques isolating also discussed. Further dissection advance our understanding critical health disease.

Language: Английский

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