Electronic Skin: Recent Progress and Future Prospects for Skin‐Attachable Devices for Health Monitoring, Robotics, and Prosthetics

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 31(48)

Published: Sept. 19, 2019

Abstract Recent progress in electronic skin or e‐skin research is broadly reviewed, focusing on technologies needed three main applications: skin‐attachable electronics, robotics, and prosthetics. First, since will be exposed to prolonged stresses of various kinds needs conformally adhered irregularly shaped surfaces, materials with intrinsic stretchability self‐healing properties are great importance. Second, tactile sensing capability such as the detection pressure, strain, slip, force vector, temperature important for health monitoring attachable devices, enable object manipulation surrounding environment robotics For chemical electrophysiological wireless signal communication high significance fully gauge state users ensure user comfort. prosthetics, large‐area integration 3D surfaces a facile scalable manner critical. Furthermore, new processing strategies using neuromorphic devices efficiently process information parallel low power manner. neural interfacing electrodes These topics discussed, progress, current challenges, future prospects.

Language: Английский

---

Dry double-sided tape for adhesion of wet tissues and devices

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 575(7781), P. 169 - 174

Published: Oct. 30, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Conducting polymers: a comprehensive review on recent advances in synthesis, properties and applications

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 5659 - 5697

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Conducting polymers are extensively studied due to their outstanding properties, including tunable electrical property, optical and high mechanical easy synthesis effortless fabrication environmental stability over conventional inorganic materials.

Language: Английский

---

3D printing of conducting polymers

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 30, 2020

Abstract Conducting polymers are promising material candidates in diverse applications including energy storage, flexible electronics, and bioelectronics. However, the fabrication of conducting has mostly relied on conventional approaches such as ink-jet printing, screen electron-beam lithography, whose limitations have hampered rapid innovations broad polymers. Here we introduce a high-performance 3D printable polymer ink based poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) for printing The resultant superior printability enables facile into high resolution aspect ratio microstructures, which can be integrated with other materials insulating elastomers via multi-material printing. 3D-printed also converted highly conductive soft hydrogel microstructures. We further demonstrate fast streamlined fabrications various devices, neural probe capable vivo single-unit recording.

Language: Английский

---

Pure PEDOT:PSS hydrogels

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 5, 2019

Abstract Hydrogels of conducting polymers, particularly poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), provide a promising electrical interface with biological tissues for sensing and stimulation, owing to their favorable mechanical properties. While existing methods mostly blend PEDOT:PSS other compositions such as non-conductive the blending can compromise resultant hydrogels’ and/or Here, we show that designing interconnected networks nanofibrils via simple method yield high-performance pure hydrogels. The involves mixing volatile additive dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) into aqueous solutions followed by controlled dry-annealing rehydration. hydrogels exhibit set properties highly desirable bioelectronic applications, including high conductivity (~20 S cm −1 in PBS, ~40 deionized water), stretchability (> 35% strain), low Young’s modulus (~2 MPa), superior mechanical, electrochemical stability, tunable isotropic/anisotropic swelling wet physiological environments.

Language: Английский

---

Hydrogel Adhesion: A Supramolecular Synergy of Chemistry, Topology, and Mechanics

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 30(2)

Published: April 10, 2019

Abstract Adhering hydrogels to various materials is fundamental a large array of established and emerging applications. The last few years have seen transformative advances in achieving strong hydrogel adhesion, which supramolecular phenomenon. Two adherends connect through covalent bonds, noncovalent complexes, polymer chains, networks, or nanoparticles. Separating the dissipates energy cascading events across length scales, including bond cleavage, chain retraction, bulk hysteresis. A unifying principle has emerged: adhesion requires synergy chemistry topology connection, mechanics dissipation. This characterizes (another hydrogel, tissue, elastomer, plastic, metal, glass, ceramic) operations (cast, coat, print, attach, pierce, glue). Strong can be made permanent, reversible, degradable, on‐demand detachable. development its applications adheres disciplines, discovers interlinks, forges cohesion. Discussed throughout review are immediate opportunities for studies practical

Language: Английский

---

Soft Materials by Design: Unconventional Polymer Networks Give Extreme Properties

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 121(8), P. 4309 - 4372

Published: April 12, 2021

Hydrogels are polymer networks infiltrated with water. Many biological hydrogels in animal bodies such as muscles, heart valves, cartilages, and tendons possess extreme mechanical properties including being extremely tough, strong, resilient, adhesive, fatigue-resistant. These also critical for hydrogels' diverse applications ranging from drug delivery, tissue engineering, medical implants, wound dressings, contact lenses to sensors, actuators, electronic devices, optical batteries, water harvesters, soft robots. Whereas numerous have been developed over the last few decades, a set of general principles that can rationally guide design using different materials fabrication methods various remain central need field materials. This review is aimed at synergistically reporting: (i) achieve physical properties, (ii) implementation strategies unconventional networks, (iii) future directions orthogonal multiple combined mechanical, physical, chemical, properties. Because these based on generic they applicable other elastomers organogels. Overall, will not only provide comprehensive systematic guidelines rational materials, but provoke interdisciplinary discussions fundamental question: why does nature select constitute major parts bodies?

Language: Английский

---

Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 5211 - 5295

Published: March 9, 2023

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and improve quality of life in the era digitalization big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible are developed overcome limitations conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement bench-side research over last decade, market adoption remains limited. To ease expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering maturation propose promising solutions. We first analyze achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications then summarize issues compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions powering connecting sensor networks. Issues en route commercialization sustainable growth sector also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns emphasizing nontechnical such as business, regulatory, ethical considerations. Additionally, look at future intelligent sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, hope steer efforts towards common goals guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner capitalized betterment humanity.

Language: Английский

---

Catechol-functionalized hydrogels: biomimetic design, adhesion mechanism, and biomedical applications

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 49(2), P. 433 - 464

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Hydrogels are a unique class of polymeric materials that possess an interconnected porous network across various length scales from nano- to macroscopic dimensions and exhibit remarkable structure-derived properties, including high surface area, accommodating matrix, inherent flexibility, controllable mechanical strength, excellent biocompatibility. Strong robust adhesion between hydrogels substrates is highly desirable for their integration into subsequent performance in biomedical devices systems. However, the adhesive behavior severely weakened by large amount water interacts with groups reducing interfacial interactions. The challenges developing tough hydrogel-solid interfaces bonding wet conditions analogous problems solved marine organisms. Inspired mussel adhesion, variety catechol-functionalized have been developed, opening door design multi-functional platforms. This review structured give comprehensive overview starting fundamental underwater followed synthetic approaches fabrication techniques, as well characterization methods, finally practical applications tissue repair regeneration, antifouling antimicrobial applications, drug delivery, cell encapsulation delivery. Insights on these topics will provide rational guidelines using nature's blueprints develop hydrogel advanced functionalities uncompromised properties.

Language: Английский

---

Cellulose‐Based Flexible Functional Materials for Emerging Intelligent Electronics

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 33(28)

Published: April 20, 2020

Abstract There is currently enormous and growing demand for flexible electronics personalized mobile equipment, human–machine interface units, wearable medical‐healthcare systems, bionic intelligent robots. Cellulose a well‐known natural biopolymer that has multiple advantages including low cost, renewability, easy processability, biodegradability, as well appealing mechanical performance, dielectricity, piezoelectricity, convertibility. Because of its merits, cellulose frequently used substrate, binder, dielectric layer, gel electrolyte, derived carbon material electronic devices. Leveraging the to design advanced functional materials will have significant impact on portable electronics. Herein, unique molecular structure nanostructures (nanocrystals, nanofibers, nanosheets, etc.) are briefly introduced, structure–property–application relationships cellulosic summarized, processing technologies fabricating cellulose‐based considered. The focus then turns recent advances toward emerging devices sensors, optoelectronic devices, field‐effect transistors, nanogenerators, electrochemical energy storage biomimetic skins, biological detection Finally, an outlook potential challenges future prospects developing bioelectronic systems presented.

Language: Английский

---