Extracellular vesicle-loaded hydrogels for tissue repair and regeneration

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18, P. 100522 - 100522

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a collective term for nanoscale or microscale secreted by cells that play important biological roles. Mesenchymal stem class of with the potential self-healing and multidirectional differentiation. In recent years, numerous studies have shown EVs, especially those mesenchymal cells, can promote repair regeneration various tissues and, thus, significant in regenerative medicine. However, due to rapid clearance capacity circulatory system, EVs barely able act persistently at specific sites target tissues. Hydrogels good biocompatibility loose porous structural properties allow them serve as EV carriers, thereby prolonging retention certain areas slowing release EVs. When needed function sites, EV-loaded hydrogels stand an excellent approach. this review, we first introduce sources, roles, extraction characterization methods describe their current application status. We then review different types discuss factors influencing abilities carry summarize several strategies loading into characterizing hydrogels. Furthermore, applications tissue repair. This article concludes summary state research on outlook future directions, which hope will provide promising ideas researchers.

Language: Английский

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Hyaluronan-based hydrogel integrating exosomes for traumatic brain injury repair by promoting angiogenesis and neurogenesis

Carbohydrate Polymers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 306, P. 120578 - 120578

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Porous microneedle patch with sustained delivery of extracellular vesicles mitigates severe spinal cord injury

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 7, 2023

Abstract The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells-derived secretome, particularly extracellular vesicles is a promising therapy to suppress spinal cord injury-triggered neuroinflammation. However, efficient delivery the injured cord, with minimal damage, remains challenge. Here we present device for treat injury. We show that incorporating cells and porous microneedles enables vesicles. demonstrate topical application lesion beneath dura, does not damage lesion. evaluate efficacy our in contusive injury model find it reduces cavity scar tissue formation, promotes angiogenesis, improves survival nearby tissues axons. Importantly, sustained at least 7 days results significant functional recovery. Thus, provides an platform treatment.

Language: Английский

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Multifunctional naturally derived bioadhesives: From strategic molecular design toward advanced biomedical applications

Progress in Polymer Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 101792 - 101792

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

In the last decades, adhesives derived from natural resources (i.e., bioadhesives) have emerged as promising alternative to standard wound closure devices, including sutures, clips, and strips, owing relatively easy rapid application, minimal tissue damage, fast hemostasis, ability decrease risk of infection. Various synthetic materials been utilized bioadhesives. These find extensive application in various biomedical fields, ranging simple sealing controlled drug delivery, regeneration, noninvasive therapy. Considering weak underwater adhesion, degradability, biological performances adhesives, naturally derived-based are more attractive. The first generation these bioadhesives provided primarily only one function. Moreover, they had issues long curing time, slow high degradation rate, low mechanical properties, transferring contamination wound. chemically genetically engineered strategies applied advance their multifunctionality. synergy bonding chemistry, topography, mechanics dissipation structure supports improved adhesion rate. developed that cover subjects innovative biomaterial synthesis or functionalization cutting-edge manufacturing processes. However, fulfill all criteria an ideal bioadhesive for clinical applications, efforts should be devoted investigating surface characteristics target tissues long-term relationship between physiochemical properties polymers cohesion mechanisms, well adhesive functionality. This review outlines recent progress on naturally-derived bioadhesives, proteins polysaccharides, focusing designing approaches based engineering strategies, development, applications. Furthermore, challenges current studies summarized show future perspectives developing bioengineered high-performance use.

Language: Английский

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Hydrogel-exosome system in tissue engineering: A promising therapeutic strategy

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 1 - 30

Published: April 23, 2024

Characterized by their pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication, cell proliferation, and immune regulation during tissue repair, exosomes have emerged as a promising avenue for "cell-free therapy" clinical applications. Hydrogels, possessing commendable biocompatibility, degradability, adjustability, physical properties akin to biological tissues, also found extensive utility engineering regenerative repair. The synergistic combination of hydrogels holds the potential not only enhance efficiency but collaboratively advance repair process. This review has summarized advancements made over past decade research hydrogel-exosome systems regenerating various tissues including skin, bone, cartilage, nerves tendons, with focus on methods encapsulating releasing within hydrogels. It critically examined gaps limitations current research, whilst proposed future directions applications this innovative approach.

Language: Английский

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Exosome-mediated repair of spinal cord injury: a promising therapeutic strategy

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic to the central nervous system (CNS) that can lead sensory and motor dysfunction, which seriously affects patients' quality of life imposes major economic burden on society. The pathological process SCI divided into primary secondary injury, cascade amplified responses triggered by injury. Due complexity mechanisms SCI, there no clear effective treatment strategy in clinical practice. Exosomes, are extracellular vesicles endoplasmic origin with diameter 30–150 nm, play critical role intercellular communication have become an ideal vehicle for drug delivery. A growing body evidence suggests exosomes great potential repairing SCI. In this review, we introduce exosome preparation, functions, administration routes. addition, summarize effect mechanism various repair review efficacy combination other strategies Finally, challenges prospects use described.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic reprogramming and therapeutic resistance in primary and metastatic breast cancer

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Nov. 21, 2024

Metabolic alterations, a hallmark of cancer, enable tumor cells to adapt their environment by modulating glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, which fuels rapid growth contributes treatment resistance. In primary breast metabolic shifts such as the Warburg effect enhanced lipid synthesis are closely linked chemotherapy failure. Similarly, metastatic lesions often display distinct profiles that not only sustain but also confer resistance targeted therapies immunotherapies. The review emphasizes two major aspects: mechanisms driving in both how unique environments sites further complicate treatment. By targeting vulnerabilities at stages, new strategies could improve efficacy existing provide better outcomes for cancer patients.

Language: Английский

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Role of hypoxia preconditioning in therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem-cell-derived extracellular vesicles

World Journal of Stem Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 453 - 472

Published: July 26, 2022

The use of mesenchymal stem-cells (MSC) in cell therapy has received considerable attention because their properties. These properties include high expansion and differentiation vitro, low immunogenicity, modulation biological processes, such as inflammation, angiogenesis hematopoiesis. Curiously, the regenerative effect MSC is partly due to paracrine activity. This prompted numerous studies, investigate therapeutic potential secretome general, specifically extracellular vesicles (EV). latter contain proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, other metabolites, which can cause physiological changes when released into recipient cells. Interestingly, contents EV be modulated by preconditioning under different culture conditions. Among them, exposure hypoxia stands out; these cells respond activating hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) at O2 concentrations. HIF direct indirect pleiotropic effects, modulating expression hundreds genes involved processes migration, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, metabolism, apoptosis. Expression reflected secreted EV. studies show that MSC-derived conditioned have a higher capacity than those obtained normoxia. In this review, we implications responses relation tissue regeneration. addition, being evaluated very attractive strategy for isolation EV, with clinical medicine applied pathologies.

Language: Английский

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Multiplexed strategies toward clinical translation of extracellular vesicles

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(15), P. 6740 - 6761

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), of which exosomes are a representative subgroup, naturally secreted nanoparticles with variety payloads.With the intrinsic merits stability, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and large capacity, EVs widely regarded as effective carriers drug delivery.However, disadvantages, such yield, complicated isolation procedures, loading efficiency, hinder its clinical translation.In this review, we systematically summarize advances in EV (especially exosomes) engineering for application, focusing on strategies toward high facile isolation, efficient cargo loading, improved delivery, optimized manufacturing, might unleash infinite power translation.

Language: Английский

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Neural stem cell-derived exosomes and regeneration: cell-free therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 8, 2023

Abstract Regenerative repair of the brain after traumatic injury (TBI) remains an extensive clinical challenge, inspiring intensified interest in therapeutic approaches to explore superior strategies. Exosome therapy is another research hotspot following stem cell alternative therapy. Prior verified that exosomes produced by neural cells can participate physiological and pathological changes associated with TBI have potential neuroregulatory functions. In comparison their parental cells, stability immune tolerance lower tumorigenic risk. addition, they readily penetrate blood‒brain barrier, which makes treatment efficiency transplanted cells. Exosomes secreted present a promising strategy for development novel regenerative therapies. Their tissue regeneration immunomodulatory made them encouraging candidates repair. The review addresses challenges, applications mechanisms regenerating damaged brains.

Language: Английский

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