Successful Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes: Inoculation Methods and Abiotic Factors

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

Plant-microbe interactions have been the subject of several biotechnological studies, seeking sustainable development and environmental conservation. The inoculation plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPM) in agricultural crops is considered an environmental-friendly alternative to chemical fertilization. Microbial inoculants are mainly inoculated onto seeds, roots soil. PGPM improve growth by enhancing availability nutrients, regulation phytohormones, increasing tolerance against biotic abiotic stresses. One main obstacles with research inconsistent results, which may be result methods factors, such as soil (nutrient or heavy metal contents pH), water availability, light intensity temperature. This review addresses how act on growth, what mechanisms they use survive under stressful conditions, factors can interfere success microbial plants, serving a basis for plants-microorganisms interaction.

Language: Английский

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Root plasticity under abiotic stress

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 187(3), P. 1057 - 1070

Published: Aug. 30, 2021

Abiotic stresses increasingly threaten existing ecological and agricultural systems across the globe. Plant roots perceive these in soil adapt their architecture accordingly. This review provides insights into recent discoveries showing importance of root system (RSA) plasticity for survival development plants under heat, cold, drought, salt, flooding stress. In addition, we molecular regulation hormonal pathways involved controlling RSA plasticity, main growth, branching lateral hair development, formation adventitious roots. Several affect anatomy by causing aerenchyma formation, lignin suberin deposition, Casparian strip modulation. Roots can also actively grow toward favorable conditions avoid environments detrimental to development. Recent advances understanding cellular mechanisms behind different tropisms are discussed. Understanding will be instrumental crops that resilient face abiotic

Language: Английский

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The root microbiome: Community assembly and its contributions to plant fitness

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 64(2), P. 230 - 243

Published: Jan. 14, 2022

The root microbiome refers to the community of microbes living in association with a plant's roots, and includes mutualists, pathogens, commensals. Here we focus on recent advances study commensal which is major research object microbiome-related researches. With rapid development new technologies, plant-commensal interactions can be explored unprecedented breadth depth. Both soil environment host plant drive assembly. bulk seed bank potential commensals, plants use exudates immune responses build healthy microbial communities from available microbes. extends functional system by participating variety processes, including nutrient absorption, growth promotion, resistance biotic abiotic stresses. Plants their microbiomes have evolved adaptation strategies over time. However, there still huge gap our understanding regulatory mechanisms interactions. In this review, summarize assembly effects these development, look at prospects for promoting sustainable agricultural through microbiome.

Language: Английский

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PGPR Mediated Alterations in Root Traits: Way Toward Sustainable Crop Production

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Jan. 8, 2021

The above ground growth of the plant is highly dependent on belowground root system. Rhizosphere zone continuous interplay between roots and soil microbial communities. Plants, through exudates, attract rhizosphere microorganisms to colonize surface internal tissues. Many these known as promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improve several direct indirect mechanisms including biological nitrogen fixation, nutrient solubilization, disease-control. PGPR, by producing phytohormones, volatile organic compounds, secondary metabolites play important role in influencing architecture growth, resulting increased area for exchange other effects. PGPR also resource use efficiency system improving functioning at physiological levels. mediated trait alterations can contribute agroecosystem crop stand, efficiency, stress tolerance, structure etc. Thus, capable modulating traits agricultural sustainability be used a primary criterion selection potential strains. Available studies emphasize morphological assess effect PGPR. However, influenced various external factors may give varying results. Therefore, it understand pathways genes involved signals/metabolites that intercept and/or intersect traits. advanced tools technologies help decipher determinants affecting Further identification based determinants/signaling molecules regulating open up new avenues research. present review updates recent knowledge influence functional its benefits agro-ecosystem. Efforts have been made bacterial signals/determinants regulatory expression their prospects sustainable agriculture. will helpful providing future directions researchers working functioning.

Language: Английский

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Insights into the Interactions among Roots, Rhizosphere, and Rhizobacteria for Improving Plant Growth and Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: A Review

Cells, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 1551 - 1551

Published: June 19, 2021

Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, variations in temperature, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, are antagonistic to plant growth development, resulting an overall decrease yield. These stresses have direct effects on the rhizosphere, thus severely affect root growth, thereby affecting health, productivity. However, growth-promoting rhizobacteria that colonize rhizosphere/endorhizosphere protect roots from adverse of abiotic stress facilitate by various indirect mechanisms. In plants constantly interacting with thousands these microorganisms, yet it is not very clear when how complex root, interactions occur under stresses. Therefore, present review attempts focus root-rhizosphere rhizobacterial respond interactions, role Further, focuses underlying mechanisms employed for improving architecture tolerance

Language: Английский

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Effects of Abiotic Stress on Soil Microbiome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(16), P. 9036 - 9036

Published: Aug. 21, 2021

Rhizospheric organisms have a unique manner of existence since many factors can influence the shape microbiome. As we all know, harnessing interaction between soil microbes and plants is critical for sustainable agriculture ecosystems. We achieve agricultural practice by incorporating plant-microbiome as positive technology. The contribution this has piqued interest experts, who plan to do more research using beneficial microorganism in order accomplish vision. Plants engage wide range interrelationship with microorganism, spanning entire spectrum ecological potential which be mutualistic, commensal, neutral, exploitative, or competitive. Mutualistic found plant-associated microbial communities assist their host number ways. Many studies demonstrated that microbiome may provide significant advantages plant. However, various conditions (pH, temperature, oxygen, physics-chemistry moisture), environments (drought, submergence, metal toxicity salinity), plant types/genotype, practices result distinct composition characteristics, well its mechanism promote development defence against these stressors. In paper, an in-depth overview how above are able affect structure change below ground interactions. Future prospects will also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Rewetting of soil: Revisiting the origin of soil CO2 emissions

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 107819 - 107819

Published: April 11, 2020

Language: Английский

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Coordination of microbe–host homeostasis by crosstalk with plant innate immunity

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(6), P. 814 - 825

Published: May 24, 2021

Plants grown in natural soil are colonized by phylogenetically structured communities of microbes known as the microbiota. Individual can activate microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP)-triggered immunity (MTI), which limits pathogen proliferation but curtails plant growth, a phenomenon growth-defence trade-off. Here, we report that, monoassociations, 41% (62 out 151) taxonomically diverse root bacterial commensals suppress Arabidopsis thaliana growth inhibition (RGI) triggered immune-stimulating MAMPs or damage-associated patterns. Amplicon sequencing 16S rRNA genes reveals that immune activation alters profile synthetic (SynComs) comprising RGI-non-suppressive strains, whereas presence RGI-suppressive strains attenuates this effect. Root colonization SynComs with different complexities and activities expression 174 core host genes, functions related to development nutrient transport. Furthermore, specifically downregulate subset immune-related genes. Precolonization plants SynComs, mutation one commensal-downregulated transcription factor, MYB15, renders more susceptible opportunistic Pseudomonas pathogens. Our results suggest modulate susceptibility pathogens either eliciting dampening MTI responses, respectively. This interplay buffers system against perturbation defence-associated inhibition, ultimately leading commensal-host homeostasis.

Language: Английский

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Trends in Microbial Community Composition and Function by Soil Depth

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 540 - 540

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

Microbial communities play important roles in soil health, contributing to processes such as the turnover of organic matter and nutrient cycling. As edaphic properties chemical composition physical structure change from surface layers deeper ones, microbiome similarly exhibits substantial variability with depth, respect both community functional profiles. However, studies often neglect soils, instead focusing on top layer soil. Here, we provide a synthesis how its resident depth. We touch upon physicochemical properties, microbial diversity, composition, profiles, special emphasis carbon In doing so, seek highlight importance incorporating analyses soils studies.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Synthetic Microbial Communities (SynCom) in Sustainable Agriculture

Frontiers in Agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: June 30, 2022

Modern agriculture faces several challenges due to climate change, limited resources, and land degradation. Plant-associated soil microbes harbor beneficial plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits that can be used address some of these challenges. These are often formulated as inoculants for many crops. However, inconsistent productivity a problem since the performance individual inoculants/microbes vary with environmental conditions. Over past decade, ability utilize Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) approaches has led an explosion information regarding associated microbiomes. Although this type work been predominantly sequence-based descriptive in nature, increasingly it is moving towards microbiome functionality. The synthetic microbial communities (SynCom) approach emerging technique involves co-culturing multiple taxa under well-defined conditions mimic structure function microbiome. SynCom hopes increase community stability through synergistic interactions between its members. This review will focus on plant-soil-microbiome how they have potential improve crop production. Current formulation discussed, practical application considered.

Language: Английский

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