Alzheimer's disease

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 368(9533), P. 387 - 403

Published: July 1, 2006

Language: Английский

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Melatonin

FEBS Journal, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 273(13), P. 2813 - 2838

Published: June 15, 2006

Melatonin is a ubiquitous molecule and widely distributed in nature, with functional activity occurring unicellular organisms, plants, fungi animals. In most vertebrates, including humans, melatonin synthesized primarily the pineal gland regulated by environmental light/dark cycle via suprachiasmatic nucleus. Pinealocytes function as 'neuroendocrine transducers' to secrete during dark phase of and, consequently, often called 'hormone darkness'. principally secreted at night centrally involved sleep regulation, well number other cyclical bodily activities. exclusively signaling 'time day' year' (hence considered help both clock calendar functions) all tissues thus be body's chronological pacemaker or 'Zeitgeber'. Synthesis also occurs areas body, retina, gastrointestinal tract, skin, bone marrow lymphocytes, from which it may influence physiological functions through paracrine signaling. has been extracted seeds leaves plants its concentration some this material several orders magnitude higher than night-time plasma value humans. participates diverse functions. addition timekeeping functions, an effective antioxidant scavenges free radicals up-regulates enzymes. It strong antiapoptotic function, effect exerts even ischemia. Melatonin's cytoprotective properties have practical implications treatment neurodegenerative diseases. immune-enhancing oncostatic properties. Its 'chronobiotic' shown treating various circadian rhythm disorders, such jet lag shift-work disorder. acting 'internal facilitator' promotes sleep, melatonin's sleep-facilitating found useful for insomnia symptoms elderly depressive patients. A recently introduced analog, agomelatine, efficient major disorder bipolar affective role 'photoperiodic molecule' seasonal reproduction established photoperiodic species, although regulatory humans remains under investigation. Taken together, evidence implicates broad range effects significant over many

Language: Английский

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Melatonin—A pleiotropic, orchestrating regulator molecule

Progress in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 93(3), P. 350 - 384

Published: Dec. 29, 2010

Language: Английский

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Neuropathogenesis of Delirium: Review of Current Etiologic Theories and Common Pathways

American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 21(12), P. 1190 - 1222

Published: Nov. 8, 2013

Language: Английский

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Involvement of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer Disease

Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 65(7), P. 631 - 641

Published: July 1, 2006

Genetic and lifestyle-related risk factors for Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with an increase in oxidative stress, suggesting that stress is involved at early stage of the pathologic cascade. Moreover, mechanistically chronologically other key features AD, namely, metabolic, mitochondrial, metal, cell-cycle abnormalities. Contrary to commonly held notion hallmarks AD signify etiology, several lines evidence now indicate aggregation amyloid-β tau a compensatory response underlying stress. Therefore, removal proteinaceous accumulations may treat epiphenomenon rather than actually enhance damage. Although some antioxidants have been shown reduce incidence magnitude effect be modified by individual such as genetic predisposition (e.g. apolipoprotein E genotype) habitual behaviors. Because caloric restriction, exercise, intellectual activity experimentally promote neuronal survival through enhancement endogenous antioxidant defenses, combination dietary regimen low total calorie rich nutrients maintaining physical activities ultimately prove one most efficacious strategies prevention.

Language: Английский

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The redox chemistry of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid β peptide

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 1768(8), P. 1976 - 1990

Published: Feb. 10, 2007

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress hypothesis in Alzheimer’s disease: a reappraisal

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 29(12), P. 609 - 615

Published: Oct. 5, 2008

Language: Английский

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The circadian clock and pathology of the ageing brain

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 325 - 335

Published: March 7, 2012

Language: Английский

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Mechanism of Oxidative Stress and Synapse Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease: Understanding the Therapeutics Strategies

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 648 - 661

Published: Dec. 16, 2014

Language: Английский

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A survey of molecular details in the human pineal gland in the light of phylogeny, structure, function and chronobiological diseases

Journal of Pineal Research, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 51(1), P. 17 - 43

Published: April 4, 2011

Abstract: The human pineal gland is a neuroendocrine transducer that forms an integral part of the brain. Through nocturnally elevated synthesis and release neurohormone melatonin, encodes disseminates information on circadian time, thus coupling outside world to biochemical physiological internal demands body. Approaches better understand molecular details behind rhythmic signalling in are limited but implicitly warranted, as chronobiological dysfunctions often associated with alterations melatonin synthesis. Current knowledge based minimally invasive analyses, by comparison events between different vertebrate species, emphasis put data acquired sheep other primates. Together investigations using autoptic tissue, remnant silhouette premortem dynamics within hormone's biosynthesis pathway can be constructed. detected scenario generation positions surprisingly isolated. In this brain structure, protein-protein interactions nucleo-cytoplasmic protein shuttling indicate furthermore novel twist cells structure. These findings have seen light impaired observed elderly and/or demented patients, individuals affected Alzheimer's disease, Smith–Magenis syndrome, autism spectrum disorder sleep phase disorders. Already, recent advances understanding significantly helped counteract through proper restoration nocturnal surge.

Language: Английский

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