Immunogenicity of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Pregnant and Lactating Women

JAMA, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 325(23), P. 2370 - 2370

Published: May 13, 2021

Pregnant women are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 but have been excluded the phase 3 vaccine trials. Data on safety immunogenicity in these populations therefore limited.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: May 3, 2022

Abstract With the constantly mutating of SARS-CoV-2 and emergence Variants Concern (VOC), implementation vaccination is critically important. Existing vaccines mainly include inactivated, live attenuated, viral vector, protein subunit, RNA, DNA, virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines. Viral vector vaccines, subunit mRNA may induce additional cellular or humoral immune regulations, including Th cell responses germinal center responses, form relevant memory cells, greatly improving their efficiency. However, some be associated with complications like thrombocytopenia myocarditis, raising concerns about safety these COVID-19 Here, we systemically assess efficacy possible different effects on pregnant women, elderly, people diseases acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), transplant recipients, cancer patients. Based current analysis, governments agencies are recommended to continue advance vaccine immunization process. Simultaneously, special attention should paid health status timely treatment complications, development, ensuring lives In addition, available measures such as mix-and-match vaccination, developing new nanoparticle optimizing adjuvant improve could considered.

Language: Английский

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Covid‐19 vaccines and variants of concern: A review

Reviews in Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 32(4)

Published: Nov. 9, 2021

Abstract Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) in December 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), number confirmed infections has risen to more than 242 million worldwide, with nearly 5 deaths. Currently, nine Covid‐19 vaccine candidates based on original Wuhan‐Hu‐1 strain are at forefront research. All had an efficacy over 50% against symptomatic disease: NVX‐CoV2373 (∼96%), BNT162b2 (∼95%), mRNA‐1273 (∼94%), Sputnik V (∼92%), AZD1222 (∼81%), BBIBP‐CorV (∼79%), Covaxin (∼78%), Ad26.CoV.S (∼66%) and CoronaVac (∼51%). However, (VE) can be jeopardised rapid emergence spread SARS‐CoV‐2 variants concern (VOCs) that could escape from neutralising antibodies and/or cell‐mediated immunity. Rare adverse events have also been reported soon after administration viral vector mRNA vaccines. Although many vaccines developed, additional effective still needed meet global demand. Promising such as WIBP‐CorV, AD5‐nCOV, ZyCoV‐D, CVnCoV, EpiVacCorona ZF2001 advanced clinical studies. This review describes most relevant mutations spike protein, discusses VE VOCs, presents rare vaccination introduces some promising candidates.

Language: Английский

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Immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in humans

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 596(7871), P. 268 - 272

Published: June 9, 2021

Abstract The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine 1–3 has demonstrated clinical efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19, including the B.1.351 variant that is partially resistant to neutralizing antibodies 1 . However, immunogenicity of this in humans SARS-CoV-2 variants concern remains unclear. Here we report humoral and cellular immune responses from 20 vaccinated individuals COV1001 phase I–IIa trial 2 original strain WA1/2020 as well B.1.1.7, CAL.20C, P.1 concern. induced median pseudovirus antibody titres were 5.0-fold 3.3-fold lower variants, respectively, compared with on day 71 after vaccination. Median binding 2.9-fold 2.7-fold WA1/2020. Antibody-dependent phagocytosis, complement deposition natural killer cell activation largely preserved variant. CD8 CD4 T responses, central effector memory comparable among WA1/2020, B.1.351, CAL.20C variants. These data show by reduced but functional non-neutralizing findings have implications for protection

Language: Английский

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Adjuvanting a subunit COVID-19 vaccine to induce protective immunity

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 594(7862), P. 253 - 258

Published: April 19, 2021

Language: Английский

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Immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine for COVID-19

JAMA, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 325(15), P. 1535 - 1535

Published: March 11, 2021

Control of the global COVID-19 pandemic will require development and deployment safe effective vaccines.To evaluate immunogenicity Ad26.COV2.S vaccine (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson) in humans, including kinetics, magnitude, phenotype SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific humoral cellular immune responses.Twenty-five participants were enrolled from July 29, 2020, to August 7, follow-up for this day 71 interim analysis was completed on October 3, 2020; assess durability continue 2 years. This study conducted at a single clinical site Boston, Massachusetts, as part randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 trial Ad26.COV2.S.Participants randomized receive or intramuscular injections with 5 × 1010 viral particles 1011 placebo administered 57 (5 each group).Humoral responses included binding neutralizing antibody multiple time points following immunization. Cellular immunospot-based intracellular cytokine staining assays measure T-cell (median age, 42; age range, 22-52; 52% women, 44% male, 4% undifferentiated), all through end point. Binding antibodies emerged rapidly by 8 after initial immunization 90% 25% recipients, respectively. By 57, detected 100% recipients On 71, geometric mean titers 2432 5729 242 449 vaccinated groups. A variety subclasses, Fc receptor properties, antiviral functions induced. CD4+ CD8+ induced.In study, induced rapid neutralization well responses. Two 3 trials are currently underway determine efficacy vaccine.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04436276.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 467 - 467

Published: May 6, 2021

The current study systematically reviewed, summarized and meta-analyzed the clinical features of vaccines in trials to provide a better estimate their efficacy, side effects immunogenicity. All relevant publications were searched collected from major databases up 12 March 2021. A total 25 RCTs (123 datasets), 58,889 cases that received COVID-19 vaccine 46,638 controls who placebo included meta-analysis. In total, mRNA-based adenovirus-vectored had 94.6% (95% CI 0.936–0.954) 80.2% 0.56–0.93) efficacy phase II/III RCTs, respectively. Efficacy after first (97.6%; 95% 0.939–0.997) second (98.2%; 0.980–0.984) doses was highest against receptor-binding domain (RBD) antigen 3 weeks injections. level reported except for diarrhea arthralgia. Aluminum-adjuvanted lowest systemic local between vaccines’ adjuvant or without adjuvant, injection site redness. showed doses, higher effects. Remarkably few experienced extreme adverse all stimulated robust immune responses.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Immunosuppression on the Immunogenicity of mRNA Vaccines to SARS-CoV-2

Annals of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 174(11), P. 1572 - 1585

Published: Aug. 30, 2021

Patients with chronic inflammatory disease (CID) treated immunosuppressive medications have increased risk for severe COVID-19. Although mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination provides protection in immunocompetent persons, immunogenicity immunosuppressed patients CID is unclear.To determine the of vaccines CID.Prospective observational cohort study.Two U.S. referral centers.Volunteer sample adults confirmed eligible early COVID-19 vaccination, including hospital employees any age and older than 65 years. Immunocompetent participants were recruited separately from employees. All received 2 doses mRNA vaccine against between 10 December 2020 20 March 2021. Participants assessed within weeks before days after final vaccination.Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) IgG+ binding all participants, neutralizing antibody titers circulating S-specific plasmablasts a subset to assess humoral response vaccination.Most 133 (88.7%) 53 developed antibodies although some numerically lower anti-S IgG. Anti-S IgG receiving glucocorticoids (n = 17) those not them; geometric mean was 357 (95% CI, 96 1324) prednisone versus 2190 (CI, 1598 3002) it. also B-cell depletion therapy (BCDT) 10). Measures differed who antimetabolites 48), tumor necrosis factor inhibitors 39), Janus kinase 11); however, 95% CIs wide overlapped. Neutralization seemed generally consistent results. Results adjusted differences baseline clinical factors, other immunosuppressant therapies.Small that lacked demographic diversity, residual confounding.Compared nonusers, BCDT seem vaccine-induced responses. These preliminary findings require confirmation larger study.The Leona M. Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, Marcus Program Precision Medicine Innovation, National Center Advancing Translational Sciences, Institute Arthritis Musculoskeletal Skin Diseases.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines

Cochrane library, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2023(3)

Published: Dec. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Prospects for durable immune control of SARS-CoV-2 and prevention of reinfection

Nature reviews. Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. 395 - 404

Published: April 29, 2021

Language: Английский

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