The two‐process model of sleep regulation: a reappraisal

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 131 - 143

Published: Jan. 14, 2016

In the last three decades two-process model of sleep regulation has served as a major conceptual framework in research. It been applied widely studies on fatigue and performance to dissect individual differences regulation. The posits that homeostatic process (Process S) interacts with controlled by circadian pacemaker C), time-courses derived from physiological behavioural variables. simulates successfully timing intensity diverse experimental protocols. Electrophysiological recordings suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) suggest S C interact continuously. Oscillators outside SCN are linked energy metabolism evident SCN-lesioned arrhythmic animals subjected restricted feeding or methamphetamine administration, well human subjects during internal desynchronization. intact these peripheral oscillators may dissociate central rhythm. A sleep/fast wake/feed phase segregate antagonistic anabolic catabolic metabolic processes tissues. deficiency Process was proposed account for both depressive disturbances antidepressant effect deprivation. supported development novel non-pharmacological treatment paradigms psychiatry, based manipulating phase, light exposure. conclusion, remains conceptually useful promoting integration rhythm Sleep appears have not only short-term, use-dependent function; it also serves enforce rest fasting, thereby supporting optimization at appropriate 24-h cycle.

Language: Английский

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Transkingdom Control of Microbiota Diurnal Oscillations Promotes Metabolic Homeostasis

Cell, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 159(3), P. 514 - 529

Published: Oct. 1, 2014

Language: Английский

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The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 99(3), P. 1325 - 1380

Published: March 28, 2019

Sleep and immunity are bidirectionally linked. Immune system activation alters sleep, sleep in turn affects the innate adaptive arm of our body’s defense system. Stimulation immune by microbial challenges triggers an inflammatory response, which, depending on its magnitude time course, can induce increase duration intensity, but also a disruption sleep. Enhancement during infection is assumed to feedback promote host defense. Indeed, various parameters, associated with reduced risk, improve outcome vaccination responses. The induction hormonal constellation that supports functions one likely mechanism underlying immune-supporting effects In absence infectious challenge, appears homeostasis through several mediators, such as cytokines. This notion supported findings prolonged deficiency (e.g., short duration, disturbance) lead chronic, systemic low-grade inflammation diseases have component, like diabetes, atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration. Here, we review available data this regulatory sleep-immune crosstalk, point out methodological challenges, suggest questions open for future research.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and human NAFLD: disentangling microbial signatures from metabolic disorders

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 279 - 297

Published: March 9, 2020

Language: Английский

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Sleep and Athletic Performance: The Effects of Sleep Loss on Exercise Performance, and Physiological and Cognitive Responses to Exercise

Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 45(2), P. 161 - 186

Published: Oct. 14, 2014

Language: Английский

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Circadian Rhythm and Sleep Disruption: Causes, Metabolic Consequences, and Countermeasures

Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 37(6), P. 584 - 608

Published: Oct. 20, 2016

Abstract Circadian (∼24-hour) timing systems pervade all kingdoms of life and temporally optimize behavior physiology in humans. Relatively recent changes to our environments, such as the introduction artificial lighting, can disorganize circadian system, from level molecular clocks that regulate cellular activities synchronization between daily cycles solar day. Sleep/wake are intertwined with global trends indicate these, too, increasingly subject disruption. A large proportion world's population is at increased risk environmentally driven rhythm sleep disruption, a minority individuals also genetically predisposed misalignment disorders. The consequences disruption system profound include myriad metabolic ramifications, some which may be compounded by adverse effects on dietary choices. If not addressed, deleterious will continue cause widespread health problems; therefore, implementation numerous behavioral pharmaceutical interventions help restore alignment enhance important.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin, energy metabolism, and obesity: a review

Journal of Pineal Research, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 56(4), P. 371 - 381

Published: March 21, 2014

Abstract Melatonin is an old and ubiquitous molecule in nature showing multiple mechanisms of action functions practically every living organism. In mammals, pineal melatonin as a hormone chronobiotic, playing major role the regulation circadian temporal internal order. The anti‐obesogen weight‐reducing effects depend on several actions. Experimental evidence demonstrates that necessary for proper synthesis, secretion, insulin. acts by regulating GLUT 4 expression and/or triggering, via its G‐protein‐coupled membrane receptors, phosphorylation insulin receptor intracellular substrates mobilizing insulin‐signaling pathway. powerful chronobiotic being responsible, part, daily distribution metabolic processes so activity/feeding phase day associated with high sensitivity, rest/fasting synchronized to insulin‐resistant day. Furthermore, responsible establishment adequate energy balance mainly flow from stores directly expenditure through activation brown adipose tissue participating browning process white tissue. reduction production, during aging, shift‐work or illuminated environments night, induces resistance, glucose intolerance, sleep disturbance, disorganization characterizing state chronodisruption leading obesity. available supports suggestion replacement therapy might contribute restore more healthy

Language: Английский

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Widespread seasonal gene expression reveals annual differences in human immunity and physiology

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: May 12, 2015

Abstract Seasonal variations are rarely considered a contributing component to human tissue function or health, although many diseases and physiological process display annual periodicities. Here we find more than 4,000 protein-coding mRNAs in white blood cells adipose have seasonal expression profiles, with inverted patterns observed between Europe Oceania. We also the cellular composition of vary by season, these changes, which differ United Kingdom The Gambia, could explain gene periodicity. With regards function, immune system has profound pro-inflammatory transcriptomic profile during European winter, increased levels soluble IL-6 receptor C-reactive protein, risk biomarkers for cardiovascular, psychiatric autoimmune that peak incidences winter. Circannual rhythms thus require further exploration as contributors various aspects physiology disease.

Language: Английский

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Effect of sleep deprivation on the human metabolome

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 111(29), P. 10761 - 10766

Published: July 7, 2014

Significance Sleep restriction and circadian clock disruption are associated with metabolic disorders including obesity diabetes; this association can be studied by using the powerful tool of metabolomics. By liquid chromatography/MS metabolomics, we have characterized plasma metabolites that were significantly affected acute sleep deprivation (mainly lipids acylcarnitines), all increasing during deprivation. Observed increased levels serotonin, tryptophan, taurine may explain antidepressive effect deserve further study. Clear daily rhythms observed in most metabolites, 24 h wakefulness mainly reducing amplitude these rhythms. Our results understanding sleep/wake regulation processes, will vital when profiling to identify robust biomarkers for disease states drug efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Circadian clock control of endocrine factors

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 466 - 475

Published: May 27, 2014

Language: Английский

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