Recent advances in understanding secondary organic aerosol: Implications for global climate forcing

Reviews of Geophysics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 55(2), P. 509 - 559

Published: May 18, 2017

Abstract Anthropogenic emissions and land use changes have modified atmospheric aerosol concentrations size distributions over time. Understanding preindustrial conditions in organic due to anthropogenic activities is important because these features (1) influence estimates of radiative forcing (2) can confound the historical response climate increases greenhouse gases. Secondary (SOA), formed atmosphere by oxidation gases, represents a major fraction global submicron‐sized aerosol. Over past decade, significant advances understanding SOA properties formation mechanisms occurred through measurements, yet current models typically do not comprehensively include all processes. This review summarizes some developments during decade formation. We highlight importance processes that growth particles sizes relevant for clouds forcing, including extremely low volatility organics gas phase, acid‐catalyzed multiphase chemistry isoprene epoxydiols, particle‐phase oligomerization, physical such as viscosity. Several highlighted this are complex interdependent nonlinear effects on properties, formation, evolution SOA. Current neglect complexity nonlinearity thus less likely accurately predict project future sensitivity Efforts also needed rank most influential process‐related interactions, so be represented chemistry‐climate models.

Language: Английский

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Past climates inform our future

Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 370(6517)

Published: Nov. 6, 2020

The future in the past A major cause of uncertainties climate projections is our imprecise knowledge how much warming should occur as a result given increase amount carbon dioxide atmosphere. Paleoclimate records have potential to help us sharpen that understanding because they record such wide variety environmental conditions. Tierney et al. review recent advances data collection, statistics, and modeling might better understand rising levels atmospheric will affect climate. Science , this issue p. eaay3701

Language: Английский

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Improved 1 km resolution PM_2.5 estimates across China using enhanced space–time extremely randomized trees

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 3273 - 3289

Published: March 19, 2020

Abstract. Fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) has adverse effects on human health and the atmospheric environment. The estimation of surface PM2.5 concentrations made intensive use satellite-derived aerosol products. However, it been a great challenge to obtain high-quality high-resolution data from both ground satellite observations, which is essential monitor air pollution over small-scale areas such as metropolitan regions. Here, space–time extremely randomized trees (STET) model was enhanced by integrating updated spatiotemporal information additional auxiliary improve spatial resolution overall accuracy estimates across China. To this end, newly released Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Multi-Angle Implementation Atmospheric Correction AOD product, along meteorological, topographical land-use emissions, input STET model, daily 1 km maps for 2018 covering mainland China were produced. performed well, high out-of-sample (out-of-station) cross-validation coefficient determination (R2) 0.89 (0.88), low root-mean-square error 10.33 (10.93) µg m−3, small mean absolute 6.69 (7.15) m−3 relative 21.28 % (23.69 %). In particular, captured well at regional individual site scales. North Plain, Sichuan Basin Xinjiang Province always featured levels, especially in winter. outperformed most models presented previous related studies, strong predictive power (e.g., monthly R2=0.80), can be used estimate historical records. More importantly, study provides new approach obtaining dataset (i.e., ChinaHighPM2.5), important studies focused urban areas.

Language: Английский

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Bounding global aerosol radiative forcing of climate change

Published: March 9, 2020

<p>Aerosol radiative forcing plays an important role in the attribution of past climate changes, estimates future allowable carbon emissions, and assessment potential geoengineering solutions. Substantial progress made over 40 years observing, understanding, modelling aerosol processes helped quantify forcing, but uncertainties remain large.</p><p>In spring 2018, under auspices World Climate Research Programme's Grand Science Challenge on Clouds, Circulation Sensitivity, thirty-six experts gathered to take a fresh comprehensive look at present understanding identify prospects for some most pressing open questions. The outcome that meeting is review paper, Bellouin et al. (2019), accepted publication Reviews Geophysics. This provides new range industrial era based multiple, traceable arguable lines evidence, including approaches, theoretical considerations, observations. A substantial achievement focus evidence rather than survey results or expert judgement, make questions much more specific.</p><p>This talk will key messages arguments work show promise improving quantification forcing.</p>

Language: Английский

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Scattering and absorbing aerosols in the climate system

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(6), P. 363 - 379

Published: May 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Urban pollution greatly enhances formation of natural aerosols over the Amazon rainforest

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 5, 2019

One of the least understood aspects in atmospheric chemistry is how urban emissions influence formation natural organic aerosols, which affect Earth's energy budget. The Amazon rainforest, during its wet season, one few remaining places on Earth where transitions between preindustrial and urban-influenced conditions. Here, we integrate insights from several laboratory measurements simulate secondary aerosols (SOA) using a high-resolution chemical transport model. Simulations show that nitrogen-oxides Manaus, city ~2 million people, greatly enhance production biogenic SOA by 60-200% average with peak enhancements 400%, through increased oxidation gas-phase carbon emitted forests. Simulated agree aircraft measurements, are much larger than those reported over other locations. implication increasing anthropogenic future might substantially pristine locations like Amazon.

Language: Английский

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Improved Aerosol Processes and Effective Radiative Forcing in HadGEM3 and UKESM1

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 2786 - 2805

Published: Oct. 15, 2018

Abstract Aerosol processes and, in particular, aerosol‐cloud interactions cut across the traditional physical‐Earth system boundary of coupled Earth models and remain one key uncertainties estimating anthropogenic radiative forcing climate. Here we calculate historical aerosol effective (ERF) HadGEM3‐GA7 climate model order to assess suitability this for inclusion UK model, UKESM1. The ERF, calculated year 2000 relative 1850, is large negative standard GA7 leading an unrealistic total over twentieth century. We show how underlying assumptions missing both physical parameterizations lead ERF. A number improvements are investigated their impact on These include improved representation cloud droplet spectral dispersion, updates activation scheme, black carbon optical properties. One largest contributors uncertainty insufficient knowledge preindustrial evaluate contribution natural marine emissions dimethyl sulfide organic combination derived from these studies weakens ERF by up 50% original value leads a more line with assessed values.

Language: Английский

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Transport of Mineral Dust and Its Impact on Climate

Geosciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 151 - 151

Published: April 26, 2018

Mineral dust plays a pivotal role in the Earth’s system. Dust modulates global energy budget directly via its interactions with radiation and indirectly influence on cloud precipitation formation processes. is micro-nutrient fertilizer for ecosystems due to mineralogical composition thus impacts carbon cycle. Hence, aerosol an essential part of weather climate. suspended air determined by atmospheric cycle: sources emission processes define amount entrained into atmosphere. Atmospheric mixing circulation carry plumes remote places. Ultimately, particles are removed from atmosphere deposition such as gravitational settling rain wash out. During residence time, interacts resulting changes surface temperature, wind, clouds, rates. There still uncertainties regarding individual their relevance. key that inevitably influencing Earth budget. transport allows these at same intermittency introduces additional fluctuations complex challenging

Language: Английский

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Long-term aerosol climatology over Indo-Gangetic Plain: Trend, prediction and potential source fields

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 37 - 50

Published: Feb. 20, 2018

Language: Английский

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Comparison and evaluation of MODIS Multi-angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) aerosol product over South Asia

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 224, P. 12 - 28

Published: Feb. 9, 2019

Language: Английский

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