Juvenile hormones direct primordial germ cell migration to the embryonic gonad

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(3), P. 505 - 518.e6

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Germ cells are essential to sexual reproduction. Across the animal kingdom, extracellular signaling isoprenoids, such as retinoic acids (RAs) in vertebrates and juvenile hormones (JHs) invertebrates, facilitate multiple processes Here we investigated role of these potent molecules embryonic germ cell development, using JHs Drosophila melanogaster a model system. In contrast their established endocrine roles during larval adult germline found that JH acts locally development. Using an vivo biosensor, observed active first within near primordial (PGCs) they migrate developing gonad. Through vitro assays, determined both necessary sufficient for PGC migration. Analysis into mechanisms this newly uncovered paracrine function revealed migration was compromised when were decreased or increased, suggesting specific titers spatiotemporal dynamics required robust colonization Compromised can impair fertility cause tumors many species, including humans. mammals, retinoids have development We like Drosophila, RA impact mouse vitro. Together, our study reveals previously unanticipated isoprenoids local effectors pre-gonadal suggests broadly shared mechanism

Language: Английский

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Inter-organelle communication dynamically orchestrates juvenile hormone biosynthesis and female reproduction

National Science Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Inter-organelle communication coordinates cellular homeostasis and function. Juvenile hormone (JH) is produced in the corpora allata (CA) acts as a gonadotrophic most insects. Using transcriptomic, biochemical, molecular, genetic analyses, here we investigated underlying mechanism of how inter-organelle dynamically orchestrates JH biosynthesis female reproduction American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. The extracellular stimuli insulin allatostatin act through their membrane receptors antagonistically regulate RyR-mediated Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum CA cells. Ca2+-activated CaMKII stimulates energy metabolism mitochondria partially via SLC25A6, induces expression biosynthetic genes HMGR, Jhamt, Cyp15a1 activating transcription factor CREB, which recruits CBP for histone acetylation nucleus. Additionally, interact with CREB-CBP mitonuclear to biosynthesis. From perspective communication, this comprehensive study significantly advanced our understanding reproductive biology

Language: Английский

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Juvenile hormone signaling – a mini review

Insect Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 600 - 606

Published: June 11, 2018

Since it was first postulated by Wigglesworth in 1934, juvenile hormone (JH) is considered a status quo insects because prevents metamorphosis that initiated the molting 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). During last decade, significant advances have been made regarding JH signaling. First, bHLH-PAS transcription factor Met/Gce identified as intracellular receptor. In presence of JH, with assistance Hsp83, and through physical association transcriptional co-activator, enters nucleus binds to E-box-like motifs promoter regions primary-response genes for inducing gene expression. Second, zinc finger Kr-h1 anti-metamorphic which transduces Via binding sites, represses expression 20E (i.e. Br, E93 E75) prevent 20E-induced metamorphosis. Third, signaling, promotes different aspects female reproduction. Nevertheless, this action varies greatly from species species. Last, hypothetical membrane receptor has predicted be either GPCR or tyrosine kinase future, will great challenge understand how yet unidentified coordinate regulate reproduction insects.

Language: Английский

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Regulation of Body Size and Growth Control

Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 216(2), P. 269 - 313

Published: Oct. 1, 2020

Abstract The control of body and organ growth is essential for the development adults with proper size proportions, which important survival reproduction. In animals, adult determined by rate duration juvenile growth, are influenced environment. nutrient-scarce environments in more time needed period can be extended delaying maturation, whereas rapidly completed nutrient-rich conditions. This flexibility requires integration environmental cues developmental signals that govern internal checkpoints to ensure maturation does not begin until sufficient tissue has occurred reach a size. Target Rapamycin (TOR) pathway primary cell-autonomous nutrient sensor, while circulating hormones such as steroids insulin-like factors main systemic regulators animals. We discuss recent findings Drosophila melanogaster showing environment growth-sensing mechanisms, involving TOR other growth-regulatory pathways, converge on insulin steroid relay centers responsible adjusting development, response external addition this, also monitored coordinated whole-body timing through modulation signaling. coordination involves interorgan communication mediated peptide 8 status. Together, these multiple nutritional feed into neuroendocrine hubs controlling signaling, serving at progression toward delayed. review focuses mechanisms conditions modulate size, highlights conserved architecture this system, made prime model understanding

Language: Английский

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Metabolism and growth adaptation to environmental conditions in Drosophila

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 77(22), P. 4523 - 4551

Published: May 24, 2020

Organisms adapt to changing environments by adjusting their development, metabolism, and behavior improve chances of survival reproduction. To achieve such flexibility, organisms must be able sense respond changes in external environmental conditions internal state. Metabolic adaptation response altered nutrient availability is key maintaining energy homeostasis sustaining developmental growth. Furthermore, variables exert major influences on growth final adult body size animals. This plasticity depends adaptive responses state cues that are essential for processes. Genetic studies have shown the fruit fly Drosophila, similarly mammals, regulates its growth, environment through several hormones including insulin, peptides with glucagon-like function, steroid hormones. Here we review emerging evidence showing various sensed different organs that, via inter-organ communication, relay information neuroendocrine centers control insulin signaling. focuses endocrine regulation highlighting recent advances role system as a signaling hub integrates inputs drives responses.

Language: Английский

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Autophagy triggers CTSD (cathepsin D) maturation and localization inside cells to promote apoptosis

Autophagy, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 1170 - 1192

Published: April 23, 2020

CTSD/CathD/CATD (cathepsin D) is a lysosomal aspartic protease. A distinguishing characteristic of CTSD its dual functions promoting cell proliferation via secreting pro-enzyme outside the cells as ligand, and apoptosis mature form this enzyme inside cells; however, regulation secretion, expression, maturation undetermined. Using lepidopteran insect

Language: Английский

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Post-transcriptional regulation of insect metamorphosis and oogenesis

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 77(10), P. 1893 - 1909

Published: Nov. 13, 2019

Language: Английский

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The microRNAs let-7 and miR-278 regulate insect metamorphosis and oogenesis by targeting the juvenile hormone early-response gene Krüppel-homolog 1

Development, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 145(24)

Published: Nov. 23, 2018

ABSTRACT Krüppel-homolog 1 (Kr-h1), a zinc-finger transcription factor, inhibits larval metamorphosis and promotes adult reproduction by transducing juvenile hormone (JH). Although the transcriptional regulation of Kr-h1 has been extensively studied, little is known about its at post-transcriptional level. Using migratory locust Locusta migratoria as model system, we report here that microRNAs let-7 miR-278 bound to coding sequence downregulated expression. Application mimics (agomiRs) significantly reduced level transcripts, resulting in partially precocious nymphs well markedly decreased yolk protein precursors, arrested ovarian development blocked oocyte maturation adults. Moreover, expression was repressed JH, constituting regulatory loop JH signaling. This study thus reveals previously unknown mechanism whereby suppresses miR-278, which, together with induction transcription, prevents stimulates females. These results advance our understanding coordination miRNA insect development.

Language: Английский

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Signaling Pathways That Regulate the Crustacean Molting Gland

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 21, 2021

A pair of Y-organs (YOs) are the molting glands decapod crustaceans. They synthesize and secrete steroid hormones (ecdysteroids) their activity is controlled by external internal signals. The YO transitions through four physiological states over molt cycle, which mediated molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH; basal state), mechanistic Target Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1; activated Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGFβ)/Activin (committed ecdysteroid (repressed state) signaling pathways. MIH, produced in eyestalk X-organ/sinus gland complex, inhibits synthesis ecdysteroids. model for MIH organized into a cAMP/Ca

Language: Английский

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Regulation of ecdysone production in Drosophila by neuropeptides and peptide hormones

Open Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2021

In both mammals and insects, steroid hormones play a major role in directing the animal's progression through developmental stages. To maximize fitness outcomes, hormone production is regulated by environmental conditions experienced animal. ecdysone mediates transitions between stages response to factors such as nutrition. These signals are communicated ecdysone-producing gland via action of neuropeptide peptide signalling pathways. While some these pathways have been well characterized, there evidence suggest more than has previously thought function control production, potentially greater range conditions. Here, we review known regulate model genetic insect Drosophila melanogaster , what regarding that trigger Areas for future research highlighted can further contribute our overall understanding complex orchestration environmental, physiological cues together produce functioning adult organism.

Language: Английский

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