Behavior needs neural variability

Neuron, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(5), P. 751 - 766

Published: Feb. 17, 2021

Language: Английский

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Complete Connectomic Reconstruction of Olfactory Projection Neurons in the Fly Brain

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(16), P. 3183 - 3199.e6

Published: July 2, 2020

Nervous systems contain sensory neurons, local projection and motor neurons. To understand how these building blocks form whole circuits, we must distil broad classes into neuronal cell types describe their network connectivity. Using an electron micrograph dataset for entire Drosophila melanogaster brain, reconstruct the first complete inventory of olfactory projections connecting antennal lobe, insect analog mammalian bulb, to higher-order brain regions in adult animal brain. We then connect this extant data literature, providing synaptic-resolution "holotypes" both heavily investigated previously unknown types. Projection neurons are approximately twice as numerous reported by light level studies; stereotyped, but not identical, synapse numbers between hemispheres. The lateral horn, cortical amygdala, is main target information has been shown guide innate behavior. Here, find new connectivity motifs, including axo-axonic feedback, inhibition axons a large population convergence different inputs, non-olfactory inputs memory-related feedback onto third-order These features less prominent mushroom body calyx, piriform cortex center associative memory. Our work provides neuroanatomical platform future studies system.

Language: Английский

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Capturing continuous, long timescale behavioral changes in Drosophila melanogaster postural data

PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. e1012753 - e1012753

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Animal behavior spans many timescales, from short, seconds-scale actions to daily rhythms over hours life-long changes during aging. To access longer timescales of behavior, we continuously recorded individual Drosophila melanogaster at 100 frames per second for up 7 days a time in featureless arenas on sucrose-agarose media. We use the deep learning framework SLEAP produce full-body postural dataset 47 individuals resulting nearly 2 billion pose instances. identify stereotyped behaviors such as grooming, proboscis extension, and locomotion ethograms explore how flies' varies across day experiment. find distinct patterns all behaviors, adding specific information about trends different grooming modalities, extension duration, speed what is known D. circadian cycle. Using our holistic measurements that hour after dawn unique point pattern behavioral composition this tracks well with other indicators health fraction spend moving vs. resting. The method, data, analysis presented here give us new clearer picture revealing novel features hint unexplored underlying biological mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Genes and environments, development and time

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(38), P. 23235 - 23241

Published: Sept. 22, 2020

A now substantial body of science implicates a dynamic interplay between genetic and environmental variation in the development individual differences behavior health. Such outcomes are affected by molecular, often epigenetic, processes involving gene–environment (G–E) that can influence gene expression. Early environments with exposures to poverty, chronic adversities, acutely stressful events have been linked maladaptive compromised health behavior. Genetic impart either enhanced or blunted susceptibility effects such pathogenic environments. However, largely missing from present discourse regarding G–E is role time, “third factor” guiding emergence complex developmental endpoints across different scales time. Trajectories increasingly appear best accounted for complex, interchange among highly elements genes, contexts, time at multiple scales, including neurobiological (minutes milliseconds), genomic (hours minutes), (years months), evolutionary (centuries millennia) This special issue PNAS thus explores timing transactions: The importance timescales plasticity critical periods brain development; epigenetics molecular underpinnings biologically embedded experience; encoding experience biological levels organization; gene-regulatory networks their linkages neuronal networks. Taken together, collection papers offers perspectives on how operates contingently within against backdrop timescales.

Language: Английский

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Idiosyncratic neural coding and neuromodulation of olfactory individuality in Drosophila

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 117(38), P. 23292 - 23297

Published: Aug. 27, 2019

Significance Individuality is a fundamental feature of behavior. For instance, the same smell or song may evoke very different responses in 2 individuals. What biological basis for these differences? While behavioral differences likely originate with neural activity, little known about how idiosyncratic are reflected activity. We used statistical analysis and live brain imaging to assess odor fruit flies, found that odors produce across flies subtly patterns activity flies. Moreover, neuromodulators sets neurons olfactory region fly’s directly modulate degree fly-to-fly variability flexible way.

Language: Английский

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Division of labour in colony defence in a clonal ant

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 380(1922)

Published: March 20, 2025

Division of labour (DOL) plays a key role across all scales biological organization, but how its expression varies contexts is still poorly understood. Here, we measure DOL in crucial task, colony defence, social insect that affords precise experimental control over individual and traits, the clonal raider ant ( Ooceraea biroi ). We find defence behaviour emerges within colonies near-identical workers, likely reflecting variation response thresholds, it increases with size. Additionally, pupae show higher levels than those without brood. However, do not evidence for behavioural syndrome linking exploration activity, as previously reported other systems. By showing composition size affect group to potential threats, our findings highlight context shaping DOL. This article part theme issue ‘Division driver evolution’.

Language: Английский

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The structure of behavioral variation within a genotype

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 19, 2021

Individual animals vary in their behaviors. This is true even when they share the same genotype and were reared environment. Clusters of covarying behaviors constitute behavioral syndromes, an individual's position along such axes covariation a representation personality. Despite these conceptual frameworks, structure within essentially uncharacterized its mechanistic origins unknown. Passing hundreds inbred Drosophila individuals through experimental pipeline that captured measures, we found sparse but significant correlations among small sets Thus, space variation has many independent dimensions. Manipulating physiology brain, specific neural populations, altered correlations. We also observed gene expression can predict on some axes. work represents first steps understanding biological mechanisms determining genotype.

Language: Английский

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Precise Quantification of Behavioral Individuality From 80 Million Decisions Across 183,000 Flies

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 26, 2022

Individual animals behave differently from each other. This variability is a component of personality and arises even when genetics environment are held constant. Discovering the biological mechanisms underlying behavioral depends on efficiently measuring individual bias, requirement that facilitated by automated, high-throughput experiments. We compiled large data set locomotor behavior measures, acquired over 183,000 fruit flies walking in Y-shaped mazes. With this we first conducted "computational ethology natural history" study to quantify distribution biases with unprecedented precision examine correlations between measures high power. discovered slight, but highly significant, left-bias spontaneous decision-making. then used evaluate standing hypotheses about affecting variability, specifically: neuromodulator serotonin its precursor transporter, heterogametic sex, temperature. found variety significant effects associated these were behavior-dependent. indicates relationship may be context dependent. Going forward, automation experiments will likely essential teasing out complex causality individuality.

Language: Английский

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Individual consistency in the learning abilities of honey bees: cognitive specialization within sensory and reinforcement modalities

Animal Cognition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 909 - 928

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

The question of whether individuals perform consistently across a variety cognitive tasks is relevant for studies comparative cognition. honey bee (Apis mellifera) an appropriate model to study consistency as its learning can be studied in multiple elemental and non-elemental tasks. We took advantage this possibility if the ability bees learn simple discrimination correlates with their solve two higher complexity, reversal negative patterning. performed four experiments which we varied sensory modality stimuli (visual or olfactory) type (Pavlovian operant) complexity (elemental non-elemental) conditioning examine stable correlated performances could observed experiments. Across all experiments, individual's proficiency task was positively significantly performance both patterning, while patterning were positively, yet not correlated. These results suggest that paradigms represent distinct characteristic bees. Further research necessary individual found other insect species common brains.

Language: Английский

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Mapping the developmental structure of stereotyped and individual-unique behavioral spaces in C. elegans

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(9), P. 114683 - 114683

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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