Genomic and metagenomic analyses of the domestic mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae identify it as a widespread environmental contaminant and a host of a basal, mite-specific Wolbachia lineage (supergroup Q)

International Journal for Parasitology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(13), P. 661 - 674

Published: July 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Multi-Omics Analysis Decodes Biosynthesis of Specialized Metabolites Constituting the Therapeutic Terrains of Magnolia obovata

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1068 - 1068

Published: Jan. 26, 2025

Magnolia obovata is renowned for its unique bioactive constituents with medicinal properties traditionally used to treat digestive disorders, anxiety, and respiratory conditions. This study aimed establish a comprehensive omics resource through untargeted metabolome transcriptome profiling explore biosynthesis of pharmacologically active compounds M. using seven tissues: young leaf, mature stem, bark, central cylinder, floral bud, pistil. Untargeted metabolomic analysis identified 6733 mass features across tissues captured chemo-diversity tissue-specificity in obovata. Through combination cheminformatics manual screening approach, we confirmed the identities 105 metabolites, including neolignans, such as honokiol magnolol, which were found be spatially accumulated bark tissue. RNA sequencing generated resource, expression revealed significant tissue-specific patterns. Omics dataset integration T12 transcript module from WGCNA being correlated magnolol Notably, phylogenetic transcripts two laccase (Mo_LAC1 Mo_LAC2) three dirigent proteins DIR-b/d subfamily potential candidate genes involved neolignan biosynthesis. research established resources laid groundwork future studies at optimizing further understanding metabolites therapeutic potential.

Language: Английский

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Genetic constraints in genes exhibiting splicing plasticity in facultative diapause

Heredity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132(3), P. 142 - 155

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract Phenotypic plasticity is produced and maintained by processes regulating the transcriptome. While differential gene expression among most important of these processes, relatively little known about other sources transcriptional variation. Previous work suggests that alternative splicing plays an extensive functionally unique role in plasticity, though plastically spliced genes may be more constrained than remainder expressed genes. In this study, we explore relationship between along with genetic diversity those genes, ecologically consequential polyphenism: facultative diapause. Using 96 samples spread over two tissues 10 timepoints, compare extent diapausing direct developing pupae butterfly Pieris napi . Splicing differs strongly trajectories but alters a smaller set compared to expression. We further test hypothesis loci, are likely experience strongest purifying selection maintain seasonally plastic phenotypes. Genes changes through diapause consistently had lowest nucleotide diversity, effect was stronger were differentially just Further, strength negative higher population expressing every generation. Our results suggest maintenance molecular mechanisms involved progression, including post-transcriptional modifications, highly conserved constraints, especially northern populations P.

Language: Английский

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Divergent diapause life history timing drives both allochronic speciation and reticulate hybridization in an adaptive radiation of Rhagoletis flies

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(15), P. 4031 - 4049

Published: March 31, 2021

Divergent adaptation to new ecological opportunities can be an important factor initiating speciation. However, as niches are filled during adaptive radiations, trait divergence driving reproductive isolation between sister taxa may also result in convergence with more distantly related taxa, increasing the potential for reticulated gene flow across radiation. Here, we demonstrate such a scenario recent radiation of Rhagoletis fruit flies, specialized on different host plants. Throughout this radiation, shifts novel hosts associated changes diapause life history timing, which act "magic traits" generating allochronic and facilitating speciation-with-gene-flow. Evidence from laboratory rearing experiments measuring adult emergence timing genome-wide DNA-sequencing surveys supported speciation summer-fruiting Vaccinium spp.-infesting mendax its hypothesized undescribed taxon infesting autumn-fruiting sparkleberries. The sparkleberry fly R. were shown genetically discrete exhibiting no detectable allochronically isolated by 2-month average difference time corresponding availability. At sympatric sites southern USA, later fruiting phenology sparkleberries overlaps that flowering dogwood, another taxon. Laboratory data confirmed broadly overlapping genomic evidence on-going dogwood flies. Thus, divergent phenological drive initiation isolation, while enhancing genetic exchange broader potentially serving source genotypic variation accentuating further diversification.

Language: Английский

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A Kiss of Deep Homology: Partial Convergence in the Genomic Basis of Hypertrophied Lips in Cichlid Fish and Human Cleft Lip

Genome Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5)

Published: May 1, 2023

Abstract The genomic loci generating both adaptive and maladaptive variation could be surprisingly predictable in deeply homologous vertebrate structures like the lips. Variation highly conserved traits such as jaws teeth organisms evolutionarily disparate teleost fishes mammals is known to structured by same genes. Likewise, hypertrophied lips that have evolved repeatedly Neotropical African cichlid fish lineages share unexpectedly similar genetic bases themselves even provide surprising insight into underlying human craniofacial anomalies. To isolate regions divergence lips, we first employed genome-wide associations (GWAs) several species of cichlids from Lake Malawi. Then, tested if these GWA were shared through hybridization with another Malawi lineage has seemingly parallel. Overall, introgression among lip appeared limited. Among our regions, one contained gene kcnj2 been implicated convergently Central American Midas diverged radiation over 50 million years ago. also additional genes cause lip–associated birth defects. Cichlid are becoming prominent examples replicated architecture trait convergence increasingly providing anomalies a cleft lip.

Language: Английский

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Rethinking the ecdysteroid source during Drosophila pupal–adult development

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 152, P. 103891 - 103891

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Simulated climate warming causes asymmetric responses in insect life‐history timing potentially disrupting a classic ecological speciation system

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 1407 - 1418

Published: June 20, 2023

Climate change may alter phenology within populations with cascading consequences for community interactions and on-going evolutionary processes. Here, we measured the response to climate warming in two sympatric, recently diverged (~170 years) of Rhagoletis pomonella flies specialized on different host fruits (hawthorn apple) their parasitoid wasp communities. We tested whether warmer temperatures affect dormancy regulation its synchrony across trophic levels temporal isolation between divergent populations. Under temperatures, both fly developed earlier. However, significantly increased proportion maladaptive pre-winter development apple, but not hawthorn, flies. Parasitoid was less affected, potentially generating ecological asynchrony. Observed shifts under decrease isolation, limiting divergence. Our findings complex sensitivity life-history timing changing predict that coming decades see multifaceted changes specialist

Language: Английский

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Genomically correlated trait combinations and antagonistic selection contributing to counterintuitive genetic patterns of adaptive diapause divergence in Rhagoletis flies

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 146 - 163

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

Adaptation to novel environments can result in unanticipated genomic responses selection. Here, we illustrate how multifarious, correlational selection helps explain a counterintuitive pattern of genetic divergence between the recently derived apple- and ancestral hawthorn-infesting host races Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae). The apple race terminates diapause emerges as adults earlier season than hawthorn race, coincide with fruiting phenology their hosts. However, alleles at many loci associated later emergence paradoxically occur higher frequencies sympatric populations compared race. We present evidence that historical over geographically varying environmental gradients across North America generated correlations two life history traits, intensity termination, Moreover, these traits are concentrated regions high linkage disequilibrium (LD). These antagonistic contemporary on local favours increased initial depth earlier, not later, termination. Thus, paradox flies appears due, part, pleiotropy or adult intensity, latter trait strongly selected for by apples. Our results demonstrate understanding multivariate combinations correlative nature selective forces acting them improve predictions concerning adaptive evolution help seemingly patterns diversity nature.

Language: Английский

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The Darwinian Core of Evolutionary Theory and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis: Similarities and Differences

Evolutionary Biology/Evolutionary biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 271 - 328

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Two distinct aphid diapause strategies: slow development or development arrest

Journal of Insect Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 104569 - 104569

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Aphids adapt to unfavourable environmental conditions, such as low temperatures in winter, by laying diapausing eggs that overwinter. Diapause is a stress-resistant and developmentally arrested stage can be adopted order increase the chance of survival adverse conditions. The diapause process aphids still very poorly understood. We followed development two species aphids, Brachycorynella asparagi Appendiseta robiniae, using immunostained embryos identify mitotic cell divisions. Two different models aphid were demonstrated for first time. In strategy, embryo developed continuously during winter diapause, while second case, there was an embryonic arrest. possibility slow whole body characteristic feature aphids. link plant's phenology appears key factor determining strategy

Language: Английский

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