Mask wearing in community settings reduces SARS-CoV-2 transmission

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(23)

Published: May 31, 2022

Significance We resolve conflicting results regarding mask wearing against COVID-19. Most previous work focused on mandates; we study the effect of directly. find that population notably reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission (mean mask-wearing levels corresponding to a 19% decrease in R). use largest survey (n = 20 million) and obtain our estimates from regions across six continents. account for nonpharmaceutical interventions time spent public, quantify uncertainty. Factors additional mandates influenced worldwide early uptake wearing. Our analysis goes further than past quality data–100 times size with random sampling–geographical scope, semimechanistic infection model, validation results.

Language: Английский

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Respiratory aerosols and droplets in the transmission of infectious diseases

Reviews of Modern Physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(4)

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 has led to a renewed focus on the physicochemical properties droplets and aerosol particles that are exhaled during breathing, speaking, singing, coughing, sneezing. In this article, respiratory particles, including their number concentrations size distributions, as well formation mechanisms at different sites in system, reviewed. data literature synthesized via parametrization particle distribution using log-normal modes related origin sites.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19: the case for aerosol transmission

Interface Focus, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2)

Published: Feb. 11, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is the most severe caused by a respiratory virus since 1918 influenza pandemic. As case with other viruses, three modes of transmission have been invoked: contact (direct and through fomites), large droplets aerosols. This narrative review makes that aerosol an important mode for COVID-19, reviewing studies about bioaerosol physiology, detection infectious SARS-CoV-2 in exhaled bioaerosols, prolonged infectivity persistence aerosols created laboratory, air samples, investigation outbreaks manifest involvement aerosols, animal model experiments. joins A as proven capacity can be spread route. has profound implications control current future preparedness.

Language: Английский

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Face masks, public policies and slowing the spread of COVID-19: Evidence from Canada

Journal of Health Economics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 102475 - 102475

Published: June 3, 2021

Language: Английский

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Telling people to “rely on their reasoning” increases intentions to wear a face covering to slow down COVID‐19 transmission

Applied Cognitive Psychology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(3), P. 693 - 699

Published: Jan. 24, 2021

Finding messaging to promote the use of face masks is fundamental during a pandemic. Study 1 (

Language: Английский

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The lockdown effect: A counterfactual for Sweden

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. e0249732 - e0249732

Published: April 8, 2021

While most countries imposed a lockdown in response to the first wave of COVID-19 infections, Sweden did not. To quantify effect, we approximate counterfactual scenario for through outcome synthetic control unit. We find, first, that 9-week half 2020 would have reduced infections and deaths by about 75% 38%, respectively. Second, effect starts materialize with delay 3–4 weeks only. Third, actual adjustment mobility patterns suggests there has been substantial voluntary social restraint, although was less strong than under scenario. Lastly, find not caused much additional output loss.

Language: Английский

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Mobility and the effective reproduction rate of COVID-19

Journal of Transport & Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20, P. 101016 - 101016

Published: Jan. 28, 2021

Language: Английский

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Association between COVID-19 outcomes and mask mandates, adherence, and attitudes

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. e0252315 - e0252315

Published: June 23, 2021

We extend previous studies on the impact of masks COVID-19 outcomes by investigating an unprecedented breadth and depth health outcomes, geographical resolutions, types mask mandates, early versus later waves controlling for other government interventions, mobility testing rate weather. show that mandates are associated with a statistically significant decrease in new cases (-3.55 per 100K), deaths (-0.13 proportion hospital admissions (-2.38 percentage points) up to 40 days after introduction both at state county level. These effects large, corresponding 14% highest recorded number cases, 13% deaths, 7% admission proportion. also find linked 23.4 point increase adherence four diverse states. Given recent lifting we estimate ending these states is -3.19 points 12 100K (13% number) daily no effect hospitalizations deaths. Lastly, using large novel survey dataset 847 thousand responses 69 countries, introduce results community attitudes towards reduction Our have policy implications reinforcing need maintain encourage mask-wearing public, especially light some starting remove their mandates.

Language: Английский

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Pandemic meets pollution: Poor air quality increases deaths by COVID-19

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 108, P. 102448 - 102448

Published: April 8, 2021

Language: Английский

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The importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 vaccine rollout

PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. e1009346 - e1009346

Published: Sept. 10, 2021

The promise of efficacious vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is fulfilled and vaccination campaigns have started worldwide. However, the fight pandemic far from over. Here, we propose an age-structured compartmental model to study interplay disease transmission, rollout, behavioural dynamics. We investigate, via in-silico simulations, individual societal changes, possibly induced by start campaigns, manifested as a relaxation in adoption non-pharmaceutical interventions. explore different rollout speeds, prioritization strategies, vaccine efficacy, well multiple responses. apply our six countries worldwide (Egypt, Peru, Serbia, Ukraine, Canada, Italy), selected sample diverse socio-demographic socio-economic contexts. To isolate effects age-structures contacts patterns particular history each location, first considering same hypothetical initial epidemic scenario all countries. then calibrate using real epidemiological mobility data for Our findings suggest that early safe behaviours can jeopardize benefits brought short term: fast distribution policies aimed at keeping high compliance are key mitigate resurgence.

Language: Английский

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