Central Suppression of the GH/IGF Axis and Abrogation of Exercise-Related mTORC1/2 Activation in the Muscle of Phenotype-Selected Male Marathon Mice (DUhTP) DOI Creative Commons
Julia Brenmoehl,

Christina Walz,

Caroline Caffier

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 3418 - 3418

Published: Dec. 4, 2021

The somatotropic axis is required for a number of biological processes, including growth, metabolism, and aging. Due to its central effects on growth metabolism with respect positive muscle mass, regulation the GH/IGF-system during endurance exercise particular interest. In order study control gene expression adaptation related physical performance, we used non-inbred mouse model, phenotype-selected high running performance (DUhTP). Gene signaling cascades were studied in pituitary gland sedentary males marathon unselected mice. addition, three weeks assessed both genetic groups. glands from DUhTP mice, reduced Pou1f1 (

Language: Английский

Exercise metabolism and adaptation in skeletal muscle DOI
Jonathon A.B. Smith, Kevin A. Murach, Kenneth A. Dyar

et al.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 607 - 632

Published: May 24, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

115
The molecular athlete: exercise physiology from mechanisms to medals DOI
Regula Furrer, John A. Hawley, Christoph Handschin

et al.

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 103(3), P. 1693 - 1787

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Human skeletal muscle demonstrates remarkable plasticity, adapting to numerous external stimuli including the habitual level of contractile loading. Accordingly, function and exercise capacity encompass a broad spectrum, from inactive individuals with low levels endurance strength elite athletes who produce prodigious performances underpinned by pleiotropic training-induced muscular adaptations. Our current understanding signal integration, interpretation, output coordination cellular molecular mechanisms that govern plasticity across this continuum is incomplete. As such, training methods their application largely rely on “trial-and-error” approach, experience practices successful coaches often providing bases for “post hoc” scientific enquiry research. This review provides synopsis morphological functional changes along underlying adaptation endurance- resistance-based training. These traits are placed in context innate genetic interindividual differences performance, special consideration given aging athletes. Collectively, we provide comprehensive overview response different modes how such adaptations translate “molecules medals.”

Language: Английский

Citations

92
The importance of exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes DOI Creative Commons

U.S. Afsheen Syeda,

Daniel J. Battillo,

Aayush Visaria

et al.

American Journal of Medicine Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100031 - 100031

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Exercise is a first-line therapy recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although moderate to vigorous exercise (e.g. 150 min/wk) often advised alongside diet and/or behavior modification, an independent treatment that can prevent, delay or reverse T2D. Habitual exercise, consisting of aerobic, resistance their combination, fosters improved short- and long-term glycemic control. Recent work also shows high-intensity interval training successful at lowering blood glucose, as breaking up sedentary short-bouts light movement 3min). Interestingly, performing afternoon compared morning well post-meal versus pre-meal may yield slightly better benefit. Despite these efficacious benefits T2D care, optimal recommendations remain unclear when considering, dietary, medication, other behaviors.

Language: Английский

Citations

68
Metabolism and exercise: the skeletal muscle clock takes centre stage DOI
Ryan A. Martin, Mark Viggars, Karyn A. Esser

et al.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. 272 - 284

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Daytime-restricted feeding enhances running endurance without prior exercise in mice DOI

Haoran Xin,

Rongfeng Huang,

Meiyu Zhou

et al.

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 1236 - 1251

Published: June 26, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Time of day determines postexercise metabolism in mouse adipose tissue DOI Creative Commons

Logan A. Pendergrast,

L Lundell, Amy M. Ehrlich

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(8)

Published: Feb. 13, 2023

The circadian clock is a cell-autonomous transcription–translation feedback mechanism that anticipates and adapts physiology behavior to different phases of the day. A variety factors including hormones, temperature, food-intake, exercise can act on tissue-specific peripheral clocks alter expression genes influence metabolism, all in time-of-day dependent manner. aim this study was elucidate effects timing adipose tissue metabolism. We performed RNA sequencing inguinal mice immediately following maximal or sham treatment at early rest active phase. Only during phase did elicit an immediate increase serum nonesterified fatty acids. Furthermore, increased markers thermogenesis mitochondrial proliferation tissue. In vitro, synchronized 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed timing-dependent difference Adrb2 expression, as well greater lipolytic activity. Thus, response sensitive may be partly driven by clock. To determine feeding state exercise, we replicated experiment 10-h-fasted mimic metabolic status. 10-h fast led similar observed after but not replicate transcriptomic response, suggesting changes gene are conclusion, acute elicits timing-specific maintain homeostasis.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Skeletal muscle BMAL1 is necessary for transcriptional adaptation of local and peripheral tissues in response to endurance exercise training DOI Creative Commons
Mark Viggars,

Hannah E Berko,

Stuart J. Hesketh

et al.

Molecular Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 86, P. 101980 - 101980

Published: June 29, 2024

In this investigation, we addressed the contribution of core circadian clock factor, BMAL1, in skeletal muscle to both acute transcriptional responses exercise and remodeling response training. Additionally, adopted a systems biology approach investigate how loss BMAL1 altered peripheral tissue homeostasis as well training adaptations iWAT, liver, heart, lung male mice.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Daily running enhances molecular and physiological circadian rhythms in skeletal muscle DOI Creative Commons

Nuria Casanova-Vallve,

Drew Duglan,

Megan Vaughan

et al.

Molecular Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 101504 - 101504

Published: April 22, 2022

Exercise is a critical component of healthy lifestyle and key strategy for the prevention management metabolic disease. Identifying molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation in response to chronic physical activity interest physiology. Circadian rhythms broadly modulate metabolism, including muscle substrate utilization exercise capacity. Here, we define physiological changes induced across daily cycle by voluntary low intensity exercise.Wildtype C57BL6/J male female mice were housed with or without access running wheel six weeks. Maximum speed was measured at four different zeitgeber times (ZTs, hours after lights on) using either electrical manual stimulation motivate continued on motorized treadmill. RNA isolated from plantaris muscles ZTs sequenced establish impact genome-wide transcription. Patterns gene expression analyzed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) Detection Differential Rhythmicity (DODR). Blood glucose, lactate, ketones, liver glycogen before exercise.We demonstrate that use mild shocks negatively impacts maximum mice, describe method rodent studies. Using this method, show time day influences increase capacity afforded weeks running: when beginning nighttime active period there no measurable benefit history running, while performance occurs end night. We dramatically remodels murine circadian transcriptome. Finally, carbohydrate metabolism associated time-dependent moderate mice.Collectively, these data indicate expression, which turn support fluctuations performance.

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Metabolic plasticity and obesity-associated changes in diurnal postexercise metabolism in mice DOI

Logan A. Pendergrast,

Stephen P. Ashcroft, Amy M. Ehrlich

et al.

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 155, P. 155834 - 155834

Published: March 11, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Understanding heterogeneity of responses to, and optimizing clinical efficacy of, exercise training in older adults: NIH NIA Workshop summary DOI Creative Commons
Melissa L. Erickson, Jacob M. Allen, Daniel P. Beavers

et al.

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 569 - 589

Published: Oct. 15, 2022

Exercise is a cornerstone of preventive medicine and promising strategy to intervene on the biology aging. Variation in response exercise widely accepted concept that dates back 1980s with classic genetic studies identifying sequence variations as modifiers VO2max training. Since time, literature variance has been populated retrospective analyses existing datasets are limited by lack statistical power from technical error measurements small sample sizes, well diffuse outcomes, very few which have included older adults. Prospective appropriately designed interrogate variation key outcomes identified priori inclusive individuals over age 70 long overdue. Understanding underlying intrinsic (e.g., genetics epigenetics) extrinsic medication use, diet, chronic disease) factors determine robust versus poor responses various will be used improve prescription target pillars aging optimize clinical efficacy training This review summarizes proceedings NIA-sponsored workshop entitled, "Understanding Heterogeneity Responses to, Optimizing Clinical Efficacy of, Training Older Adults" highlights importance current state research, particularly adults, prevailing challenges, future directions.

Language: Английский

Citations

22