Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 404(10452), P. 572 - 628

Published: July 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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Air pollution deaths attributable to fossil fuels: observational and modelling study

BMJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e077784 - e077784

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Abstract Objectives To estimate all cause and specific deaths that are attributable to fossil fuel related air pollution assess potential health benefits from policies replace fuels with clean, renewable energy sources. Design Observational modelling study. Methods An updated atmospheric composition model, a newly developed relative risk satellite based data were used determine exposure ambient pollution, disease mortality, attribute them emission categories. Data sources the global burden of 2019 study, observational fine particulate matter population National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) satellites, chemistry, aerosol, for 2019. Results Globally, excess due ozone estimated at 8.34 million (95% confidence interval 5.63 11.19) per year. Most (52%) mortality is cardiometabolic conditions, particularly ischaemic heart (30%). Stroke chronic obstructive pulmonary both account 16% burden. About 20% undefined, arterial hypertension neurodegenerative diseases possibly implicated. 5.13 (3.63 6.32) year globally use therefore could potentially be avoided by phasing out fuels. This figure corresponds 82% maximum number averted controlling anthropogenic emissions. Smaller reductions, rather than complete phase-out, indicate responses not strongly non-linear. Reductions in levels can decrease substantially. Estimates avoidable markedly higher this study most previous studies these reasons: new model has implications high income (largely intensive) countries low middle where increasing; accounts addition mortality; large reduction phase-out greatly reduce exposure. Conclusions Phasing deemed an effective intervention improve save lives as part United Nations' goal climate neutrality 2050. Ambient would no longer leading, environmental factor if superseded equitable access clean energy.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Particulate Air Pollution From Different Emission Sources and Incident Dementia in the US

JAMA Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 183(10), P. 1080 - 1080

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

Emerging evidence indicates that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution may increase dementia risk in older adults. Although this suggests opportunities for intervention, little is known about the relative importance of PM2.5 from different emission sources.

Language: Английский

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Nature and human well-being: The olfactory pathway

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(20)

Published: May 15, 2024

The world is undergoing massive atmospheric and ecological change, driving unprecedented challenges to human well-being. Olfaction a key sensory system through which these impacts occur. sense of smell influences quality satisfaction with life, emotion, emotion regulation, cognitive function, social interactions, dietary choices, stress, depressive symptoms. Exposures via the olfactory pathway can also lead (anti-)inflammatory outcomes. Increased understanding needed regarding ways in odorants generated by nature (i.e., natural environments) affect With perspectives from range health, social, sciences, we provide an overview this unique system, four consensus statements olfaction environment, conceptual framework that integrates into effects environments on We then discuss how contribute better accounting policy land-use decision-making and, turn, planetary health.

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis overlapping neuropathology start in the first two decades of life in pollution exposed urbanites and brain ultrafine particulate matter and industrial nanoparticles, including Fe, Ti, Al, V, Ni, Hg, Co, Cu, Zn, Ag, Pt, Ce, La, Pr and W are key players. Metropolitan Mexico City health crisis is in progress

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

The neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are present in urban children exposed to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), combustion friction ultrafine PM (UFPM), industrial nanoparticles (NPs). Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC) forensic autopsies strongly suggest that anthropogenic UFPM NPs reach the brain through nasal/olfactory, lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, placental barriers. Diesel-heavy unregulated vehicles a key source for 21.8 million MMC residents. We found hyperphosphorylated tau, beta amyloid 1-42 , α-synuclein, TAR DNA-binding protein-43 were associated with 186 (mean age 27.45 ± 11.89 years). neurovascular unit is an early anatomical target, first two decades life critical: 100% 57 aged 14.8 5.2 years had AD pathology; 25 (43.9%) AD+TDP-43; 11 (19.3%) + PD TDP-43; 2 (3.56%) +PD. Fe, Ti, Hg, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Cd, Al, Mg, Ag, Ce, La, Pr, W, Ca, Cl, K, Si, S, Na, C seen frontal temporal lobes, olfactory bulb, caudate, substantia nigra, locus coeruleus, medulla, cerebellum, and/or motor cortical spinal regions. Endothelial, neuronal, glial damages extensive, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes. Autophagy, cell nuclear membrane damage, disruption pores heterochromatin, death present. Metals abrasion deterioration automobile catalysts electronic waste rare earth elements, i.e., lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, entering young brains. Exposure environmental prime candidates initiating stages fatal neurodegenerative diseases. adults—surrogates polluted areas around world—exhibit AD, PD, FTLD, ALS forecasting serious health, social, economic, academic, judicial societal detrimental impact. Neurodegeneration prevention should be public health priority as problem human exposure particle pollution solvable. knowledgeable main emission sources technological options control them. What we waiting for?

Language: Английский

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Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China

Environment International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 109270 - 109270

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked visual impairment. Nevertheless, evidence associating PM2.5 constituents with impairment in schoolchildren is sparse. To explore the effects of long-term exposure and its on We conducted a large cross-sectional population-based study recruit 59,054 from four cities Guangdong province, China, used ChinaHighAirPollutants (CHAP) dataset estimate 3-year average concentrations (black carbon (BC), organic (OM), nitrate (NO3-), sulfate (SO42-) ammonium (NH4+)) based individuals' home addresses. Visual acuity was measured standardized logarithmic chart, defined as below 4.9 (Snellen 5/6 equivalent) at least one eye. utilized generalized linear mixed models weighted quantile sum regression assess association between The observed associations typically displayed nonlinear pattern. Compared lowest quartile constituents, fourth associated higher odds (e.g., adjusted ratio (OR) 1.23 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.33) for PM2.5, 1.53 1.40, 1.67) OM, 1.35 1.27, 1.44) BC), respectively. Similarly, joint (OR = 1.17, 95% 1.22), while BC OM contributed more associations. Long-term significantly rates schoolchildren, combustion-related potentially driving

Language: Английский

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Ambient air pollution and Alzheimer’s disease: the role of the composition of fine particles

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(3)

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal (NAS) - an authoritative source high-impact, original research that broadly spans biological, physical, and social sciences.

Language: Английский

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Particulate matter exposure and neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive update on toxicity and mechanisms

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 266, P. 115565 - 115565

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with a range of health impacts, including neurological abnormalities that affect neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, and behavior. Recently, there growing interest in investigating the possible relationship between PM exposure onset progression neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's Huntington's multiple sclerosis. However, precise mechanism by which affects neurodegeneration is still unclear, even though several epidemiological animal model studies have provided mechanistic insights. This article presents review current research on neurotoxicity its impact diseases. summarizes findings from collected through searches Google Scholar, PubMed, Web Science, Scopus. paper also discusses reported effects central nervous system highlights gaps future directions. The information presented this may inform public policies aimed at reducing contribute development new treatments for Further therapeutic will be needed fully understand

Language: Английский

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Global associations between long-term exposure to PM2.5 constituents and health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 474, P. 134715 - 134715

Published: May 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Health implications due to exposure to fine and ultra-fine particulate matters: a short review

International Journal of Ambient Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(1)

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Air pollution has caused 40% higher deaths than that of COVID-19, in the past two years; making it a most serious global concern with exponential increase health implications and mortality over last few decades. is characterized by fine ultra-fine particulate matter gaseous pollutants exhibiting diverse sizes volatility responsible for various diseases such as respiratory, cardiovascular, hypertension, stroke, lung cancer. These are emitted to atmosphere from numerous anthropogenic sources mainly combustion different types fuels resulting enhancement levels. This manuscript discusses impact hazardous on human health, encompassing types, levels, sizes, originating activities. According World Health Organization (WHO), more 72.67% attributed non-communicable (NCD), predominantly influenced environmental pollutants. Particulate (PM2.5 below) other toxic major contributors, 16% total NCD mortality. Cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary ischaemic heart cancer, ailments constitute majority these deaths.

Language: Английский

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