Context-dependent coordination of movement in Tribolium castaneum larvae DOI Creative Commons
Bella Xu Ying, Maarten Zwart, Stefan R. Pulver

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 17, 2024

Abstract Stored product insect pests, like Tribolium castaneum beetles, cause 20% of postharvest loss. However, how their nervous systems coordinate adaptive movements for successful infestation is unknown. Here, we assess larvae locomote over different substrates and analyze gait kinematics across speeds. Unlike many hexapods, employ a bilaterally symmetric, posterior-to-anterior wave during fast locomotion. During slow locomotion, thoracic intrasegmental coordination disrupted, whilst intersegmental preserved. Additionally, terminal abdominal structures (pygopods) support challenging such as climbing overhangs. The onset pygopod engagement coincides with leg swing initiation, suggesting stabilizing role. Surgically severing the connective between ganglia impaired impeded flat-surface climbing, tunnelling without interrupting kinematics. These results suggest that thoracic-abdominal underlies effective movement, gait/limb recruitment context-dependent. Our work provides first kinematic analysis larval locomotion insights into its neural control.

Language: Английский

Leptin- and cytokine-like unpaired signaling in Drosophila DOI
Meet Zandawala, Jayati Gera

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 584, P. 112165 - 112165

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Mechanisms of Systemic Osmoregulation in Insects DOI Creative Commons
Kenneth A. Halberg, Barry Denholm

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69(1), P. 415 - 438

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Water is essential to life. Terrestrial insects lose water by evaporation from the body surface and respiratory surfaces, as well in excretory products, posing a challenge made more acute their high surface-to-volume ratio. These losses must be kept minimum offset gained other sources. By contrast, such blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus consume up 10 times weight single blood meal, necessitating rapid expulsion of excess ions. How do manage ion budgets? A century study has revealed great deal about organ systems that use maintain balance regulation. Traditionally, taxonomically wide range species were studied, whereas recent research focused on model organisms leverage power molecular genetic approach. Key advances new technologies have become available for wider past decade. We document how these approaches already begun inform our understanding diversity conservation insect systemic osmoregulation. advocate combined with traditional broader nonmodel gain comprehensive overview mechanism underpinning osmoregulation most species-rich group animals earth, insects.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
BeetleAtlas: An Ontogenetic and Tissue-specific Transcriptomic Atlas of the Red Flour Beetle Tribolium castaneum DOI Creative Commons
David P. Leader, Muhammad Tayyib Naseem, Kenneth A. Halberg

et al.

Journal of Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 436(17), P. 168520 - 168520

Published: March 6, 2024

The red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum has emerged as a powerful model in insect functional genomics. However, major limitation the field is lack of detailed spatio-temporal view genetic signatures underpinning function distinct tissues and life stages. Here, we present an ontogenetic tissue-specific web-based resource for transcriptomics — BeetleAtlas (https://www.beetleatlas.org). This web application provides access to database populated with quantitative expression data nine adult seven larval tissues, well four embryonic stages Tribolium. allows one search individual genes obtain values both total gene enrichment different together isoforms. To facilitate cross-species studies, can also use Drosophila melanogaster identifiers related genes. For retrieved there are options identify display tissue or homologous Five additional modes available find conforming any following criteria: exhibiting high particular tissue; showing significant differences between larva adult; having peak at specific stage development; belonging category; displaying pattern similar that query gene. We illustrate how feaures be used illuminate our understanding mechanisms biology what largest animal group on earth.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Drosophila Fog/Cta and T48 pathways have overlapping and distinct contributions to mesoderm invagination DOI
Uzuki Horo, D. Nathaniel Clarke, Adam C. Martin

et al.

Molecular Biology of the Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(5)

Published: March 27, 2024

The regulation of the cytoskeleton by multiple signaling pathways, sometimes in parallel, is a common principle morphogenesis. A classic example parallel pathways Drosophila gastrulation, where inputs from Folded gastrulation (Fog)/Concertina (Cta) and T48 induce apical constriction mesoderm invagination. Whether there are distinct roles for these separate regulating complex spatial temporal patterns cytoskeletal activity that accompany early embryo development still poorly understood. We investigated Fog/Cta found that, themselves, Cta both promote timely invagination myosin II accumulation, with being required cell shape change ahead mitotic division. also identified functions cellularization uniformity network, respectively. Our results demonstrate redundant exist.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Evidence for the independent evolution of a rectal complex within the beetle superfamily Scarabaeoidea DOI Creative Commons
Robin Beaven, Barry Denholm,

Maria Fremlin

et al.

Arthropod Structure & Development, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 84, P. 101406 - 101406

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Something old, something new: the origins of an unusual renal cell underpinning a beetle water-conserving mechanism DOI Creative Commons
Robin Beaven, Takashi Koyama, Muhammad Tayyib Naseem

et al.

Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 151(20)

Published: Oct. 10, 2024

ABSTRACT Tenebrionid beetles have been highly successful in colonising environments where water is scarce, underpinned by their unique osmoregulatory adaptations. These include a cryptonephridial arrangement of organs, which part renal/Malpighian tubules are bound to the surface rectum. Within tubules, an unusual cell type, leptophragmata, plays key physiological role underpinning conservation. Nothing was known about developmental mechanisms or evolution these renal cells. Here, we investigate leptophragmata development Tribolium castaneum. We find that express and require Tiptop transcription factor, similar secondary cells Drosophila melanogaster, Teashirt Tiptop, despite lacking crypronephridial arrangement. An additional Dachshund, required establish identity distinguish them from non-cryptonephridial region tubule Tribolium. Dachshund also expressed sub-population Drosophila. Leptophragmata, beetle lineage, appear originated specific type present ancestrally be specified conserved repertoire factors.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Reciprocal roles of two trehalose transporters in aestivating cabbage stem flea beetle (Psylliodes chrysocephala) DOI Creative Commons
Gözde Güney, Doğa Cedden, Stefan Scholten

et al.

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104308 - 104308

Published: March 1, 2025

The cabbage stem flea beetle (Psylliodes chrysocephala, CSFB) is a significant pest of winter oilseed rape crops in northern Europe. CSFB adults aestivate during the summer to protect themselves from heat and desiccation stress. Trehalose, primary hemolymph sugar, has been linked energy homeostasis stress resilience, but its regulation function aestivation remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated roles two trehalose transporters, Tret-1 Tret-2, modulating dynamics across different adult stages CSFB. Through spatiotemporal transcript profiling, found that was predominantly expressed fat body, where it facilitates export hemolymph, whereas Tret-2 expression higher Malpighian tubules, mediating uptake hemolymph. RNA interference experiments revealed involved transporting body into while works reciprocally transport tubules. disruption transportation resulted excess glucose, glycogen, triglyceride levels, mainly pre-aestivation beetles. Furthermore, knockdown either transporter caused compensatory increase feeding activity beetles, compromised resilience Our findings uncover reciprocal functions regulating distribution maintaining metabolic stability aestivation, offering insights physiological strategies underpinning insect survival aestivation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
RNAi in the Red Flour Beetle (Tribolium Castaneum): Current Status and Future Perspectives DOI
Dongdong Liu, Guy Smagghe, Kenneth A. Halberg

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Compromised junctional integrity phenocopies age-dependent renal dysfunction in Drosophila Snakeskin mutants DOI Creative Commons
Anthony J. Dornan, Kenneth A. Halberg, Liesa‐Kristin Beuter

et al.

Journal of Cell Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 136(19)

Published: Sept. 11, 2023

Transporting epithelia provide a protective barrier against pathogenic insults while allowing the controlled exchange of ions, solutes and water with external environment. In invertebrates, these functions depend on formation maintenance 'tight' septate junctions (SJs). However, mechanism by which SJs affect transport competence tissue homeostasis, how are modulated ageing, remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that Drosophila renal (Malpighian) tubules undergo an age-dependent decline in secretory capacity, correlates mislocalisation SJ proteins progressive degeneration cellular morphology homeostasis. Acute loss protein Snakeskin adult induced changes architecture, including altered expression localisation junctional concomitant cell polarity integrity, demonstrating compromised integrity is sufficient to replicate ageing-related phenotypes. Taken together, our work demonstrates crucial link between epithelial tubule competence, homeostasis organismal viability, as well providing novel insights into mechanisms underpinning ageing disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Managing fuels and fluids: Network integration of osmoregulatory and metabolic hormonal circuits in the polymodal control of homeostasis in insects DOI Creative Commons
Takashi Koyama, Danial Wasim Rana, Kenneth A. Halberg

et al.

BioEssays, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(9)

Published: June 16, 2023

Abstract Osmoregulation in insects is an essential process whereby changes hemolymph osmotic pressure induce the release of diuretic or antidiuretic hormones to recruit individual osmoregulatory responses a manner that optimizes overall homeostasis. However, mechanisms by which different circuits interact with other homeostatic networks implement correct program remain largely unexplored. Surprisingly, recent advances insect genetics have revealed several important metabolic functions are regulated classic pathways, suggesting internal cues related and perturbations integrated same hormonal networks. Here, we review our current knowledge on network underpin systemic osmoregulation discuss remarkable parallels between regulate body fluid balance those involved energy homeostasis provide framework for understanding polymodal optimization insects.

Language: Английский

Citations

5