Biochemical and structural basis of sialic acid utilization by gut microbes

Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 299(3), P. 102989 - 102989

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbors diverse microbial communities collectively known as the gut microbiota that exert a profound impact on health and disease. repartition availability of sialic acid derivatives in have significant modulation microbes host susceptibility to infection inflammation. Although N-acetylneuraminic (Neu5Ac) is main form acids humans, family regroups more than 50 structurally chemically distinct modified derivatives. In GI tract, are found terminal location mucin glycan chains constituting mucus layer also come from milk oligosaccharides infant or meat-based foods adults. influences composition pathogen colonization. this review, we provide an update mechanisms underpinning utilization by microbes, focusing sialidases, transporters, metabolic enzymes. Correction: Biochemical structural basis microbesJournal Biological ChemistryVol. 299Issue 4PreviewIn JBC Reviews article entitled "Biochemical microbes" arrows Figure 6 should be adjusted. correct provided below. Full-Text PDF Open Access

Language: Английский

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Breastfeeding: The Multifaceted Impact on Child Development and Maternal Well-Being

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1326 - 1326

Published: April 11, 2025

Breastfeeding is recognized as the gold standard in infant nutrition, providing necessary nutrients for optimal growth and development. Beyond its nutritional function, breastfeeding has numerous benefits both mother child. This literature review examines effects of on development nervous immune systems, influence cognitive development, impact stress lactation. In addition, it explores emotional mothers, challenges associated with exclusive breastfeeding, process weaning along implications infant. It indicated that significantly affects lactation regulation, elevated cortisol levels potentially disrupting hormonal balance. Furthermore, essential roles oxytocin, sialic acid, docosahexaenoic acid brain functions are highlighted. regulation baby’s sleep through tryptophan, serotonin, melatonin, which at same time provide baby a sense security mother. women who breastfeed less likely to suffer from mental health problems lower risk hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease. The often difficult child; thus, should be introduced gradually minimize stress, anxiety, potential mood disturbances

Language: Английский

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Recent progress on health effects and biosynthesis of two key sialylated human milk oligosaccharides, 3′-sialyllactose and 6′-sialyllactose

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 108058 - 108058

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

Language: Английский

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Recent advances on N-acetylneuraminic acid: Physiological roles, applications, and biosynthesis

Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 509 - 519

Published: July 7, 2023

-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), the most common type of Sia, generally acts as terminal sugar in cell surface glycans, glycoconjugates, oligosaccharides, lipo-oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides, thus exerting numerous physiological functions. The extensive applications Neu5Ac food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical industries make large-scale production this chemical desirable. Biosynthesis which is associated with important application potential environmental friendliness has become an indispensable approach for synthesis Neu5Ac. In review, roles was first summarized detail. Second, safety evaluation, regulatory status, were discussed. Third, enzyme-catalyzed preparation, whole-cell biocatalysis, microbial

Language: Английский

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Specific Human Milk Oligosaccharides Differentially Promote Th1 and Regulatory Responses in a CpG-Activated Epithelial/Immune Cell Coculture

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 263 - 263

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Proper early life immune development creates a basis for healthy and resilient system, which balances tolerance activation. Deviations in neonatal maturation can have life-long effects, such as of allergic diseases. Evidence suggests that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS) possess immunomodulatory properties essential maturation. To understand the enzymatic or bacterial produced HMOS, effects five HMOS (2′FL, 3FL, 3′SL, 6′SL LNnT), present been studied. A PBMC model, IEC barrier model IEC/PBMC transwell coculture models were used, representing critical steps mucosal development. applied to cocultured with activated PBMC. In presence CpG, 2′FL 3FL enhanced IFNγ (p < 0.01), IL10 0.0001) galectin-9 0.001) secretion when added IEC; decreased Th2 cell while Treg polarization 0.05). required this mediated polarization, was not explained by epithelial-derived galectin-9, TGFβ nor retinoic acid secretion. The most pronounced linking type 1 regulatory mediator secretion, observed 3FL. Future studies are needed further complex interplay between HMO

Language: Английский

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Human Milk Oligosaccharides Are Associated with Lactation Stage and Lewis Phenotype in a Chinese Population

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 1408 - 1408

Published: March 15, 2023

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are the third most abundant component of human milk. Various factors may affect concentration HMOs, such as lactation period, Lewis blood type, and maternal secretor gene status.The purpose this study is to investigate associated with HMO concentrations in Chinese populations.A sub-sample 481 was randomly selected from a large cross-sectional China (n = 6481) conducted eight provinces (Beijing, Heilongjiang, Shanghai, Yunnan, Gansu, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shandong) between 2011 2013. were determined by high-throughput UPLC-MRM method. collected through face-to-face interviews. Anthropometric measurement trained staff.Median total 13.6 g/L, 10.7 6.0 g/L for colostrum, transitional milk, mature respectively. decreased significantly period increased (p < 0.0001). There significant differences average mothers non-secretor (secretor 11.3 vs. 5.8 p among three types 0.003). Comparing Le+ (a-b+), 3.9 (Le+ (a+b-), 0.004) 1.1 (Le- (a-b-), 0.049). The volume breast expressed province mother came affected (all Maternal BMI 0.151), age 0.630), prematurity 0.850), mode delivery 0.486), infants' gender 0.685), education level 0.989), occupation 0.568), allergic history 0.370), anemia 0.625), pregnancy-induced hypertension 0.739), gestational diabetes 0.514), parity 0.098) not correlated oligosaccharides. 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), sialyllacto-N-tetraose c (LSTc), lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP-I), disialylated lacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), difucosyl-para-lacto-N-neohexaose (DFpLNnH), difucosyl-lacto-N-hexaose (DFLNH[a]), 3-sialyllactose (3'-SL) showed gradual downward trend, while 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL) upward trend stages 0.05).The HMOs changes throughout lactation, it varies different HMOs. differed stage, status, expressed, from. Prematurity, delivery, parity, gender, characteristics did concentration. Geographical region be mechanism co-regulation secretion some 2'FL 3FL, LNnT, (LNT).

Language: Английский

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Dietary supplementation of 3′-sialyllactose or 6′-sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigs

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL), are abundant throughout lactation at much higher concentrations than present in bovine or infant formulas. Previous studies have suggested that sialylated HMO may neurocognitive benefits early life. Recent research has focused on formula supplementation with key nutrients bioactives to narrow the developmental gap between formula-fed breastfed infants. Herein, we investigated impact of supplemental 3′-SL 6′-SL cognitive brain development two time-points [postnatal days (PND) 33 61]. Two-day-old piglets ( N = 75) were randomly assigned commercial replacer ad libitum without (added a powdered form rate 0.2673% an as-is weight basis). Cognitive was assessed via novel object recognition results not significant both p &gt; 0.05). Magnetic resonance imaging used assess structural development. Results varied scan type, diet, time-point. A main effect diet observed for absolute volume white matter 9 other regions interest (ROI), well relative pons PND 30 &lt; Similar effects 58. Diffusion tensor indicated minimal differences However, several dietary across diffusion outcomes 58 0.05) indicating impacts microstructure. Minimal from myelin water fraction either Overall, sialyllactose had no learning memory by recognition, but influence temporally-dependent aspects

Language: Английский

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Insights into the Structure, Metabolism, Biological Functions and Molecular Mechanisms of Sialic Acid: A Review

Foods, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 145 - 145

Published: Dec. 31, 2023

Sialic acid (SA) is a kind of functional monosaccharide which exists widely in edible bird’s nest (EBN), milk, meat, mucous membrane surface, etc. SA an important component promoting brain development, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-virus, anti-tumor and immune regulation. The intestinal mucosa covers the microbial community that has significant impact on health. In gut, can also regulate gut microbiota metabolites, participating different biological functions. structure, source physiological functions were reviewed this paper. through regulating key signaling pathways target genes discussed. summary, modulate affect gene expressions exert its activities. It helpful to provide scientific reference for further investigation foods.

Language: Английский

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Quantitative nuclear magnetic analysis of human milk oligosaccharides 2’-fucosyllactose and 3-fucosyllactose in complicated food matrices

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 473, P. 142821 - 142821

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Characterization of Bifidobacterium bifidum growth and metabolism on whey protein phospholipid concentrate

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Whey protein phospholipid concentrate (WPPC) is a co-product generated during the manufacture of whey isolate. WPPC depleted simple sugars but contains numerous glycoconjugates embedded in milk fat globule membrane, suggesting this fraction may serve as carbon source for growth bifidobacteria commonly enriched breast fed infants. In work, we demonstrate that can sole Bifidobacterium bifidum, species common to breastfed infant and routinely used probiotic. Growth on fractions resulted expression key extracellular glycosyl hydrolases B. bifidum associated with catabolism glycoproteins. Interestingly, included induction fucosidase genes linked fucosylated human oligosaccharides even though glycan possesses little fucose. Additional studies revealed WPPC-glycan components N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine were required pre-activation toward rapid oligosaccharides. also sialidases which promoted consistent release sialic acid, well-known component bovine potential impacts gut microbial ecology host cognition. These suggest promising bioactive facilitate probiotic activity use formulas other synbiotic applications.

Language: Английский

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