Extracellular vesicles derived from Lactobacillus johnsonii promote gut barrier homeostasis by enhancing M2 macrophage polarization

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2024

Diarrheic disease is a common intestinal health problem worldwide, causing great suffering to humans and animals. Precise manipulation strategies based on probiotics combat diarrheic diseases have not been fully developed.

Language: Английский

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Limosilactobacillus mucosae-derived extracellular vesicles modulates macrophage phenotype and orchestrates gut homeostasis in a diarrheal piglet model

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: June 6, 2023

Abstract The diarrheal disease causes high mortality, especially in children and young animals. gut microbiome is strongly associated with disease, some specific strains of bacteria have demonstrated antidiarrheal effects. However, the mechanisms probiotic not been elucidated. Here, we used neonatal piglets as a translational model found that microbiota dysbiosis observed was mainly characterized by deficiency Lactobacillus , an abundance Escherichia coli enriched lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Limosilactobacillus mucosae reuteri were signature bacterium differentiated healthy piglets. Germ-free (GF) mice transplanted fecal from reproduced symptoms. Administration but alleviated symptoms induced ETEC K88 challenge. Notably, -derived extracellular vesicles caused regulating macrophage phenotypes. Macrophage elimination experiments macrophage-dependent manner. Our findings provide insights into pathogenesis perspective intestinal development probiotic-based therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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Staphylococcus aureus and biofilms: transmission, threats, and promising strategies in animal husbandry

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 13, 2024

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus ( S. ) is a common pathogenic bacterium in animal husbandry that can cause diseases such as mastitis, skin infections, arthritis, and other ailments. The formation of biofilms threatens exacerbates infection by allowing the bacteria to adhere pathological areas livestock product surfaces, thus triggering health crises safety issues with products. To solve this problem, review, we provide brief overview harm caused its on byproducts (meat dairy products). We also describe ways which spreads animals threats it poses industry. processes molecular mechanisms involved biofilm are then explained. Finally, discuss strategies for removal eradication husbandry, including use antimicrobial peptides, plant extracts, nanoparticles, phages, antibodies. These reduce spread help maintain improve productivity ensure ecologically sustainable development

Language: Английский

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Regulation of oxidative stress in the intestine of piglets after enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1871(5), P. 119711 - 119711

Published: April 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Postbiotics and Essential Oil on Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Weanling Pigs During K88 ETEC Infection

Journal of Animal Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 102

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the major bacterial infections, causing substantial economic losses globally in swine industry. This study aimed to investigate impact low Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation postbiotics (SCFP), high SCFP, essential oil (EO), or their combination on growth performance and health weanling pigs during ETEC infection. Forty-eight male were randomly allocated five groups: 1) control group (CON—basal diet, n = 16); 2) SCFP (LSC—basal diet + 1.25 g/kg 8); 3) (HSC—basal 2 4) (EO—basal 0.4 EO, 5) EO (SE—basal 8). On day 15 trial, CON divided into positive (PC) negative (NC), all pigs, except NC, challenged with ETEC. Under normal condition, dietary LSC, HSC, increased average daily gain (ADG) (P < 0.05), decreased F:G ratio 0.05) accompanied by malondialdehyde (MDA) increases catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) indicating enhanced anti-oxidative capacity, as well IL-2, IL-8, INF-γ, mitigated systemic inflammation. During infection, treatments alleviated ETEC-induced ADG reduction, diarrhea, damages intestinal permeability morphology, down-regulation tight junctions (Claudin1, ZO-1, Occludin), while HSC exhibited additional protections. All CAT, T-SOD, T-AOC, MDA serum jejunal mucosa at similar degrees 0.05). Moreover, inflammation shown IL-6, TNF-α, IL-4 IL-10 immunity IgG mucosal sIgA SE further reduced INF-γ TNF-α than LSC aligning protection against diarrhea Additionally, key gut bacteria (e.g., Terrisporobacter) related benefits identified. In sum, protected damage through regulation redox immune homeostasis. HSP offered extra disease for Our provided new insight use feed additives context animal states.

Language: Английский

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Research reviews and prospects of gut microbiota in liver cirrhosis: a bibliometric analysis (2001–2023)

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 14, 2024

The gut-liver axis has emerged as a focal point in chronic liver disorders, prompting more research into the role of gut microbiota cirrhosis. In individuals with cirrhosis, changes structure and function are closely tied to clinical prognosis. However, there is scarcity bibliometric evaluations conducted this particular field.

Language: Английский

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Berberine alleviates enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced intestinal mucosal barrier function damage in a piglet model by modulation of the intestinal microbiome

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Introduction Enterotoxic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the main pathogen that causes diarrhea, especially in young children. This disease can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality a major global health concern. Managing ETEC infections challenging owing increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Berberine, categorized as substance with similarities “medicine food,” has been used China for hundreds years treat gastrointestinal disorders bacteria-induced diarrhea. study investigated preventive effect dietary berberine on intestinal mucosal barrier induced by microbial community within intestines weaned piglets. Methods Twenty-four piglets were randomly divided into four groups. Piglets administered either standard diet or supplemented at concentrations 0.05 0.1%. orally saline. Results Dietary supplementation reduced diamine oxidase, d-lactate, endotoxin levels infected ( P < 0.05). Berberine increased jejunal villus height, villus/crypt ratio, thickness 0.05), goblet cell numbers villi crypts Furthermore, optical density mucin 2 2, P-glycoprotein, CYP3A4 mRNA expression expressions zonula occludins-1 (ZO-1), occludins-2 (ZO-2), Claudin-1, Occludin, E-cadherin ileum Moreover, BCL2, epithelial apoptosis 0.05) decreased BAX BAK duodenum jejunum, well CASP3 CASP9 IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ elevated total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid, propionic valeric isovaleric acid Notably, enhanced abundance beneficial bacteria including Enterococcus, Holdemanella, Weissella, Pediococcus, Muribaculum, Colidextribacter, Agathobacter, Roseburia, Clostridium, Fusicatenibacter , Bifidobacterium . Simultaneously, relative harmful pathogenic bacteria, such Prevotella, Paraprevotella, Corynebacterium, Catenisphaera, Streptococcus, Enterobacter Collinsella Discussion alleviated ETEC-induced damage models. associated enhancement physical, chemical, immune functions enhancing microbiota homeostasis.

Language: Английский

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Targeting Enterotoxins: Advancing Vaccine Development for Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ETEC

Toxins, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 71 - 71

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of diarrheal disease worldwide, particularly in children low- and middle-income countries. Its ability to rapidly colonize the intestinal tract through diverse colonization factors toxins underpins its significant public health impact. Despite extensive research several vaccine candidates reaching clinical trials, no licensed exists for ETEC. This review explores temporal spatial coordination ETEC virulence factors, focusing on interplay between adherence mechanisms toxin production as critical targets therapeutic intervention. Advancements molecular biology host–pathogen interaction studies have uncovered species-specific variations cross-reactivity human animal strains. In particular, heat-labile (LT) heat-stable (ST) provided crucial insights into disruption. Additional exotoxins, such EAST-1 hemolysins, further highlight multifactorial nature pathogenicity. Innovative strategies, including multiepitope fusion antigens (MEFAs), mRNA-based approaches, glycoconjugates, aim enhance broad-spectrum immunity. Novel delivery methods, like intradermal immunization, show promise eliciting robust immune responses. Successful vaccination against will offer an effective affordable solution with potential greatly reduce mortality prevent stunting, representing highly impactful cost-efficient global challenge.

Language: Английский

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Synthetic bacterial therapies for intestinal diseases based on quorum-sensing circuits

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 108142 - 108142

Published: March 26, 2023

Bacterial therapy has become a key strategy against intestinal infectious diseases in recent years. Moreover, regulating the gut microbiota through traditional fecal transplantation and supplementation of probiotics faces controllability, efficacy, safety challenges. The infiltration emergence synthetic biology microbiome provide an operational safe treatment platform for live bacterial biotherapies. Synthetic can artificially manipulate bacteria to produce deliver therapeutic drug molecules. This method advantages solid low toxicity, strong effects, easy operation. As essential tool dynamic regulation biology, quorum sensing (QS) been widely used designing complex genetic circuits control behavior populations achieve predefined goals. Therefore, QS-based might new direction diseases. pre-programmed QS circuit controllable production drugs on particular ecological niches by specific signals released from digestive system pathological conditions, thereby realizing integration diagnosis treatment. Based this as well modular idea therapies are divided into environmental signal module (senses disease physiological signals), molecule producing (plays role diseases), population (QS system). review article summarized structure function these three modules discussed rational design gene novel intervention application prospects were summarized. Finally, challenges faced methods analyzed make targeted recommendations developing successful

Language: Английский

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Bacillus halotolerans SW207 alleviates enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli -induced inflammatory responses in weaned piglets by modulating the intestinal epithelial barrier, the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, and intestinal microbiota

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4)

Published: March 7, 2024

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the major pathogens contributing to piglet diarrhea, with significant implications for both health and economic aspects livestock industry. SW207 an isolate Bacillus halotolerans isolated from cold- disease-resistant Leixiang pigs in Northeastern China. We have discovered that can survive pig's gastrointestinal fluid under conditions high bile salt concentration, displaying potent antagonistic activity against ETEC. In this study, we established a weaned diarrhea model infected ETEC investigate role preventing improving intestinal health. Results indicate upregulates expression tight junction proteins, including claudin-1, occludin, zonula occludens-1, at transcriptional translational levels. Furthermore, reduces serum endotoxin, D-lactic acid, various oxidative stress markers while enhancing mechanical barrier function. terms immune barrier, suppressed activation TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, reducing inflammatory factors upregulating small intestine mucosal sIgA. Concerning biological significantly content E. intestines promotes abundance beneficial bacteria, thereby mitigating microbiota imbalance caused by summary, has potential prevent ETEC, alleviate inflammation epithelial damage, facilitate changes microbiota. This contributes elucidating mechanisms host-microbe interactions pathogen infections.IMPORTANCEEnterotoxigenic consistently been causing mortality piglets pig farming. The industry traditionally relied on antibiotic administration control ETEC-induced diarrhea. However, overuse antibiotics led emergence drug-resistant zoonotic bacterial pathogens, posing threat public Therefore, there urgent need identify alternatives reduce usage. assessed protective effect novel probiotic analyzed its vivo vitro. study results provide theoretical support reference implementing interventions gut early improve

Language: Английский

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