The Role of Diet and Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 412 - 412

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is characterized by accumulation amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles. Currently, (AD) impacts 50 million individuals, with projections anticipating an increase to 152 year 2050. Despite increasing global prevalence AD, its underlying pathology remains poorly understood, posing challenges for early diagnosis treatment. Recent research suggests a link between gut dysbiosis aggregation Aβ, development proteins, occurrence neuroinflammation oxidative stress are associated AD. However, investigations into gut–brain axis (GBA) in context AD progression have yielded inconsistent findings. This review aims enhance our understanding microbial diversity at species level role these pathology. Additionally, this addresses influence confounding elements, including diet, probiotics, prebiotics, on throughout different stages (preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD) progression.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Exercise on Gut Microbiota of Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1070 - 1070

Published: April 5, 2024

Background: The equilibrium between gut microbiota (GM) and the host plays a pivotal role in maintaining overall health, influencing various physiological metabolic functions. Emerging research suggests that exercise modulates abundance functionality of bacteria, yet comprehensive effects on GM diversity remain to be synthesized. Objectives Design: study aims quantitatively examine effect adults using systemic review meta-analysis approach. Methods: PubMed, Ebsco, Embase, Web Science, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data were searched from their inception September 2023. Exercise intervention studies with control group describe compare composition adults, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, included this meta-analysis. Results: A total 25 1044 participants. Based fixed-effects model [Chi2 = 29.40, df 20 (p 0.08); I2 32%], pooled analysis showed compared group, can significantly increase alpha adult GM, Shannon index as an example [WMD 0.05, 95% CI (0.00, 0.09); Z 1.99 0.05)]. In addition, interventions found alter notably decreasing Bacteroidetes increasing Firmicutes, indicating shift Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. subgroup indicates females older appear exhibit more significant changes Index observed OTUs. Conclusions: may promising way improve adults. particular, was increased after exercise. Distinct responses based gender age implicated needed.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes: From Pathophysiology to Lifestyle Modifications

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 72 - 72

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, which leading cause morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients. A central pathophysiological mechanism linking T2DM to complications oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production body’s antioxidant defenses. Hyperglycemia in promotes stress through various pathways, including formation advanced glycation end products, activation protein kinase C, mitochondrial dysfunction, polyol pathway. These processes enhance ROS generation, endothelial vascular inflammation, exacerbation damage. Additionally, disrupts nitric oxide signaling, impairing vasodilation promoting vasoconstriction, contributes complications. This review explores molecular mechanisms by pathogenesis disease T2DM. It also examines potential lifestyle modifications, such dietary changes physical activity, reducing mitigating risks this high-risk population. Understanding these critical for developing targeted therapeutic strategies improve outcomes

Language: Английский

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Probiotics and Food Bioactives: Unraveling Their Impact on Gut Microbiome, Inflammation, and Metabolic Health

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Language: Английский

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A review on probiotics and dietary bioactives: Insights on metabolic well-being, gut microbiota, and inflammatory responses

Food Chemistry Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 100919 - 100919

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Polyphenol consumption and Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk in adults

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 21, 2024

In this cross-sectional investigation, the primary objective was to explore correlation between consumption of polyphenols and likelihood non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adult population participating Hoveyzeh cohort. Data from cohort study, part Persian Cohort Study, involving 10,009 adults aged 35-70, were analyzed. Exclusions made for missing data, extreme energy intake, cancer patients. Dietary habits assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, polyphenol intake calculated Phenol Explorer database. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted confounders, performed assess relationship subclasses (total polyphenols, total flavonoids, phenolic acid, lignin) NAFLD. Among 9894 participants, those highest quintile (OR 0.65, CI 0.5-0.84; P = 0.007), acid 0.67, 0.52-0.86; < 0.001), lignin 0.69, 0.52-0.87; 0.001) demonstrated lower odds NAFLD compared lowest quintile, even after adjusting confounding factors. However, no significant association found flavonoid 1.26, 0.96-1.67; 0.47). Subgroup analysis indicated inverse women 0.64, 0.42-0.93; 0.001). Higher associated with reduced among This suggests that dietary patterns rich these may play role mitigating risk Further interventional longitudinal studies are needed validate findings potential preventive strategies polyphenol-rich diets.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Probiotic Potential of Bacteroides spp. Within One Health Paradigm

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 8, 2024

Abstract Probiotics are pivotal in maintaining or restoring the balance of human intestinal microbiota, a crucial factor mitigating diseases and preserving host’s health. Exploration into Bacteroides spp. reveals substantial promise their development as next-generation probiotics due to profound interaction with host immune cells capability regulate microbiome’s metabolism by significantly impacting metabolite production. These beneficial bacteria exhibit potential ameliorating various health issues such disorders, cardiovascular diseases, behavioral even cancer. Though it’s important note that high percentage them well opportunistic pathogens, posing risks under certain conditions. Studies highlight role modifying responses improving conditions regulating lymphocytes, controlling metabolism, preventing inflammation The safety efficacy strains currently scrutiny European Commission for authorization food processing, marking significant step towards commercialization. recent advancements bacterial isolation sequencing methodologies, coupled integration Metagenome-Assembled Genomes (MAGs) binning from metagenomics data, continue unveil spp., aiding broader understanding application these novel disease management.

Language: Английский

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Potential Application of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in Food Bio-preservation – A Comprehensive Review with a Focus on the Antibacterial and Anti-Virulence Effects on Foodborne Pathogens

Food Reviews International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(9), P. 2993 - 3019

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Foodborne diseases induced by foodborne pathogens have become a global concern, which cause massive food waste and enormous economic losses, even impose serious threats to human health because of the production bacterial toxins. Although synthetic chemical preservatives exhibit efficient antibacterial effects, their abuse overuse raised variety concerns led an increase in drug-resistant bacteria. Recently, increasing demand for "clean label" foods from consumers has stimulated interest developing novel preservative techniques. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) is considered most promising alternative control growth, subsequent toxin biofilm formation due its vast spectrum metabolites and/or competitive exclusion mechanisms. In addition, potential application L. circumvent pathogenic bacteria been exploited varieties products. The aim this review emphasize significant anti-virulence properties against provide recent updates on capacity serve as natural agent, thereby highlighting bio-preservation.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Stress and Social Determinants on Diet in Cardiovascular Prevention in Young Women

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1044 - 1044

Published: April 3, 2024

The prevention of cardiovascular diseases is a fundamental pillar for reducing morbidity and mortality caused by non-communicable diseases. Social determinants, such as socioeconomic status, education, neighborhood, physical environment, employment, social support networks, access to health care, play crucial role in influencing outcomes inequities within populations. determinants stress women are interconnected factors that can significantly impact women’s well-being. Pregnancy good time engage young introduce them beneficial behaviors, adopting essential life skills, especially diet, learning management techniques. Stress influences more likely unhealthy eating behaviors emotional or coping with food. Strong action needed improve lifestyle starting at age considering this lays the foundation lower risk adults elderly. objective review examine primary healthy women, focusing particularly on unresolved issues influence well correlation stressors their diet.

Language: Английский

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The science behind functional foods: unraveling the nutritional secrets

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 13 - 28

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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