SCB-2019 protein vaccine as heterologous booster of neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants after immunization with other COVID-19 vaccines

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

We assessed the non-inferiority of homologous boosting compared with heterologous recombinant protein vaccine, SCB-2019, in adults previously immunized different COVID-19 vaccines. Three equal cohorts (N ~ 420) Philippino (18-80 years) Comirnaty, CoronaVac or Vaxzevria vaccines were randomized 1:1 to receive (SCB-2019) boosters. Neutralizing antibodies against prototype SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan-Hu-1) measured all participants and Delta variant Omicron sub-lineages subsets (30‒50 per arm) 15 days after boosting. Participants recorded solicited adverse events for 7 unsolicited serious until Day 60. Prototype neutralizing responses on SCB-2019 statistically non-inferior boosters, superior CoronaVac, but lower than Comirnaty. BA.1, BA.2, BA.4 BA.5 variants higher Vaxzevria, Responses BF.7, BQ.1.1.3, XBB1.5 following Comirnaty booster significantly booster. reactogenicity was similar Comirnaty; most frequent mild/moderate injection site pain, headache fatigue. No vaccine-related reported. Heterologous well tolerated elicited tested SARS-COV-2 viruses including BA.4, BA.5, that not

Language: Английский

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Bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 among older adults in Japan: a test-negative study from the VENUS study

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract Background Bivalent COVID-19 vaccines have been implemented worldwide since the booster vaccination campaigns of autumn 2022, but little is known about their effectiveness. Thus, this study holistically evaluated effectiveness bivalent against infection in older adults Japan. Methods We adopted test-negative design using test data individuals, aged ≥ 65 years, residing three municipalities Japan, who underwent tests medical institutions between October 1 and December 30, 2022. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate odds testing positive according status. Vaccine was defined as (1 − ratio) × 100%. Results A total 3,908 16,090 negative results included analyses. Receiving a dose addition 2 monovalent doses 33.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.8, 44.3%) more effective than receiving no vaccination, 18.2% CI: 9.4, 26.0%) not vaccination. In addition, peaked at 14–20 days after administration then gradually declined over time. Furthermore, provided 18.6% 9.9, 26.5%) additional protection among those vaccinated with doses, absence previous history. However, we did find sufficient evidence previously infected adults. Conclusions are infections without history infection.

Language: Английский

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The effectiveness of the first dose COVID-19 booster vs. full vaccination to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 clinical event: a meta-analysis and systematic review of longitudinal studies

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 1, 2023

Background The effectiveness of full Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination against COVID-19 wanes over time. This study aimed to synthesize the clinical first dose booster by comparing it vaccination. Methods Studies in PubMed, Web Science, Embase, and trials databases were searched from 1 January 2021 10 September 2022. eligible if they comprised general adult participants who not ever or currently infected with SARS-CoV-2, did have impaired immunity immunosuppression, severe diseases. seroconversion rate antibodies S subunits antibody titers frequency, phenotype specific T B cells, events involving confirmed infection, admission intensive care unit (ICU), death compared between group group. DerSimonian Laird random effects models used estimate pooled risk ratios (RRs) corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for outcomes interest. While a qualitative description was mainly compare immunogenicity Sensitivity analysis deal heterogenicity. Results Of 10,173 records identified, studies included analysis. vaccine could induce higher rates various SAS-CoV-2 fragments, neutralization SARS-CoV-2 variants, robust cellular immune response ICU, all non-booster than those group, RRs 9.45 (95% CI 3.22–27.79; total evaluated population 12,422,454 vs. 8,441,368; I 2 = 100%), 14.75 4.07–53.46; 12,048,224 7,291,644; 91%), 13.63 4.72–39.36; 12,385,960 8,297,037; 85%), respectively. Conclusion A homogenous heterogeneous elicit strong humoral responses SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, significantly reduce infection on top two doses. Future are needed investigate long-term Systematic review registration https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-11-0114/ , identifier: INPLASY2022110114.

Language: Английский

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M^pro-targeted anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor-based drugs

Journal of Chemical Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47(4)

Published: July 1, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a global health emergency. main protease an important drug target in coronaviruses. It plays role the processing of viral RNA-translated polyproteins and highly conserved amino acid sequence three-dimensional structure, making it good for which several small molecule inhibitors are available. This paper describes various anti-severe inhibitor drugs targeting M

Language: Английский

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Vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 during the Omicron wave in Germany: results from the COViK study

Infection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51(4), P. 1093 - 1102

Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract Purpose COViK, a prospective hospital-based multicenter case-control study in Germany, aims to assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against severe disease. Here, we report vaccine (VE) COVID-19-caused hospitalization and intensive care treatment during Omicron wave. Methods We analyzed data from 276 cases with 494 control patients recruited 13 hospitals 1 December 2021 5 September 2022. calculated crude confounder-adjusted VE estimates. Results 21% (57/276) were not vaccinated, compared 5% controls (26/494; p < 0.001). Confounder-adjusted was 55.4% (95% CI: 12–78%), 81.5% 68–90%) 95.6% (95%CI: 88–99%) after two, three four doses, respectively. due remained stable up one year doses. Conclusion Three doses highly effective preventing disease this protection sustained; fourth dose further increased protection.

Language: Английский

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A SARS-CoV-2: Companion Animal Transmission and Variants Classification

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 775 - 775

Published: May 29, 2023

The continuous emergence of novel viruses and their diseases are a threat to global public health as there have been three outbreaks coronaviruses that highly pathogenic humans in the span last two decades, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV 2002, Middle East (MERS)-CoV 2012, SARS-CoV-2 which emerged 2019. unprecedented spread worldwide has given rise multiple variants either altered transmissibility, infectivity, or immune escaping ability, causing broad range animals including human non-human hosts such companion, farm, zoo, wild animals. In this review, we discussed recent outbreak, potential animal reservoirs, natural infections companion farm animals, with particular focus on variants. expeditious development COVID-19 vaccines advancements antiviral therapeutics contained pandemic some extent; however, extensive research surveillance concerning viral epidemiology, transmission, variants, seroprevalence diverse essential for future eradication COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Dynamics of viral disease outbreaks: A hundred years (1918/19–2019/20) in retrospect ‐ Loses, lessons and emerging issues

Reviews in Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(6)

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Abstract Infectious diseases continue to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, a formidable obstacle development well‐being people worldwide. Viruses account for more than half infectious disease outbreaks that have plagued world. The past century (1918/19–2019/20) has witnessed some worst viral world recorded, with overwhelming impact especially in low‐ middle‐income countries (LMIC). frequency outbreak appears increasing. Generally, although afflicted centuries humankind had opportunities examine nature their emergence mode spread, almost every new poses challenge humankind, beating existing pandemic preparedness systems, if any, causing significant losses. These underscore inadequacy our understanding dynamics against lead epidemics pandemics. Despite these challenges, 100 years increasing frequencies engendered improvements response pandemics, offered lessons inform preparedness. Hence, challenges pose call continued search effective ways tackle real time. Through PRISMA‐based approach, this systematic review examines retrospect decipher patterns, losses inflicted on humanity highlights offer meaningful preparation future

Language: Английский

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Magnitude and Duration of Serum Neutralizing Antibody Titers Induced by a Third mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination against Omicron BA.1 in Older Individuals

Infection and Chemotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(1), P. 25 - 25

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) is dominating disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide. waning protective effect of available vaccines against the a critical public health issue. This study aimed to assess impact third COVID-19 vaccination on immunity SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 strain in older individuals.

Language: Английский

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Superior Boosting of Neutralizing Titers Against Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Variants by Heterologous SCB-2019 Vaccine vs a Homologous Booster in CoronaVac-Primed Adults

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 228(9), P. 1253 - 1262

Published: July 13, 2023

Abstract Background We compared homologous and heterologous boosting in adults the Philippines primed with 2 or 3 doses of CoronaVac, recombinant protein vaccine, SCB-2019. Methods CoronaVac-immunized (18–72 years) received a full half dose SCB-2019 booster. assessed all neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses against prototype SARS-CoV-2 after 15 days NAb Delta Omicron variants subsets (30‒50 per arm). Participants recorded adverse events. Results In 2-dose CoronaVac-primed geometric mean titers (GMT) were 203 IU/mL (95% confidence interval [CI], 182–227) 939 CI, 841–1049) CoronaVac boosters; GMT ratio (4.63; 95% 3.95–5.41) met predefined noninferiority post-hoc superiority criteria. After 3-dose CoronaVac-priming GMTs 279 240–325), 1044 898–1213), 668 520–829) following half-dose boosters, respectively. ratios comparing greater than 2. Mild to moderate reactogenicity was evenly balanced between groups. No vaccine-related serious events reported. Conclusions Full boosters well tolerated superior immunogenicity particularly newly emerged variants. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT05188677.

Language: Английский

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Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in the German population

Deutsches Ärzteblatt international, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 5, 2023

Early during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, national population-based seroprevalence surveys were conducted in some countries; however, this was not done Germany. In particular, no planned for summer of 2022. context IMMUNEBRIDGE project, GUIDE study carried out to estimate on and regional levels.To obtain an overview population-wide immunity against among adults Germany that would be as statistically robust possible, serological tests using self-sampling dried blood spot cards conjunction with surveys, one by telephone online. Blood samples analyzed presence antibodies S N antigens SARS-CoV-2.Among 15 932 participants, antigen detected 95.7%, 44.4%. higher-risk age groups persons aged 65 above 80 above, anti-S found 97,4% 98.8%, respectively. Distinct differences distribution anti-N emerged. Immunity gaps both regionally particular subgroups population. High antibody levels especially common eastern German states, high western states.These findings indicate a large percentage adult population has formed virus. This will markedly lower probability overburdening health care system hospitalization occupancy intensive units due future waves, depending viral characteristics then prevailing variants.

Language: Английский

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