APL Bioengineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
8(3)
Published: Sept. 1, 2024
Gene
therapy
has
emerged
as
a
highly
promising
strategy
for
the
clinical
treatment
of
large
segmental
bone
defects
and
non-union
fractures,
which
is
common
need.
Meanwhile,
many
preclinical
data
have
demonstrated
that
gene
cell
therapies
combined
with
optimal
scaffold
biomaterials
could
be
used
to
solve
these
tough
issues.
Bone
tissue
engineering,
an
interdisciplinary
field
combining
cells,
biomaterials,
molecules
stimulatory
capability,
provides
alternatives
enhance
regeneration.
To
deliver
localize
growth
factors
associated
intracellular
signaling
components
into
defect
site,
strategies
bioengineering
achieve
uniform
distribution
sustained
release
ensure
mesenchymal
stem
osteogenesis.
In
this
review,
we
will
describe
process
molecular
changes
during
normal
fracture
healing,
followed
by
advantages
disadvantages
various
vectors
engineering.
The
other
bioactive
peptides
in
regeneration
particularly
discussed.
Finally,
gene-activated
illustrated
through
description
characteristics
synthetic
methods.
Materials Today Bio,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25, P. 100971 - 100971
Published: Jan. 28, 2024
Critical-size
defects
(CSDs)
of
the
craniofacial
bones
cause
aesthetic
and
functional
complications
that
seriously
impact
quality
life.
The
transplantation
human
dental
pulp
stem
cells
(hDPSCs)
is
a
promising
strategy
for
bone
tissue
engineering.
Chirality
commonly
observed
in
natural
biomolecules,
yet
its
effect
on
cell
differentiation
seldom
studied,
little
known
about
underlying
mechanism.
In
this
study,
supramolecular
chiral
hydrogels
were
constructed
using
L/d-phenylalanine
(L/D-Phe)
derivatives.
results
alkaline
phosphatase
expression
analysis,
alizarin
red
S
assay,
as
well
quantitative
real-time
polymerase
chain
reaction
western
blot
analyses
suggest
right-handed
D-Phe
hydrogel
fibers
significantly
promoted
osteogenic
hDPSCs.
A
rat
model
calvarial
was
created
to
investigate
regulation
nanofibers
hDPSCs
vivo.
animal
experiment
demonstrated
group
exhibited
greater
faster
formation
RNA
sequencing,
vinculin
immunofluorescence
staining,
calcium
fluorescence
probe
analysis
indicated
L-Phe
adhesion
hDPSCs,
while
enhanced
by
facilitating
entry
into
activate
MAPK
pathway.
These
chirality-dependent
offer
novel
therapeutic
treatment
CSDs
optimising
nanofibers.
As
one
of
the
most
promising
means
to
repair
diseased
tissues,
stem
cell
therapy
with
immense
potential
differentiate
into
mature
specialized
cells
has
been
rapidly
developed.
However,
clinical
application
stem-cell-dominated
regenerative
medicine
was
heavily
hindered
by
loss
pluripotency
during
long-term
in
vitro
expansion.
Here,
a
composite
three-dimensional
(3D)
graphene-based
biomaterial,
denoted
as
GO-Por-CMP@CaP,
hierarchical
pore
structure
(micro-
macropore),
developed
guide
directional
differentiation
human
umbilical
cord
MSCs
(hucMSCs)
osteoblasts.
GO-Por-CMP@CaP
could
act
high-efficiency
living
material
without
"dead
space",
effectively
regulating
cellular
response.
The
3D
topological
generated
via
two-step
modification
on
two-dimensional
graphene
mimic
natural
microenvironment
cells,
enhancing
attachment,
which
is
not
only
conducive
for
proliferation
but
also
beneficial
osteogenic
differentiation.
Meanwhile,
wide
existence
interconnected
macropores
favorable
bone
ingrowth,
capillary
formation,
well
nutrients
transportation.
Furthermore,
concurrent
micro-
and
mesopores
significantly
promoted
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
adsorption,
ensured
leading
multiscale
osteointegration.
Both
vivo
assay
demonstrated
above
three
factors
collaborated
mutually
nanosized
calcium
phosphate
(CaP,
chemical
similarities
inorganic
components
bone),
provided
abundant
adhesive
sites
adequately
induce
absence
any
soluble
growth
factors.
Proteomic
analysis
experiments
confirmed
that
hucMSCs
osteoblasts
affecting
PI3K-Akt
signaling
pathway
through
up-regulation
SPP1
protein.
Our
study
offers
pure
material-based
behavior
engineering
dimension
porosity
material,
provides
insights
design
development
substitutes
materials.
Cell Regeneration,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: March 21, 2025
Abstract
The
increasing
incidence
of
bone
diseases
has
driven
research
towards
Bone
Tissue
Engineering
(BTE),
an
innovative
discipline
that
uses
biomaterials
to
develop
three-dimensional
(3D)
scaffolds
capable
mimicking
the
natural
environment
tissue.
Traditional
approaches
relying
on
two-dimensional
(2D)
models
have
exhibited
significant
limitations
in
simulating
cellular
interactions
and
complexity
microenvironment.
In
response
these
challenges,
3D
such
as
organoids
spheroids
emerged
effective
tools
for
studying
regeneration.
Adult
mesenchymal
stem
cells
proven
crucial
this
context,
they
can
differentiate
into
osteoblasts
contribute
tissue
repair.
Furthermore,
integration
composite
shown
substantial
potential
enhancing
healing.
Advanced
technologies
like
microfluidics
offer
additional
opportunities
create
controlled
environments
cell
culture,
facilitating
more
detailed
studies
These
advancements
represent
a
fundamental
step
forward
treatment
pathologies
promotion
skeletal
health.
review,
we
report
evolution
vitro
culture
applied
study
healing/regrowth,
starting
from
2
cultures
microfluids.
different
methodologies
model
generation,
are
presented
discussed.
Journal of the American Ceramic Society,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 22, 2025
Abstract
The
global
prevalence
of
bone
disorders
has
significantly
increased
and
is
projected
to
double
by
2024.
In
many
instances,
addressing
defects
requires
extensive
surgical
procedures,
including
grafting
techniques
that
often
result
in
prolonged
healing
times,
a
heightened
risk
infection,
considerable
pain,
with
no
assurance
complete
recovery.
Bone
tissue
engineering
(BTE)
scaffolds
are
emerging
as
promising
alternative
conventional
due
their
abundant
availability
absence
disease
transmission.
primary
aim
BTE
encourage
the
regeneration
functional
through
synergistic
approach
combines
biomaterials,
cells,
therapeutic
factors.
One
major
challenge
this
field
ensuring
proper
integration
implanted
biomaterials
host
promoting
vascularization
provide
adequate
nutrients
newly
formed
tissue.
Additionally,
factors
such
biodegradability,
biocompatibility,
bioactivity,
cost‐effectiveness
3D
porous
still
not
optimal.
This
review
discusses
basics
highlights
current
landscape
field,
focusing
on
existing
technological
clinical
opportunities
challenges.
Furthermore,
it
aims
illustrate
advancements
using
various
construction
materials
recent
scientific
findings
area.
Journal of Cellular Physiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
239(5)
Published: April 9, 2024
Osteosarcoma
(OS)
cancer
treatments
include
systemic
chemotherapy
and
surgical
resection.
In
the
last
years,
novel
treatment
approaches
have
been
proposed,
which
employ
a
drug-delivery
system
to
prevent
offside
effects
improves
efficacy.
Locally
delivering
anticancer
compounds
on
high
local
concentrations
with
more
efficient
tumour-killing
effect,
reduced
drugs
resistance
confined
effects.
Here,
synthesis
of
injectable
strontium-doped
calcium
phosphate
(SrCPC)
scaffold
was
proposed
as
drug
delivery
combine
bone
tissue
regeneration
by
controlled
release
methotrexate
(MTX)
doxorubicin
(DOX),
coded
SrCPC-MTX
SrCPC-DOX,
respectively.
The
drug-loaded
cements
were
tested
in
an
vitro
model
human
OS
cell
line
SAOS-2,
engineered
(SAOS-2-eGFP)
U2-OS.
ability
doped
scaffolds
induce
death
apoptosis
assessed
analysing
proliferation
Caspase-3/7
activities,
To
determine
if
cells
grown
doped-scaffolds
change
their
migratory
invasiveness,
wound-healing
assay
performed.
addition,
osteogenic
potential
SrCPC
material
evaluated
using
adipose
derived-mesenchymal
stem
cells.
Osteogenic
markers
such
(i)
mineral
matrix
deposition
analysed
alizarin
red
staining;
(ii)
osteocalcin
(OCN)
protein
expression
investigated
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
test,
(iii)
process
studied
real-time
polymerase
chain
reaction
array.
induced
cell-killing
cytotoxic
lines
up
Day
7.
demonstrates
good
cytocompatibility
it
upregulation
genes
involved
skeletal
development
pathway,
together
OCN
deposition.
approach,
based
local,
sustained
from
nanostructured
biomimetic
is
promising
for
future
therapies
aiming
therapy.
Journal of Functional Biomaterials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(8), P. 217 - 217
Published: July 31, 2024
Human
mesenchymal
stromal
cells
(hMSCs),
whether
used
alone
or
together
with
three-dimensional
scaffolds,
are
the
best-studied
postnatal
stem
in
regenerative
medicine.
In
this
study,
innovative
composite
scaffolds
consisting
of
a
core–shell
architecture
were
seeded
bone-marrow-derived
hMSCs
(BM-hMSCs)
and
tested
for
their
biocompatibility
remarkable
capacity
to
promote
support
bone
regeneration
mineralization.
The
prepared
by
grafting
three
different
amounts
gelatin–chitosan
(CH)
hydrogel
into
3D-printed
polylactic
acid
(PLA)
core
(PLA-CH),
mechanical
degradation
properties
analyzed.
BM-hMSCs
cultured
presence
growth
medium
(GM)
osteogenic
(OM)
differentiation
stimuli
combination
fetal
bovine
serum
(FBS)
human
platelet
lysate
(hPL).
primary
objective
was
determine
viability,
proliferation,
morphology,
spreading
within
thereby
confirming
biocompatibility.
Secondly,
shown
differentiate
osteoblasts
facilitate
scaffold
This
evinced
positive
Von
Kossa
result,
modulation
markers
(osteocalcin
osteopontin),
an
expression
marker
extracellular
matrix
remodeling
(bone
morphogenetic
protein-2),
collagen
I.
results
energy-dispersive
X-ray
analysis
(EDS)
clearly
demonstrate
calcium
phosphorus
samples
that
incubated
OM,
FBS
hPL,
but
not
GM.
chemical
distribution
maps
indicate
these
elements
co-localized
same
areas
sections,
demonstrating
formation
hydroxyapatite.
conclusion,
our
findings
show
PLA-CH,
regardless
amount
content,
stimuli,
can
provide
construct
enhanced
osteogenicity
clinically
relevant
regeneration.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: April 26, 2024
Diabetes
mellitus
is
a
systematic
disease
which
exert
detrimental
effect
on
bone
tissue.
The
repair
and
reconstruction
of
defects
in
diabetic
patients
still
remain
major
clinical
challenge.
This
study
aims
to
investigate
the
potential
tissue
engineering
approach
improve
regeneration
under
condition.
In
present
study,
decalcified
matrix
(DBM)
scaffolds
were
seeded
with
allogenic
fetal
marrow-derived
mesenchymal
stem
cells
(BMSCs)
cultured
osteogenic
induction
medium
fabricate
BMSC/DBM
constructs.
Then
constructs
implanted
both
subcutaneous
pouches
large
femoral
(BMSC/DBM
DM
group)
non-diabetic
rats
non-DM
group),
cell-free
DBM
serve
as
control
group
(DBM
group).
X-ray,
micro-CT
histological
analyses
carried
out
evaluate
regenerative
rat
implantation
model,
quantitative
analysis
demonstrated
that
showed
impaired
activity
compared
(bone
volume:
46
±
4.4
mm3
vs
58.9
7.15
mm3,
*p
<
0.05).
defect
X-ray
examination
union
was
delayed
group.
However,
after
6
months
implantation,
there
no
significant
difference
volume
density
between
(199
63
593
65
mg
HA/ccm)
(211
39
608
53
HA/ccm).
Our
data
suggested
could
rats,
but
healing
process
rats.
suggest
biomaterial
sacffolds
BMSCs
represent
promising
strategy
induce
