The language network as a natural kind within the broader landscape of the human brain

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 289 - 312

Published: April 12, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Language is primarily a tool for communication rather than thought

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 630(8017), P. 575 - 586

Published: June 19, 2024

Language: Английский

---

The speech neuroprosthesis

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 473 - 492

Published: May 14, 2024

Language: Английский

---

A Neurosurgical Functional Dissection of the Middle Precentral Gyrus during Speech Production

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(45), P. 8416 - 8426

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

Classical models have traditionally focused on the left posterior inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's area) as a key region for motor planning of speech production. However, converging evidence suggests that it is not critical either or execution. Alternative cortical areas supporting high-level yet to be defined. In this review, we focus precentral gyrus, whose role in production often thought limited lower-level articulatory muscle control. particular, highlight neurosurgical investigations shed light anatomically located near midpoint hence called middle (midPrCG). The midPrCG functionally between dorsal hand and ventral orofacial representations exhibits unique sensorimotor multisensory functions relevant processing. This includes control larynx, auditory processing, well reading writing. Furthermore, direct electrical stimulation can evoke complex movements, such vocalization, selective injury cause deficits verbal fluency, pure apraxia speech. Based these findings, propose essential phonological-motoric aspects production, especially syllabic-level sequencing, ascribed Broca's area. brain area should included contemporary with

Language: Английский

---

Precision fMRI reveals that the language-selective network supports both phrase-structure building and lexical access during language production

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(8), P. 4384 - 4404

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

A fronto-temporal brain network has long been implicated in language comprehension. However, this network's role production remains debated. In particular, it unclear whether all or only some regions contribute to production, and which aspects of these support. Across 3 functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments that rely on robust individual-subject analyses, we characterize the response high-level demands. We report novel results. First, sentence spoken typed, elicits a strong throughout network. Second, responds both phrase-structure building lexical access demands, although is stronger more spatially extensive, present every region. Finally, contra proposals, find no evidence regions-within outside network-that selectively support relative Instead, respond strongly during than comprehension, suggesting incurs greater cost for Together, results align with idea comprehension draw same knowledge representations, are stored distributed manner within language-selective used interpret generate linguistic utterances.

Language: Английский

---

Distributed Sensitivity to Syntax and Semantics throughout the Language Network

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(7), P. 1427 - 1471

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Human language is expressive because it compositional: The meaning of a sentence (semantics) can be inferred from its structure (syntax). It commonly believed that syntax and semantics are processed by distinct brain regions. Here, we revisit this claim using precision fMRI methods to capture separation or overlap function in the brains individual participants. Contrary prior claims, find distributed sensitivity both throughout broad frontotemporal network. Our results join growing body evidence for an integrated network human within which internal specialization primarily matter degree rather than kind, contrast with influential proposals advocate different areas types linguistic functions.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring neural tracking of acoustic and linguistic speech representations in individuals with post‐stroke aphasia

Human Brain Mapping, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(8)

Published: May 26, 2024

Abstract Aphasia is a communication disorder that affects processing of language at different levels (e.g., acoustic, phonological, semantic). Recording brain activity via Electroencephalography while people listen to continuous story allows analyze responses acoustic and linguistic properties speech. When the neural aligns with these speech properties, it referred as tracking. Even though measuring tracking may present an interesting approach studying aphasia in ecologically valid way, has not yet been investigated individuals stroke‐induced aphasia. Here, we explored representations chronic phase after stroke age‐matched healthy controls. We found decreased (envelope envelope onsets) In addition, word surprisal displayed amplitudes around 195 ms over frontal electrodes, although this effect was corrected for multiple comparisons. These results show there potential capture impairments by However, more research needed validate results. Nonetheless, exploratory study shows naturalistic, presents powerful

Language: Английский

---

Language in Brains, Minds, and Machines

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 277 - 301

Published: April 26, 2024

It has long been argued that only humans could produce and understand language. But now, for the first time, artificial language models (LMs) achieve this feat. Here we survey new purchase LMs are providing on question of how is implemented in brain. We discuss why, a priori, might be expected to share similarities with human system. then summarize evidence represent linguistic information similarly enough enable relatively accurate brain encoding decoding during processing. Finally, examine which LM properties—their architecture, task performance, or training—are critical capturing neural responses review studies using as silico model organisms testing hypotheses about These ongoing investigations bring us closer understanding representations processes underlie our ability comprehend sentences express thoughts

Language: Английский

---

Disentangling neuroplasticity mechanisms in post-stroke language recovery

Brain and Language, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 251, P. 105381 - 105381

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

A major objective in post-stroke aphasia research is to gain a deeper understanding of neuroplastic mechanisms that drive language recovery, with the ultimate goal enhancing treatment outcomes. Subsequent recent advances neuroimaging techniques, we now have ability examine more closely how neural activity patterns change after stroke. However, way these changes relate impairments and recovery still debated. The aim this review provide theoretical framework better investigate interpret neuroplasticity underlying aphasia. We detail two sets observed at synaptic level may explain functional findings network level: feedback-based homeostatic plasticity associative Hebbian plasticity. In conjunction mechanisms, higher-order cognitive control processes dynamically modulate other regions meet communication demands, despite reduced resources. This work provides network-level neurobiological for can be used define guidelines personalized development.

Language: Английский

---

Functional characterization of the language network of polyglots and hyperpolyglots with precision fMRI

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract How do polyglots—individuals who speak five or more languages—process their languages, and what can this population tell us about the language system? Using fMRI, we identified network in each of 34 polyglots (including 16 hyperpolyglots with knowledge 10+ languages) examined its response to native language, non-native languages varying proficiency, unfamiliar languages. All conditions engaged all areas relative a control condition. Languages that participants rated as higher proficiency elicited stronger responses, except for which similar lower than proficiency. Furthermore, were typologically related participants’ high-to-moderate-proficiency unrelated The results suggest network’s magnitude scales degree engagement linguistic computations (e.g. lexical access syntactic-structure building). We also replicated prior finding weaker responses non-polyglot bilinguals. These contribute our understanding how multiple coexist within single brain provide new evidence responds strongly stimuli fully engage computations.

Language: Английский

---