Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(15), P. 4399 - 4399
Published: July 27, 2024
Objectives:
Evaluate
the
prevalence
of
genetic
factors
in
a
large
population
infertile
subjects
and
define
seminological,
hormonal,
ultrasonographic
features
for
each
alteration.
Methods:
This
single-center
retrospective
study
included
male
partners
couples
undergoing
investigations
due
to
oligozoospermia
or
azoospermia
evaluated
from
January
2012
2022.
The
consist
karyotype,
CFTR
gene
mutations
plus
variant
IVS8-5T
polymorphic
trait,
Y
chromosome
microdeletion,
Next
Generation
Sequencing
panel
analyze
genes
implicated
congenital
hypogonadotropic
hypogonadism
(CHH).
Results:
Overall,
15.4%
(72/466)
patients
received
diagnosis
cause
infertility.
Specifically,
23
(31.9%)
harbor
gene,
22
(30.6%)
have
47,
XXY
14
(19.4%)
show
7
(9.7%)
structural
chromosomal
anomalies,
6
(8.3%)
CHH.
80.6%
were
azoospermic
19.4%
oligozoospermic
(sperm
concentration
3.5
±
3.8
million/mL).
Almost
all
presented
hormonal
alterations
related
specific
genotype,
while
main
ultrasound
testicular
hypoplasia,
calcifications/microcalcifications,
enlarged/hyperechoic
epididymis.
Conclusions:
abnormalities
males
was
our
Center.
disease-causing
variants
resulted
more
frequent,
with
various
clinical
features,
highlighting
complexity
heterogeneity
presentation.
Other
are
needed
understand
if
conditions
like
ring
chromosomes
other
translocations
infertility
incidental
factors.
Endocrine Connections,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Anti-Müllerian
hormone
(AMH),
a
biomarker
secreted
by
Sertoli
cells
in
the
testes,
has
emerged
as
critical
indicator
of
male
reproductive
function
with
significant
clinical
application
potential.
AMH
reflects
cell
activity
and
plays
pivotal
role
across
different
stages
gonadal
function.
Firstly,
prepubertal
males,
levels
are
crucial
for
assessing
testicular
development
progression
puberty,
delayed
or
insufficient
secretion
often
being
associated
disorders
like
puberty.
Secondly,
reproductive-age
serves
an
important
evaluating
spermatogenic
capacity,
particularly
cases
idiopathic
non-obstructive
azoospermia.
In
these
patients,
can
help
predict
success
sperm
extraction,
thereby
influencing
fertility
treatment
strategies.
This
review
explores
physiological
mechanisms
its
diagnostic
prognostic
significance
both
puberty
males.
While
shows
great
promise
management
hypogonadism,
further
research
is
needed
to
validate
utility
refine
protocols
optimizing
patient
outcomes.
European Urology Open Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
65, P. 3 - 12
Published: May 27, 2024
No
clear-cut
markers
for
predicting
positive
sperm
retrieval
(+SR)
at
microdissection
testicular
extraction
(mTESE)
have
been
identified
thus
far.
Our
aim
was
to
conduct
a
systematic
review
and
meta-analysis
evaluate
the
ability
of
follicle-stimulating
hormone
(FSH),
inhibin
B
(InhB),
anti-Müllerian
(AMH)
predict
+SR
in
men
with
nonobstructive
azoospermia
(NOA)
undergoing
mTESE.
Fertility and Sterility,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
122(4), P. 636 - 647
Published: June 22, 2024
To
explore
factors
influencing
microdissection
testicular
sperm
extraction
(micro-TESE)
success
in
hypogonadal
men
with
nonobstructive
azoospermia
(NOA).
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(3), P. 970 - 970
Published: Feb. 3, 2025
Objectives:
To
compare
surgical
outcomes
and
sperm
retrieval
rates
(SRRs)
between
conventional
microsurgical-assisted
testicular
extraction
(m-TeSE—Group
A)
performed
with
loupes
(l-TeSE—Group
B)
in
adult
males
non-obstructive
azoospermia
(NOA).
Methods:
A
multicentric
prospective
randomized
trial
(ethics
committee
no.
202/2022)
accordance
the
CONSORT
guidelines
was
conducted
from
March
2022
to
April
2024.
Adult
NOA
without
genetic
alterations
who
signed
informed
consent
were
enrolled.
SRRs,
intra-
postoperative
complications
(according
Clavien–Dindo
classification),
hormonal
profile
changes
considered
as
during
follow-up
period.
Results:
total
of
42
patients
The
median
age
35
years
(IQR:
33–49).
preoperative
FSH
16.5
mIU/mL
11.6–22.5)
testosterone
4.6
(3.5–5.6).
Overall,
SRR
22.6%,
retrieved
19
testes.
Histopathological
findings
reported
Sertoli
cell-only
syndrome
(SCOS)
46.4%
(39
cases),
hypospermatogenesis
26.2%,
germ
cell
arrest
26.2%
patients.
No
intraoperative
recorded.
minimal
(Clavien–Dindo
grade
I),
but
no
significant
differences
recorded
in-between
two
approaches.
Considering
operative
time
exploration
alone,
Group
B
seemed
be
faster
than
m-TeSE,
a
saving
8
min
(p
<
0.01).
Conclusion:
use
safe
comparable
m-TeSE
terms
SRRs
complication
rates.
L-TeSE
offered
reduction
compared
m-TeSE.
American Journal of Men s Health,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
19(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Infertility
is
characterized
by
the
inability
to
conceive
even
after
engaging
in
regular
unprotected
sexual
intercourse
for
a
period
of
12
months
or
longer.
Azoospermia
affects
around
1%
men.
Approximately
60%
men
diagnosed
with
azoospermia
will
have
non-obstructive
(NOA).
The
main
aim
this
study
investigate
potential
relationship
between
preoperative
hormonal
profiles,
testicular
volume,
and
patient
health
factors
microdissection
sperm
extraction
(micro-TESE)
outcomes
individuals
NOA.
A
retrospective
analysis
152
patients
who
underwent
micro-TESE
operation
NOA
at
our
center
from
January
2020
December
2022
was
conducted.
Both
groups
were
compared
age,
follicle-stimulating
hormone
(FSH),
luteinizing
(LH),
total
free
testosterone,
volume
before
operation,
previous
TESE,
smoking,
medical
illnesses.
considered
significant
when
p
value
less
than
.05.
enrolled
study.
Patients
divided
into
two
groups:
first
group,
whom
sperms
identified
during
procedure,
representing
72
(47.3%)
patients,
second
group
(52.7%)
no
found.
Results
reveal
that
testosterone
level,
TESE
are
significantly
related
positive
surgical
results
(
<
.05).
Our
findings
suggest
levels,
smoking
status,
may
affect
micro-TESE.
UroPrecision,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
Abstract
Ten
percent
of
infertile
males
have
azoospermia,
classified
into
obstructive
and
nonobstructive
types,
which
require
specific
medical
or
surgical
treatments.
In
advancements
in
microsurgery
allow
for
effective
sperm
retrieval
about
half
cases.
This
review
aimed
to
highlight
the
most
recent
studies
utilizing
whole
exome
sequencing
(WES)
seminal/serum
biomarkers
aim
predict
micro‐dissection
testicular
extraction
(micro‐TESE)
outcomes
reduce
failure
rates.
WES
identifies
rare
genetic
mutations
affecting
spermatogenesis
that
could
explain
micro‐TESE
failures,
improving
preoperative
assessments.
Despite
its
potential,
is
limited
by
high
costs.
Biomarkers
such
as
Anti‐Müllerian
Hormone
testis‐expressed
sequence
101
protein
can
indicate
spermatogenic
activity,
though
standardization
these
measurements
needed
accuracy.
Additionally,
microRNAs
non‐invasive
markers
offer
potential
assessing
reserve
classifying
azoospermia
but
their
efficacy
identifying
disorders
remains
under
researched,
necessitating
further
on
multivariate
miRNA
models.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(12), P. 2679 - 2679
Published: Nov. 25, 2024
Background/Objectives:
Non-obstructive
azoospermia
(NOA)
is
a
severe
form
of
male
infertility
characterized
by
the
absence
sperm
in
ejaculate
due
to
impaired
spermatogenesis.
Testicular
extraction
(TESE)
combined
with
intracytoplasmic
injection
primary
treatment,
but
success
rates
are
unpredictable,
causing
significant
emotional
and
financial
burdens.
Traditional
clinical
hormonal
predictors
have
shown
inconsistent
reliability.
This
review
aims
evaluate
current
emerging
non-invasive
preoperative
successful
retrieval
men
NOA,
highlighting
promising
biomarkers
their
potential
applications.
Methods:
A
comprehensive
literature
was
conducted,
examining
studies
on
factors,
imaging
techniques,
molecular
biology
biomarkers,
genetic
testing
related
TESE
outcomes
NOA
patients.
The
role
artificial
intelligence
machine
learning
enhancing
predictive
models
also
explored.
Results:
such
as
patient
age,
body
mass
index,
duration,
testicular
volume,
serum
hormone
levels
(follicle-stimulating
hormone,
luteinizing
inhibin
B)
limited
value
for
success.
Emerging
biomarkers-including
anti-Müllerian
levels,
B
ratio,
specific
microRNAs,
long
non-coding
RNAs,
circular
germ-cell-specific
proteins
like
TEX101-show
promise
predicting
retrieval.
Advanced
techniques
high-frequency
ultrasound
functional
magnetic
resonance
offer
require
further
validation.
Integrating
algorithms
may
enhance
accuracy.
Conclusions:
Predicting
remains
challenging
using
conventional
parameters.
improve
validation
through
large-scale
studies.
Incorporating
could
refine
accuracy,
aiding
decision-making
improving
counseling
treatment
strategies
NOA.
