Polycystic ovary syndrome and thyroid disorder: a comprehensive narrative review of the literature DOI Creative Commons
Stefano Palomba, Carla Colombo, Andrea Busnelli

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Background Published data on the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid dysfunction are sparse confusing. Objective To comprehensively review available in literature regarding PCOS function, its abnormalities. Methods Nine main areas of interest were identified analyzed according to evidence: 1) Evaluation function for diagnosis; 2) Epidemiology function/disorders patients with PCOS, vice versa; 3) Experimental supporting PCOS; 4) Effects features, 5) Effect alterations cardiometabolic risk women 6) abnormalities reproductive outcomes 7) Relationship function/abnormalities who undergoing fertility treatment; 8) treatments diseases 9) function. An extensive search specific keywords was performed articles published from 1970 March 2023 using PubMed Web Science. Data reported a narrative fashion. Results is diagnosis exclusion which possible only after excluding disorders that mimic phenotype, including dysfunctions. However, tests cutoff values used this not specified. Many experimental clinical suggest perturbations PCOS. Direct unequivocal evidence effects features lacking. High thyroid-stimulating hormone levels subclinical hypothyroidism may be associated significant worsening several intermediate endpoints Thyroid worsen outcomes, especially treatment. date, there no demonstrating efficacy medications Lifestyle modification changes, metformin, vitamin D seem improve general population. Conclusion closely related, their coexistence identify higher metabolic risk. Regular screening thyroid-specific autoantibodies particularly before during pregnancy, highly recommended.

Language: Английский

Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome across various tissues: an updated review of pathogenesis, evaluation, and treatment DOI Creative Commons
Han Zhao, Jiaqi Zhang,

Xiangyi Cheng

et al.

Journal of Ovarian Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by chronic ovulation dysfunction and overabundance of androgens; it affects 6–20% women reproductive age. PCOS involves various pathophysiological factors, affected usually have significant insulin resistance (IR), which major cause PCOS. IR compensatory hyperinsulinaemia differing pathogeneses in tissues, varies among different phenotypes. Genetic epigenetic changes, hyperandrogenaemia, obesity aggravate IR. Insulin sensitization drugs are new treatment modality for We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, UpToDate databases this review, focused on the pathogenesis with pathophysiology tissues. In addition, review provides comprehensive overview current progress efficacy therapy management PCOS, providing latest evidence clinical

Language: Английский

Citations

159
A review of the pathophysiology of recurrent implantation failure DOI Creative Commons
Jason M. Franasiak,

Diana Alecsandru,

Eric J. Forman

et al.

Fertility and Sterility, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 116(6), P. 1436 - 1448

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

132
Polycystic ovary syndrome DOI
Elisabet Stener‐Victorin, Helena Teede, Robert J. Norman

et al.

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: April 18, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

92
An extended machine learning technique for polycystic ovary syndrome detection using ovary ultrasound image DOI Creative Commons
Sayma Alam Suha, Muhammad Nazrul Islam

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrinological abnormality and one of primary causes anovulatory infertility in women globally. The detection multiple cysts using ultrasonograpgy (USG) scans reliable approach for making an accurate diagnosis PCOS creating appropriate treatment plan to heal patients with this syndrome. Instead depending on error-prone manual identification, intelligent computer-aided cyst system can be a viable approach. Therefore, research, extended machine learning classification technique prediction has been proposed, trained tested over 594 USG images; where Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) incorporating different state-of-the-art techniques transfer employed feature extraction from then stacking ensemble conventional models as base learners bagging or boosting model meta-learner have used that reduced set classify between non-PCOS ovaries. proposed significantly enhances accuracy while also reducing training execution time comparing other existing ML based techniques. Again, following technique, best performing results are obtained by “VGGNet16” pre-trained CNN architecture extractor being “XGBoost” image classifier 99.89% classification.

Language: Английский

Citations

76
Dysregulation of immune response in PCOS organ system DOI Creative Commons
Jingxuan Wang, Tailang Yin, Su Liu

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 5, 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive endocrine disorder affecting women, which can lead to infertility. Infertility, obesity, hirsutism, acne, and irregular menstruation are just a few of issues that PCOS be linked to. has complicated pathophysiology range clinical symptoms. Chronic low-grade inflammation one features PCOS. The inflammatory environment involves immune metabolic disturbances. Numerous organ systems across body, in addition female system, have been affected by pathogenic role immunological dysregulation recent years. Insulin resistance hyperandrogenism associated with cell dysfunction cytokine imbalance. More importantly, obesity also involved PCOS, leading an women Hormone, interactions contribute pathogenesis Hormone imbalance may development autoimmune diseases. aim this review summarize pathophysiological various patients provide new ideas for systemic treatment future.

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Update on the therapeutic role of metformin in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Effects on pathophysiologic process and fertility outcomes DOI Creative Commons
K. Brand, Ulrike Hostalek, Aimee Andag‐Silva

et al.

Women s Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Influential guidelines have supported the role of metformin in management polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) for a number years. However, regulatory approvals this therapeutic indication are still exceptional and exist only few countries, including originator, Glucophage®. PCOS is an insulin-resistant state, which drives hyperandrogenism anovulatory infertility. The metabolic action involves amelioration insulin resistance, helps to resolve hormonal disturbances increases ovulation, pregnancy, live birth rates relative placebo. A combination with clomifene citrate (another widely used treatment PCOS) more effective than either alone useful option women clomifene-resistant PCOS. Combining letrozole (1st-line agent ovulation induction no other infertility risk factors) not alone. Continuing end 1st trimester at dose (e.g. 1000–2000 mg/day) may help reduce rate miscarriages. Metformin also has adjunctive receiving assisted reproduction technology (ART) using long gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist protocol, where it appears increase pregnancy ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. There short ART protocols. Where successful achieved, generally safe mother neonate. Further research needed define greater precision optimal dosage times initiate discontinue who achieve pregnancy.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Is fertility reduced in ovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome? An opinion paper DOI
Stefano Palomba

Human Reproduction, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(9), P. 2421 - 2428

Published: July 13, 2021

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility; however, whether women with PCOS and spontaneous or drug-induced ovulatory cycles have same reproductive potential as non-PCOS controls a matter debate. In present opinion paper, author takes opportunity to summarize collective evidence supporting hypothesis reduced fertility in PCOS, regardless status, speculate that may be caused by altered oocytes, embryo endometrial competence, infertility-related co-morbidities well an increased risk pregnancy complications.

Language: Английский

Citations

101
Impact of oral antibiotic treatment for chronic endometritis on pregnancy outcomes in the following frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles of infertile women: a cohort study of 640 embryo transfer cycles DOI Creative Commons

Yujing Xiong,

Qi Chen, Chunxiao Chen

et al.

Fertility and Sterility, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 116(2), P. 413 - 421

Published: April 26, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

62
Personalized Nutrition in the Management of Female Infertility: New Insights on Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation DOI Open Access
Gemma Fabozzi,

Giulia Verdone,

Mariachiara Allori

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1918 - 1918

Published: May 3, 2022

Increasing evidence on the significance of nutrition in reproduction is emerging from both animal and human studies, suggesting a mutual association between female fertility. Different “fertile” dietary patterns have been studied; however, humans, conflicting results or weak correlations are often reported, probably because individual variations genome, proteome, metabolome, microbiome extent exposure to different environmental conditions. In this scenario, “precision nutrition”, namely personalized based deep phenotyping metabolomics, microbiome, nutrigenetics each case, might be more efficient for infertile patients than applying generic nutritional approach. review, we report new insights into management patients, discussing main nutrigenetic, nutrigenomic, microbiomic aspects that should investigated achieve effective interventions. Specifically, will focus low-grade chronic inflammation, which associated with several infertility-related diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Abnormal Endometrial Receptivity and Oxidative Stress in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome DOI Creative Commons

Hongying Shan,

Renxin Luo,

Xuanying Guo

et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 25, 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of childbearing age. Individual heterogeneity evident, the prevalence rate ranges between 6 15% globally. The PCOS Chinese age 5.6%. main manifestations are infertility, sparse menstruation, irregular vaginal bleeding, long-term endometrial hyperplasia, cancer. often associated with hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, obesity, syndrome, intestinal flora disorder. Although there have been many studies past, underlying pathophysiological mechanism disease still unclear. Studies shown that diseases related complications closely to local oxidative stress imbalance endometrium, leading poor receptivity effects on pregnancy. Previous reviews mainly focused abnormal ovarian PCOS, while relatively insufficient. This study cellular molecular mechanisms due comorbidities downregulation receptivity.

Language: Английский

Citations

39