International Clones of High Risk of Acinetobacter Baumannii—Definitions, History, Properties and Perspectives

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 2115 - 2115

Published: Aug. 19, 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacillus with exceptional survival skills in an unfavorable environment and the ability to rapidly acquire antibiotic resistance, making it one of most successful hospital pathogens worldwide, representing serious threat public health. The global dissemination A. driven by several lineages named ‘international clones high risk’ (ICs), two which were first revealed 1970s. Epidemiological surveillance crucial tool for controlling spread this pathogen, currently increasingly involves whole genome sequencing. However, assignment particular isolate some IC based on its genomic sequence not always straightforward requires computational from researchers, while definitions found literature are sometimes controversial. In review, we will focus typing tools suitable determination, provide data easily determine MLST type (ST) intrinsic blaOXA-51-like gene variants, discuss history current nine known ICs, IC1-IC9, investigate representation ICs databases. cgMLST profiles, as well OXA-51-like presence provided all isolates available GenBank. possible emergence novel international clone, IC10, be discussed.

Language: Английский

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Genomic analysis of diverse environmental Acinetobacter isolates identifies plasmids, antibiotic resistance genes, and capsular polysaccharides shared with clinical strains

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 90(2)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

an important pathogen known for its widespread antibiotic resistance, has been the focus of extensive research within genus, primarily involving clinical isolates. Consequently, data on environmental

Language: Английский

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Phage therapy combats pan drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection safely and efficiently

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 64(2), P. 107220 - 107220

Published: May 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Whole-genome sequencing of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from a tertiary hospital in Terengganu, Malaysia (2011–2020), revealed the predominance of the Global Clone 2 lineage

Microbial Genomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2)

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of top priority pathogens. Despite its public health importance, genomic data clinical isolates from Malaysia remain scarce. In this study, whole-genome sequencing was performed on 126 A . collected main tertiary hospital in state Terengganu, Malaysia, over a 10-year period (2011–2020). Antimicrobial susceptibilities determined for 20 antibiotics belonging to 8 classes showed that 77.0% ( n =97/126) were categorized multidrug resistant (MDR), with all MDR being carbapenem resistant. Multilocus sequence typing analysis Terengganu A. into 34 Pasteur and 44 Oxford types (STs), ST2 Global Clone 2 lineage identified dominant ST =76/126; 60.3%). The could be subdivided six STs majority ST195 =35) ST208 =17). Various antimicrobial resistance genes bla OXA-23 -encoded carbapenemase predominant acquired gene =90/126; 71.4%). Plasmid-encoded rep nearly =122/126; 96.8%) Rep_3 family =121). virulence factors identified, highlighting pathogenic nature bacterium. Only 14/126 (11.1%) positive carriage CRISPR-Cas arrays none prevalent harbouring them. This study provided snapshot obtained single healthcare centre predominance closely related lineage, indicating entrenchment clone hospital.

Language: Английский

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Phage-mediated colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii

Drug Resistance Updates, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 101061 - 101061

Published: Jan. 28, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat to human health, and Acinetobacter baumannii paradigmatic example of how rapidly bacteria become resistant clinically relevant antimicrobials. The emergence multidrug-resistant A. strains has forced the revival colistin as last-resort drug, suddenly leading resistance. We investigated genetic molecular basis in baumannii, mechanisms implicated its regulation dissemination. Comparative genomic analysis was combined with genetic, biochemical, phenotypic assays characterize Φ19606, an temperate bacteriophage that carries gene. Ф19606 detected 41% 523 complete genomes demonstrated act mobile vehicle gene eptA1, encoding functional lipid A phosphoethanolamine transferase. eptA1 coregulated chromosomal homolog pmrC via PmrAB two-component system confers when induced by low calcium magnesium levels. Resistance selection showed eptA1-harbouring phage promotes spontaneous colistin-resistant mutants. Φ19606 unprecedented self-transmissible vector dissemination

Language: Английский

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Phylogenomic and phenotypic analyses highlight the diversity of antibiotic resistance and virulence in both human and non-human Acinetobacter baumannii

mSphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(3)

Published: March 5, 2024

is a Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen that causes infections in the immunocompromised. With high incidence of muti-drug resistance, carbapenem-resistant

Language: Английский

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Identification of further variation at the lipooligosaccharide outer core locus in Acinetobacter baumannii genomes and extension of the OCL reference sequence database for Kaptive

Microbial Genomics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(6)

Published: June 13, 2023

The outer core locus (OCL) that includes genes for the synthesis of variable region lipooligosaccharide (LOS) is one key epidemiological markers used tracing spread Acinetobacter baumannii , a bacterial pathogen global concern. In this study, we screened 12 476 publicly available A. genome assemblies novel OCL sequences, detecting six new types were designated OCL17–OCL22. These compiled with previously characterized sequences to create an updated version reference database, providing total 22 use bioinformatics tool Kaptive . Use database against downloaded found OCL1 be most common locus, present in 73.6 % sequenced genomes assigned by match confidence score good or above. was amongst isolates belonging sequence (STs) ST1, ST2, ST3 and ST78, all which are over-represented clonal lineages. highest level diversity eight different OCLs identified. download from GitHub ( https://github.com/klebgenomics/Kaptive ; under v. 2.0.5 ), has been integrated on Kaptive- Web https://kaptive-web.erc.monash.edu/ ) PathogenWatch https://pathogen.watch/ enhancing current methods strain identification, classification surveillance.

Language: Английский

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Loss of a Branch Sugar in the Acinetobacter baumannii K3-Type Capsular Polysaccharide Due To Frameshifts in the gtr6 Glycosyltransferase Gene Leads To Susceptibility To Phage APK37.1

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

The type of capsular polysaccharide (CPS) on the cell surface Acinetobacter baumannii can determine specificity lytic bacteriophage under consideration for therapeutic use. Here, we report isolation a phage an extensively antibiotic resistant ST2 A. isolate AB5001 that carries KL3 CPS biosynthesis gene cluster predicting K3-type CPS. As did not infect isolates carrying or KL22 and known to produce K3 CPS, structure isolated from was determined. produced variant form, K3-v1, lacks β-d-GlсpNAc side chain attached d-Galp residue in structure. Inspection sequence genomes other phage-susceptible with locus revealed single-base deletions gtr6, causing loss Gtr6 glycosyltransferase adds missing d-GlсpNAc Hence, presence this sugar profoundly restricts ability digest 41-kb linear double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome identical K37-producing thus named APK37.1. APK37.1 also infected KL116. Consistent this, K3-v1 resembles K37 K116 structures. is Friunavirus belonging Autographiviridae family. phage-encoded tail spike depolymerase DpoAPK37.1 closely related Dpo encoded by sequenced Friunaviruses, including APK37 APK116. IMPORTANCE Lytic have potential treatment otherwise untreatable antibiotic-resistant bacteria. For baumannii, most exhibit surface. However, resistance arise via mutations genes abolish receptor. show result alteration final rather than deletion capsule layer hence affect newly reported podophage strains producing

Language: Английский

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Friunavirus Phage-Encoded Depolymerases Specific to Different Capsular Types of Acinetobacter baumannii

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(10), P. 9100 - 9100

Published: May 22, 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii is a critical priority nosocomial pathogen that produces variety of capsular polysaccharides (CPSs), the primary receptors for specific depolymerase-carrying phages. In this study, tailspike depolymerases (TSDs) encoded in genomes six novel Friunaviruses, APK09, APK14, APK16, APK86, APK127v, APK128, and one previously described Friunavirus phage, APK37.1, were characterized. For all TSDs, mechanism cleavage corresponding A. (CPSs) was established. The structures oligosaccharide fragments derived from K9, K14, K16, K37/K3-v1, K86, K127, K128 CPSs degradation by recombinant have been determined. crystal three studied TSDs obtained. A significant reduction mortality Galleria mellonella larvae infected with K9 type shown example TSD APK09_gp48. data obtained will provide better understanding interaction phage-bacterial host systems contribute to formation principles rational usage lytic phages phage-derived enzymes as antibacterial agents.

Language: Английский

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Structural diversity among Acinetobacter baumannii K-antigens and its implication in the in silico serotyping

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 21, 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging opportunistic pathogen. It exhibits multi-, extreme-, and pan-drug resistance against several classes of antibiotics. Capsular polysaccharide (CPS or K-antigen) one the major virulence factors which aids A. in evading host immune system. K-antigens exploit Wzx/Wzy-dependent pathway that involves 13 different proteins for its assembly transport onto outer membrane. A total 64 (out 237 K-locus(KL) types) known K-antigen sugar repeating structures are discussed here classified into seven groups based on their initial sugars, QuiNAc4NAc, GalNAc, GlcNAc, Gal, QuiNAc/FucNAc, FucNAc, GlcNAc along with Leg5Ac7Ac/Leg5Ac7R. Thus, corresponding initializing glycosyltransferases (ItrA1, ItrA2, ItrA3, ItrA4, ItrB1, ItrB3, ItrA3 ItrB2) exhibit serotype specificity. The modeled 3D-structural repository can be accessed at https://project.iith.ac.in/ABSD/k_antigen.html . topology further reveals presence 2-6 0-4 monomers main side chains, respectively. negatively (predominant) neutrally charged observed Such diversity composition provides K-typing specificity ( viz ., 18–69% terms reliability) Wza, Wzb, Wzc, Wzx, Wzy involved pathway. Interestingly, degree uniqueness these among K-types estimated to 76.79%, considering reference sequences. This article summarizes structural creation a digital systematic analysis transportation marker proteins.

Language: Английский

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