Air pollution and indoor settings

World Allergy Organization Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 100499 - 100499

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Indoor environments contribute significantly to total human exposure air pollutants, as people spend most of their time indoors. Household pollution (HAP) resulting from cooking with polluting ("dirty") fuels, which include coal, kerosene, and biomass (wood, charcoal, crop residues, animal manure) is a global environmental health problem. pollutants are gases, particulates, toxins, microorganisms among others, that can have an impact especially on the children adults through combination different mechanisms oxidative stress gene activation, epigenetic, cellular, immunological systems. Air major risk factor contributor morbidity mortality chronic diseases. Children affected by environment due biological immaturity, prenatal postnatal lung development. Poor quality has been related increased prevalence clinical manifestations allergic asthma rhinitis. Health professionals should increase role in managing better methods care, prevention, collective action. Interventions reduce household may promote be achieved education, community, professional involvement.

Language: Английский

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Climate change and global health: A call to more research and more action

Allergy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 77(5), P. 1389 - 1407

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

There is increasing understanding, globally, that climate change and increased pollution will have a profound mostly harmful effect on human health. This review brings together international experts to describe both the direct (such as heat waves) indirect vector-borne disease incidence) health impacts of change. These vary depending vulnerability (i.e., existing diseases) international, economic, political, environmental context. unique also expands these issues address third category potential longer-term global health: famine, population dislocation, justice education. scholarly resource explores fully, linking them in urban rural settings developed developing countries. The finishes with practical discussion action professionals around world our field can yet take.

Language: Английский

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Air pollution and climate change as grand challenges to sustainability

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 928, P. 172370 - 172370

Published: April 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Updated epithelial barrier dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis: Targeting pathophysiology and treatment response of tight junctions

Allergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79(5), P. 1146 - 1165

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Abstract Tight junction (TJ) proteins establish a physical barrier between epithelial cells, playing crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by safeguarding host tissues against pathogens, allergens, antigens, irritants, etc. Recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that abnormal expression TJs plays essential the development and progression inflammatory airway diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, allergic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis (CRS) with or without nasal polyps. Among them, CRS polyps is prevalent disease affects cavity paranasal sinuses, leading to poor prognosis significantly impacting patients' quality life. Its pathogenesis primarily involves dysfunction barrier, impaired mucociliary clearance, disordered immune response, excessive remodeling. Numerous elucidated pivotal both response traditional therapies CRS. We therefore review discuss potential factors contributing impair repair epithelium based on their structure, function, formation process.

Language: Английский

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Combined Effect of Hot Weather and Outdoor Air Pollution on Respiratory Health: Literature Review

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 790 - 790

Published: June 19, 2021

Association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and respiratory health is well documented. At the same time, it widely known that extreme weather events intrinsically exacerbate impact. Particularly, hot temperatures during heat waves (HW) significantly affect human health, increasing risks of mortality morbidity. Concurrently, a synergistic effect high can be combined with weather–air interaction wildfires. The purpose current review summarize literature on interplay weather, pollution, consequences worldwide, ultimate goal identifying most dangerous agents vulnerable population groups. A search was conducted using electronic databases Web Science, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, focusing only peer-reviewed journal articles published in English from 2000 2021. main findings demonstrate increased level PM10 O3 results higher rates cardiopulmonary mortality. Increments PM2.5 PM10, O3, CO, NO2 concentrations temperature episodes are dramatically associated admissions hospital patients chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, daily emergency transports for asthma, acute bronchitis, premature caused by disease. Excessive risk more pronounced elderly cohorts small children. Both outdoor synergistically linked expected serious future due greater climate instability, being crucial threat global public requires responsible involvement researchers at all levels. Sustainable urban planning smart city design could reduce both islands pollution.

Language: Английский

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Childhood asthma outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Findings from the PeARL multi‐national cohort

Allergy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 76(6), P. 1765 - 1775

Published: Feb. 21, 2021

Abstract Background The interplay between COVID‐19 pandemic and asthma in children is still unclear. We evaluated the impact of on childhood outcomes. Methods PeARL multinational cohort included 1,054 with 505 non‐asthmatic aged 4 18 years from 25 pediatric departments, 15 countries globally. compared frequency acute respiratory febrile presentations during first wave groups data available previous year. In asthma, we also current historical disease control. Results During pandemic, experienced fewer upper tract infections, episodes pyrexia, emergency visits, hospital admissions, attacks, hospitalizations due to comparison preceding Sixty‐six percent asthmatic had improved control while 33% improvement exceeded minimal clinically important difference. Pre‐bronchodilatation FEV 1 peak expiratory flow rate were pandemic. When controls, not at increased risk LRTIs, or However, an URTIs emerged. Conclusion Childhood outcomes, including control, probably because reduced exposure triggers treatment adherence. decreased does support notion that may be a factor for COVID‐19. Furthermore, potential improving outcomes through environmental becomes apparent.

Language: Английский

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The Hygiene Hypothesis and New Perspectives—Current Challenges Meeting an Old Postulate

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 18, 2021

During its 30 years history, the Hygiene Hypothesis has shown itself to be adaptable whenever it been challenged by new scientific developments and this is a still continuously ongoing process. In regard, mini review aims discuss some selected in relation their impact on further fine-tuning expansion of Hypothesis. This will include role recently discovered classes innate adaptive immune cells that challenges old Th1/Th2 paradigm, applicability newly identified allergy/asthma phenotypes with diverse underlying pathomechanistic endotypes, increasing knowledge derived from epigenetic studies leads better understanding mechanisms involved translation environmental impacts biological systems. Further, we brief other disease areas like psychiatric disorders cancer conclude developing may provide more generalized explanation for health burden highly industrialized countries also global changes.

Language: Английский

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IL-4/IL-13 axis as therapeutic targets in allergic rhinitis and asthma

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10, P. e13444 - e13444

Published: May 30, 2022

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder of the upper airway, while asthma disease affecting lower airway and both diseases are usually comorbid. Interleukin (IL)-4 IL-13 critical cytokines in induction pathogenic Th2 responses AR asthma. Targeting IL-4/IL-13 axis at various levels its signaling pathway has emerged as promising targeted therapy patient populations. In this review, we discuss biological characteristics IL-4 IL-13, their pathways, therapeutic antibodies against each cytokine well receptors. particular, pleiotropic roles orchestrating patients indicate that dual blockade strategy for diseases.

Language: Английский

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The External Exposome and Allergies: From the Perspective of the Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis

Frontiers in Allergy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: July 8, 2022

Introduction In the last decades, we have seen a rapid increase in prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. The environmental changes caused by industrialization, urbanization modernization, including dramatic increases air pollutants particulate matter (PM), diesel exhaust, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), alarming effects global warming, change loss biodiversity, affect both human health entire ecosystem. Objective this review, aimed to discuss external exposome on epithelial barriers its relationship with development considering all stakeholders outer together, light recently proposed barrier hypothesis. Method To reach current, prominent, comprehensive studies subject, PubMed databases were searched. We included more resounding articles reliable strong results. Results Exposure altered factors increased pollution, microplastics, nanoparticles, tobacco smoke, emulsifiers, detergents, household cleaners, climate change, microbial modifications consumption dietary fatty acids, use preservatives decrease antioxidant content widely consumed western diet may disrupt skin, respiratory gastrointestinal tracts, making us vulnerable exogeneous allergens microbes. Epithelial cell activation, dysbiosis bacterial translocation immune balance chronic Th2 inflammation ensues. Conclusion Dramatic worrisome dysbiosis, changing habits complex interactions these local systemic inflammation. want draw attention emerging motivate public influence government policies for well-being humans nature earth future generations.

Language: Английский

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An integrated analysis of air pollution from US coal-fired power plants

Geoscience Frontiers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 101498 - 101498

Published: Oct. 30, 2022

The United States is one of the world's leaders in electricity production, generating about 4116 billion kWh 2021, which coal accounted for 21.8% total. This study applies an integrated approach using both terrestrial and satellite data to specifically examine emissions from coal-fired power plants its spatial extent. also highlights effectiveness government policies reduce emissions. It was found that emission pollutants country's energy sector has been steadily declining, with annual sulfur dioxide (SO2) nitrogen oxides (NOx) decreasing US electric between 1990 2020 by 93.4% 84.8%, respectively, carbon (CO2) 37% 2007 2020. Although overall are some individual have yet install environmental equipment control According data, major emitters SO2, NOx, CO2 Martin Lake plant East Texas, Labadie near St. Louis, Missouri, James H Miller Jr Birmingham, Alabama. integrates TROPOMI detect point plants. While highest levels measured were over cities areas fossil fuel extraction, could clearly distinguish pollution caused more rural areas. made great strides reducing plants, these still represent a source remain concern. Totally eliminating as will be difficult higher demands resulting transition automobiles.

Language: Английский

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