Recent advances in vulvovaginal Candidiasis research: A narrative review DOI Creative Commons
Debasmita Dubey,

Gopal Krishna Purohit,

Shakti Rath

et al.

Novel Research in Microbiology Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(6), P. 2188 - 2198

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a significant public health concern, and current article focuses primarily on understanding this infection's molecular processes. The hosts defence mechanisms their dysregulation, such as the innate immune response genetic susceptibility factors, play crucial role in determining to VVC. Candida-host interactions vaginal environment, including adhesion tissue invasion, have been extensively investigated, revealing intricate strategies employed by Candida spp. colonize persist human host. Moreover, virulence factors secreted spp., hydrolytic enzymes toxins, contribute damage modulation of response, aiding survival evasion host defences. formation biofilms complex structures, which are composed fungal cells encased an extracellular matrix, has emerged essential aspect VVC pathogenesis. Biofilms confer enhanced resistance antifungal agents, leading treatment challenges recurrent infections. Advancements various diagnostic techniques also played pivotal research. Molecular diagnostics, next-generation sequencing, proteomic approaches offer improved accuracy rapid identification enabling precise diagnosis personalized strategies. Such for developing novel therapeutic targets, disrupting mechanisms, inhibiting factor production, targeting biofilm formation. These advances hold promise more effective preventive strategies, interventions, tools. Overall, review aimed discuss recent research that provides valuable insights into infection driving vulvovaginal diagnosis, ultimately improving quality life women affected disease.

Language: Английский

The Candida albicans reference strain SC5314 contains a rare, dominant allele of the transcription factor Rob1 that modulates filamentation, biofilm formation, and oral commensalism DOI Creative Commons
Virginia E. Glazier,

Juraj Kramara,

Tomye Ollinger

et al.

mBio, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(5)

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Candida albicans is a commensal fungus that colonizes the human oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract but also causes mucosal as well invasive disease. The expression of virulence traits in C. clinical isolates heterogeneous genetic basis this heterogeneity high interest. reference strain SC5314 highly expresses robust filamentation biofilm formation relative to many other isolates. Here, we show derivatives are heterozygous for transcription factor Rob1 contain an allele with rare gain-of-function SNP drives filamentation, formation, model oropharyngeal candidiasis. These findings explain, part, outlier phenotype highlight role heterozygosity plays strain-to-strain variation diploid fungal pathogens.

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Fungal biofilms in human health and disease DOI
Gordon Ramage, Ryan Kean, Riina Rautemaa‐Richardson

et al.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Systematic analysis of the Candida albicans kinome reveals environmentally contingent protein kinase-mediated regulation of filamentation and biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo DOI Creative Commons

Juraj Kramara,

Min-Ju Kim,

Tomye L. Ollinger

et al.

mBio, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(8)

Published: July 1, 2024

Protein kinases are critical regulatory proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Accordingly, protein represent a common drug target for wide range of human diseases. Therefore, understanding kinase function pathogens such as the fungus

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Host immune response against fungal biofilms DOI Creative Commons
Mohammad Abdul Mannan, Sunna Nabeela,

Reetakshi Mishra

et al.

Current Opinion in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81, P. 102520 - 102520

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Fungal biofilms are a multilayered community of cells attached to mucosal or abiotic surfaces enclosed in coating self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix. The sheer density protected by shield not only makes the biofilm impermeable antimicrobials immune but also hidden from host recognition. Biofilms serve as reservoir drug-resistant persister and dispersal armored with virulence factors adept at evading system. Here, we summarize latest knowledge on immunomodulatory properties formed Candida species other biofilm-forming fungal pathogens such Aspergillus Cryptococcus. Finally, deliberate promising strategies help activate system for combating biofilms.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Can Caenorhabditis elegans Serve as a Reliable Model for Drug and Nutraceutical Discovery? DOI Creative Commons
Opeyemi Deji-Oloruntoba, Taiwo O. Elufioye, Stephen A. Adefegha

et al.

Applied Biosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 23 - 23

Published: May 2, 2025

Experimental research demands the selection of appropriate models to align with study objectives and conditions. Traditional experimental models, such as in vivo animal studies vitro systems like organoids, present nutraceutical pharmaceutical limitations high cost, ethical concerns, long lifespan, difficult genetic manipulation. Caenorhabditis elegans has proved be a valuable model result its physiological similarities higher organisms, fully sequenced genome, short life cycle, transparency. These features enable high-throughput screening, molecular pathway analysis, lifespan healthspan assays. C. significantly advanced discovery bioactive molecules therapeutic potential, shedding light on aging, neurodegeneration, metabolic disorders, immune responses. Its utility pharmacokinetics validation nutraceuticals underscores role longevity health research. Additionally, conserved stress response, apoptosis, pathogen recognition pathways facilitate pharmacological interventions for inflammation, oxidative stress, infections. This evaluates applicability analyses drug efficacy testing, discusses relevant advancements, associated difficulties, what expect

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Limosilactobacillus reuteri AJCR4: A Potential Probiotic in the Fight Against Oral Candida spp. Biofilms DOI Open Access
António Rajão, João P. N. Silva, Diana Luísa Almeida-Nunes

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 638 - 638

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Oral candidiasis is one of the most common infections in immunocompromised. Biofilms Candida species can make treatments difficult, leading to oral infection recurrence. This research aimed isolate a Lactobacillus with anti-Candida effects from cavity. An was isolated caries-free individuals. The best evaluated against spp. planktonic and biofilm forms. bacterial impacts on biofilms’ adhesion acrylic discs were analyzed through an vitro test. L. reuteri AJCR4 had activity preliminary screening. Results promising both biofilms, particularly C. albicans SC5314 tropicalis ATCC750, where no viable cells detected when using cell-free supernatant (undiluted). In glabrata ATCC2001 parapsilosis ATCC22019 reductions 3 Log10 more than 2 Log10, respectively, noted cell suspension ACJR4 (108 CFU/mL). On polymethyl methacrylate discs, reduced adhesion, resulting detection surface. conclusion, demonstrated notable antifungal biofilms. its postbiotic be potential alternative strategy candidiasis, especially treat recalcitrant infections.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Retinoids as Alternative Antifungal Agents Against Candida albicans: In Vitro and In Silico Evidence DOI Creative Commons
Terenzio Cosio, Alice Romeo,

Enrico Salvatore Pistoia

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 237 - 237

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Candida albicans (C. albicans) is the most common pathogen responsible for a wide spectrum of human infections ranging from superficial mucocutaneous mycoses to systemic life-threatening diseases. Its main virulence factors are morphological transition between yeast and hyphal forms ability produce biofilm. Novel antifungal strategies required given severity candidiasis, especially in immunocompromised patients, lack effective anti-biofilm treatments. We previously demonstrated that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite vitamin A, exerted inhibitory effect on growth, yeast–hyphal biofilm formation. Here, we further investigated possible anti-Candida potential trifarotene tazarotene, which other two molecules belonging retinoid family, compared ATRA. The results indicate both drugs were able suppress germination production, although was proven be more than showing effectiveness comparable In silico studies suggest all three retinoids may exert activity through their molecular interactions with heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 14α-demethylase C. albicans. Moreover, ergosterol have been observed, suggesting those compounds great against infections.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The role of the Candida biofilm matrix in drug and immune protection DOI Creative Commons
S Roy, Neil A. R. Gow

The Cell Surface, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10, P. 100111 - 100111

Published: Oct. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Candida albicans Biofilm-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Are Involved in the Tolerance to Caspofungin, Biofilm Detachment, and Fungal Proteolytic Activity DOI Creative Commons
Justyna Karkowska‐Kuleta, Kamila Kulig, Grażyna Braś

et al.

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 1078 - 1078

Published: Nov. 4, 2023

It has been repeatedly reported that the cells of organisms in all kingdoms life produce nanometer-sized lipid membrane-enveloped extracellular vesicles (EVs), transporting and protecting various substances cellular origin. While composition EVs produced by human pathogenic fungi studied recent decades, another important challenge is analysis their functionality. Thus far, fungal have shown to play significant roles intercellular communication, biofilm production, modulation host immune cell responses. In this study, we verified involvement biofilm-derived two different strains Candida albicans-C. albicans SC5314 3147 (ATCC 10231)-in aspects function examining its thickness, stability, metabolic activity, viability presence antifungal drug caspofungin. Furthermore, proteolytic activity against kininogen-derived antimicrobial peptide NAT26 was confirmed HPLC for C. are known carry, among others, particular members secreted aspartic proteinases (Saps) family. conclusion, derived from biofilms were be involved tolerance caspofungin, detachment, activity.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
SCRAPPY - a single cell rapid assay of proteome perturbation in yeast uncovers a joint role of aromatic amino acids and oxidative stress in the toxicity of lipophilic nucleoside analogs DOI Open Access

Eslam S. M. O. Ghazy,

Victoria A. Bidiuk, Fedor Ryabov

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

ABSTRACT Assaying cellular responses to antimicrobial molecules is a path understanding modes of action potential drugs. This often achieved via transcriptomics and proteomics, but simple inexpensive methods for rapid characterization are lacking. To bridge this gap, we assayed changes in the abundance panel 64 “sentinel” proteins fused GFP yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae using flow cytometry. method produced expected patterns classical antifungals allowed inference common mechanisms between known novel compounds. Single-cell data also revealed diverging mitochondrial protein response thiazolidine antifungals, perturbations cell cycle caused by various Finally, provided insight into unknown mode alkylated nucleosides, which can be used against fungi residing on works art. These substances elevate levels involved biosynthesis aromatic amino acids (AAA), as well oxidative stress. Furthermore, deficiencies Trp Tyr increased efficacy these compounds, while antioxidants reduced it. Most surprisingly, antioxidant effectiveness relied AAA biosynthesis. Thus, our approach its possible modifications other microbes provides an easy reliable platform revealing

Language: Английский

Citations

2