Massive genome inversion drives coexistence of divergent morphs in common quails

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 32(2), P. 462 - 469.e6

Published: Nov. 29, 2021

Language: Английский

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Genetic differentiation, demographic history and distribution models of high alpine endemic vicariants outline the response of species to predicted climate changes in a Central Asian biodiversity hotspot

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 144, P. 109419 - 109419

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Understanding species distribution, genetic diversification and evolutionary history is extremely important for mountainous regions with a high diversity of endemic species, which are particularly sensitive to climate change. In this study, we use environmental molecular data obtained from genome-wide analyses infer the variability, demographic processes, response cold-adapted, geographical-vicariants Stipa gracilis (distributed in Tian Shan Mts) S. zeravshanica western Pamir-Alai Quaternary climatic oscillations Central Asian mountain biodiversity hotspot. Genomic-based reconstructions indicate that examined endemics presented larger effective population sizes during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) period experienced parallel declines afterward. The results fastSTRUCTURE analysis revealed three clusters within populations two zeravshanica. past distribution models reveals glacial connectivity both resulting detection an admixture genes specimens westernmost 'Alaian' gracilis. Although occurrence closely associated calcareous rocks, differences ranges distributions depend mostly on factors, especially temperature precipitation. wider realized ecological niche allows it better adapt global warming potentially extend its range future, while zeravshanica, narrower niche, more susceptible changes at risk extinction. findings will contribute understanding factors shaping differentiation provide theoretical basis their conservation by identifying areas change hotspots.

Language: Английский

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Methodological Insight Into Mosquito Microbiome Studies

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: March 17, 2020

Symbiotic bacteria affect competence for pathogen transmission in insect vectors, including mosquitoes. However, knowledge on mosquito-microbiome-pathogen interactions remains limited, largely due to methodological reasons. The current, cost-effective practice of sample pooling used mosquito surveillance and epidemiology prevents correlation individual traits (i.e., microbiome profile) infection status. Moreover, many studies employ laboratory-reared colonies that do not necessarily reflect the natural composition variation wild populations. As a consequence, epidemiological mosquitoes are some extent uncoupled, among pathogens, microbiomes, populations remain poorly understood. This study focuses effect poses profiles, tests different approaches find an optimized low-cost methodology extensive sampling while allowing accurate, individual-level studies. We tested by comparing wild-caught, individually processed with pooled samples. With mosquitoes, we also two aspects directly cost feasibility broad-scale molecular studies: preservation tissue dissection. Pooling affected both alpha- beta-diversity measures microbiome, highlighting importance using samples when possible. Both RNA DNA yields were higher inexpensive reagents such as NAP (nucleic acid preservation) buffer or absolute ethanol, without freezing short-term storage. Microbiome did show overall significant differences between treatments compared controls (freshly extracted dissected guts). use standardized protocols is highly recommended avoid bias data.

Language: Английский

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Endemism and diversity of small mammals along two neighboring Bornean mountains

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7, P. e7858 - e7858

Published: Oct. 8, 2019

Mountains offer replicated units with large biotic and abiotic gradients in a reduced spatial scale. This transforms them into well-suited scenarios to evaluate biogeographic theories. Mountain biogeography is hot topic of research many theories have been proposed describe the changes biodiversity elevation. Geometric constraints, which predict highest diversity occur mid-elevations, focal part this discussion. Despite this, there no general theory explain these patterns, probably because interaction among different predictors local effects historical factors. We characterize small non-volant mammals across elevational gradient on Mount (Mt.) Kinabalu (4,095 m) Mt. Tambuyukon (2,579 m), two neighboring mountains Borneo, Malaysia. documented decrease species richness elevation deviates from expectations geometric constraints suggests that factors (e.g., larger areas) are important. The lowland mammal community was replaced higher elevations (from above ~1,900 montane communities consisting mainly high Borneo endemics. positive correlation we find between endemism concordant hypothesis predicts topographical isolation. supports lineage history geographic could be important drivers region.

Language: Английский

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Glacial connectivity and current population fragmentation in sky islands explain the contemporary distribution of genomic variation in two narrow‐endemic montane grasshoppers from a biodiversity hotspot

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(9), P. 1619 - 1633

Published: June 11, 2021

Abstract Aim Cold‐adapted biotas from mid‐latitudes often show small population sizes, harbour low levels of local genetic diversity and are highly vulnerable to extinction due ongoing climate warming the progressive shrinking montane alpine ecosystems. In this study, we use a suite analytical approaches infer demographic processes that have shaped contemporary patterns genomic variation in Omocestus bolivari femoralis , two narrow‐endemic red‐listed Iberian grasshoppers forming fragmented populations sky island archipelago Baetic System. Location South‐eastern Iberia. Methods We quantified focal taxa coupled ecological niche models spatiotemporally explicit simulation approach based on coalescent theory determine relative statistical support competing scenarios representing isolation (i.e. predominant role drift) versus historical connectivity post‐glacial colonization islands pulses gene flow drift linked Pleistocene glacial cycles). Results Inference spatial structure, environmental modelling evaluation alternative species‐specific within an approximate Bayesian computation framework collectively supported admixture during periods islands, rather than long‐term isolation, as scenario best explaining current distribution taxa. Moreover, our analyses revealed has also led extraordinary fragmentation contributed reduce diversity. Main conclusions This study exemplifies potential integrating data across biological replicates whether organisms with similar habitat requirements experienced concerted/idiosyncratic responses Quaternary climatic oscillations, which can ultimately help reach more general about vulnerability mountain biodiversity hotspots warming.

Language: Английский

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Demographic consequences of dispersal‐related trait shift in two recently diverged taxa of montane grasshoppers*

Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 75(8), P. 1998 - 2013

Published: March 1, 2021

Although the pervasiveness of intraspecific wing-size polymorphism and transitions to flightlessness have long captivated biologists, demographic outcomes shifts in dispersal ability are not yet well understood been seldom studied at early stages diversification. Here, we use genomic data infer consequences dispersal-related trait variation taxonomically controversial short-winged (Chorthippus corsicus corsicus) long-winged pascuorum) Corsican grasshoppers. Our analyses revealed lack contemporary hybridization between sympatric long- forms phylogenomic reconstructions supported their taxonomic distinctiveness, rejecting hypothesis wing polymorphism. Statistical evaluation alternative models speciation strongly a scenario Pleistocene divergence (<1.5 Ma) with ancestral gene flow. According neutral expectations from differences capacity, historical effective migration rates taxon were threefold higher than opposite direction. populations two taxa present marked genetic structure experienced parallel histories, our coalescent-based suggest that reduced has fueled diversification C. c. corsicus. Collectively, study illustrates how reduction can speed up geographical increase opportunity for allopatric topographically complex landscapes.

Language: Английский

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Emerging genomic applications in mammalian ecology, evolution, and conservation

Journal of Mammalogy, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 100(3), P. 786 - 801

Published: Jan. 22, 2019

Genomic technologies have advanced rapidly in recent decades and ushered an exciting new era for the study of mammals. Mammalogists working with non-model species are now able to explore many research areas that were unimaginable only a short time ago. For example, it is currently possible individual researchers sequence assemble genomes mammalian their choosing generate genome-wide DNA data from hundreds individuals simultaneously. Moreover, miniaturization both PCR sequencing technology has created opportunities generating real-time or RNA field. Here, we highlight emerging genomic associated methods providing avenues mammalogists fields evolutionary genomics ecology. Our aim not provide resource novel experimental design, but also record current state applications as American Society enters century discovery.

Language: Английский

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Pleistocene climate fluctuations drove demographic history of African golden wolves (Canis lupaster)

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(23), P. 6101 - 6120

Published: Dec. 29, 2020

Abstract Pleistocene climate change impacted entire ecosystems throughout the world. In northern hemisphere, distribution of Arctic species expanded during glacial periods, while more temperate and mesic contracted into climatic refugia, where isolation drove genetic divergence. Cycles local cooling warming in Sahara region Africa caused repeated contractions expansions savannah‐like environments which connected isolated refugia interglacial times, possibly driving population contractions; divergence geneflow associated fauna. Here, we use whole genome sequences African golden wolves ( Canis lupaster ), a generalist mesopredator with wide to estimate their demographic history past episodes geneflow. We detect correlation between times cycles increased aridity‐associated cycles. A complex responses different lineages was found, including relict lineage north High Atlas Mountains Morocco that has been for than 18,000 years, distinct ecotype.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary history of Sundaland shrews (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae:Crocidura) with a focus on Borneo

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 194(2), P. 478 - 501

Published: June 21, 2021

Abstract The hyperdiverse shrew genus Crocidura is one of few small mammal genera distributed across Sundaland and all its boundaries. This represents a rare opportunity to study the geological history this region through evolutionary these shrews. We generate phylogeny recognized species show that most speciation events took place during Pleistocene, prior inundation Sunda Shelf around 400 000 years ago. find east–west differentiation within two separate lineages on Borneo, current taxonomy endemic does not reflect history, but ecophenotypic variation plastic traits related elevation. Sulawesi shrews are monophyletic, with single notable exception: black-footed (C. nigripes). diverged from relatives Borneo recently, suggesting human-assisted breach Wallace’s line. Overall, number species, especially probably remains an underestimate.

Language: Английский

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Mitogenomes Reveal Multiple Colonization of Mountains by Rattus in Sundaland

Journal of Heredity, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 111(4), P. 392 - 404

Published: May 25, 2020

Abstract Tropical mountains are cradles of biodiversity and endemism. Sundaland, tropical Southeast Asia, hosts 3 species Rattus endemic to elevations above 2000 m with an apparent convergence in external morphology: korinchi R. hoogerwerfi from Sumatra, baluensis Borneo. A fourth one, tiomanicus, is restricted lowland across the whole region. The origins these endemics little known due absence a robust phylogenetic framework. We use complete mitochondrial genomes high altitude Rattus, several related determine their relationships, date divergences, reconstruct history colonization, test for selection on DNA. show that mountain colonization happened independently Borneo (&lt;390 Kya) Sumatra (~1.38 Mya), likely lineages. origin Bornean very recent its genetic diversity nested within tiomanicus. found weak evidence positive high-elevation lineages attributed greater nonsynonymous mutations branches (specially baluensis) lesser purifying having acted terminal phylogeny.

Language: Английский

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