Temperature as a modulator of sexual selection

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 95(6), P. 1607 - 1629

Published: July 20, 2020

A central question in ecology and evolution is to understand why sexual selection varies so much strength across taxa; it has long been known that ecological factors are crucial this. Temperature a particularly salient abiotic factor modulates wide range of physiological, morphological behavioural traits, impacting individuals populations at global taxonomic scale. Furthermore, temperature exhibits substantial temporal variation (e.g. daily, seasonally inter-seasonally), hence for most species the wild will regularly unfold dynamic thermal environment. Unfortunately, studies have far almost completely neglected role as modulator selection. Here, we outline main pathways through which can affect intensity form (i.e. mechanisms) selection, via: (i) direct effects on secondary traits preferences trait variance, opportunity trait-fitness covariance), (ii) indirect key mating parameters, sex-specific reproductive costs/benefits, trade-offs, demography correlated factors. Building upon this framework, show that, by focusing exclusively first-order environmental linked with individual fitness population viability, current warming may be ignoring eco-evolutionary feedbacks mediated Finally, tested general prediction conducting meta-analysis available experimentally manipulating reporting variance male/female success and/or under Our results clear association between measures both sexes. In short, suggest studying feedback processes vital developing better understanding nature, its consequences viability response change warming).

Language: Английский

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Understanding how temperature shifts could impact infectious disease

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(11), P. e3000938 - e3000938

Published: Nov. 24, 2020

Climate change is expected to have complex effects on infectious diseases, causing some increase, others decrease, and many shift their distributions. There been several important advances in understanding the role of climate wildlife human disease dynamics over past years. This essay examines 3 major areas advancement, which include improvements mechanistic models, investigations into importance variability dynamics, consequences thermal mismatches between host parasites. Applying new information derived from these climate–disease models addressing pressing knowledge gaps that we identify should improve capacity predict how will affect risk for both humans.

Language: Английский

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Distinguishing between active plasticity due to thermal acclimation and passive plasticity due toQ₁₀effects: Why methodology matters

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 1015 - 1028

Published: Jan. 20, 2020

Abstract Characterizing thermal acclimation is a common goal of eco‐physiological studies and has important implications for models climate change environmental adaptation. However, quantifying in biological rate processes not straightforward because many rates increase with temperature due to the acute effect thermodynamics on molecular interactions. Disentangling such passive plastic responses from active critical describing patterns acclimation. Here, we reviewed published distinguished between different study designs measuring (i.e. passive) acclimated active) effects metabolic rate. We then developed method quantify classify by comparing Q 10 values. Finally, applied this using meta‐analysis characterize ectothermic animals. 258 rates, found that majority these (74%) did allow independent Such were more when testing aquatic taxa continue be even recent years. A 96 where could quantified (using 1,072 values) revealed ‘partial compensation’ was most response tended offset changes). ‘no acclimation’ ‘inverse compensation’, which further augmented rate, also common. Acclimation differed among taxa, habitats experimental design. Amphibians other terrestrial show weak responses, whereas fishes stronger compensatory responses. Increasing how long animal allowed adjust new test increased response, but body size not. longer durations. Collectively, results highlight importance appropriate design investigate estimate rates. To facilitate guide future acclimation, end some suggestions designing interpreting experiments. free Plain Language Summary can within Supporting Information article.

Language: Английский

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How will mosquitoes adapt to climate warming?

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Aug. 17, 2021

The potential for adaptive evolution to enable species persistence under a changing climate is one of the most important questions understanding impacts future change. Climate adaptation may be particularly likely short-lived ectotherms, including many pest, pathogen, and vector species. For these taxa, estimating critical accurate predictive modeling public health preparedness. Here, we demonstrate how simple theoretical framework used in conservation biology-evolutionary rescue models-can investigate using mosquito thermal as focal case. Synthesizing current evidence, find that short generation times, high population growth rates, strong temperature-imposed selection favor adaptation. However, knowledge gaps about extent phenotypic genotypic variation tolerance within populations, environmental sensitivity selection, role plasticity constrain our ability make more precise estimates. We describe common garden experiments can fill data gaps. Lastly, consequences on disease transmission Aedes aegypti-transmitted dengue virus Northern Brazil case study. approach outlined here applied any or pest type

Language: Английский

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Climate impacts on organisms, ecosystems and human societies: integrating OCLTT into a wider context

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 224(Suppl_1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

ABSTRACT Physiological studies contribute to a cause and effect understanding of ecological patterns under climate change identify the scope limits adaptation. Across most habitats, this requires analyzing organism responses warming, which can be modified by other drivers such as acidification oxygen loss in aquatic environments or excess humidity drought on land. Experimental findings support hypothesis that width temperature range thermal performance curves relate biogeographical range. Current warming causes shifts, hypothesized include constraints aerobic power budget turn are elicited limitations supply capacity relation demand. Different metabolic scopes involved may set borders both fundamental niche (at standard rate) realized routine rate). Relative for also species interact with others at ecosystem level. Niche widths shifting probably interdependent across life stages, young adults being least thermally vulnerable. The principles tolerance apply endotherms including humans, their habitat human society. Overall, phylogenetically based comparisons would need consider cycle well functional properties zones time scales. This Review concludes perspective how mechanism-based allows scrutinizing often simplified modeling approaches projecting future impacts risks terrestrial ecosystems. It emphasizes usefulness consensus-building process among experimentalists better recognition debate.

Language: Английский

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Does Plasticity Trade Off With Basal Heat Tolerance?

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 35(10), P. 874 - 885

Published: June 5, 2020

Language: Английский

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Limited plasticity in thermally tolerant ectotherm populations: evidence for a trade-off

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 288(1958), P. 20210765 - 20210765

Published: Sept. 8, 2021

Many species face extinction risks owing to climate change, and there is an urgent need identify which species' populations will be most vulnerable. Plasticity in heat tolerance, includes acclimation or hardening, occurs when prior exposure a warmer temperature changes organism's upper thermal limit. The capacity for could provide protection against warming, but work has found few generalizable patterns explain variation this trait. Here, we report the results of, our knowledge, first meta-analysis examine within-species plasticity, using from 20 studies (19 species) that quantified capacities across 78 populations. We used meta-regression evaluate two leading hypotheses. variability hypothesis predicts more thermally variable habitats have greater while trade-off with lowest tolerance greatest plasticity. Our analysis indicates strong support because had reduced These advance understanding of populations' susceptibility change imply highest may limited phenotypic plasticity adjust ongoing warming.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of vertebrate skin structure at class level: A review

The Anatomical Record, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 305(12), P. 3543 - 3608

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

Abstract The skin is a barrier between the internal and external environment of an organism. Depending on species, it participates in multiple functions. organ that holds body together, covers protects it, provides communication with its environment. It also body's primary line defense, especially for anamniotes. All vertebrates have multilayered composed three main layers: epidermis, dermis, hypodermis. vital mission integument aquatic mucus secretion. Cornification began apmhibians, improved reptilians, endured avian mammalian epidermis. feather, most ostentatious functional structure skin, evolved Mesozoic period. After extinction dinosaurs, birds continued to diversify, followed by enlargement, expansion, diversification mammals, which brings us complicated organization mammals differing glands, cells, physiological pathways, evolution hair. Throughout these radical changes, some features were preserved among classes such as basic dermal structure, pigment cell types, coloration genetics, similar sensory features, enable track evolutionary path. structural properties all are presented. purpose this review go way back agnathans follow path step up provide comparative large updated survey about vertebrate terms morphology, physiology, ecology, immunology.

Language: Английский

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Higher metabolic plasticity in temperate compared to tropical lizards suggests increased resilience to climate change

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 92(2)

Published: Feb. 9, 2022

Abstract Patterns in functional diversity of organisms at large spatial scales can provide insight into possible responses to future climate change, but it remains a challenge link large‐scale patterns the population or species level their underlying physiological mechanisms individual level. The variability hypothesis predicts that temperate ectotherms will be less vulnerable warming compared with tropical ectotherms, due superior acclimatization capacity. However, metabolic occurs over multiple levels, from enzyme and cellular level, through organ systems, whole‐organism rate (from this point forwards biological hierarchy). Previous studies have focused on one few levels hierarchy, leaving us without general understanding how might differ between species. Here, we investigated thermal acclimation three Takydromus lizards distributed along broad latitudinal gradient China, by studying modifications whole organism, organ, mitochondria, metabolome, proteome. As predicted hypothesis, two T. septentrionalis wolteri had an enhanced response organism sexlineatus , as measured respiratory gas exchange rates. which performance was modified strikingly different species: widespread sizes, whereas narrowly relied mitochondrial, proteomic metabolomic regulation. We suggest these may represent strategies used distinct ecological costs benefits. Lacking either capacity, is likely increased vulnerability change.

Language: Английский

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Temperature-dependent changes to host–parasite interactions alter the thermal performance of a bacterial host

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 389 - 398

Published: Oct. 18, 2019

Language: Английский

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