Quail on fire: changing fire regimes may benefit mountain quail in fire-adapted forests DOI Creative Commons
Kristin M. Brunk,

R. J. Gutiérrez,

M. Zachariah Peery

et al.

Fire Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: April 3, 2023

Fire-adapted forests in western North America are experiencing rapid changes to fire regimes that outside the range of historic norms. Some habitat-specialist species have been negatively impacted by increases large, high-severity fire, yet, responses many especially at longer time scales, remain ambiguous. We studied response a widely distributed species, mountain quail (Oreortyx pictus), wildfire across Sierra Nevada California, because its habitat selection patterns provided an opportunity evaluate potentially contrasting among specialists. used passive acoustic monitoring > 22,000 km2 and Bayesian hierarchical occupancy modeling conduct first study effects habitat, severity, since (1–35 years) on little-understood management indicator quail. Mountain responded positively neutrally low-moderate-severity fire. Occupancy peaked 6–10 years after remained high even 11–35 area burned severity. Our work demonstrates is strongly related occupancy, which markedly different than previously also concern Nevada. Taken together, our results suggest may actually be "winners" face altered Given forecasted intensification severe wildfires fire-adapted forests, understanding ecology nuanced beyond those historically considered important time-sensitive effort. The relationship between reminder there will both winners losers as dynamics change era climate change.

Language: Английский

Future climate risks from stress, insects and fire across US forests DOI
William R. L. Anderegg, O. Chegwidden, Grayson Badgley

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 1510 - 1520

Published: May 11, 2022

Abstract Forests are currently a substantial carbon sink globally. Many climate change mitigation strategies leverage forest preservation and expansion, but rely on forests storing for decades to centuries. Yet climate‐driven disturbances pose critical risks the long‐term stability of carbon. We quantify drivers that influence wildfire stress‐driven tree mortality, including separate insect‐driven contiguous United States current (1984–2018) project these future disturbance over 21st century. find widespread projected increase across different emissions scenarios by factor >4 fire >1.3 climate‐stress mortality. These highlight pervasive climate‐sensitive impacts US raise questions about risk management approach taken offset policies. Our results provide US‐wide maps key improving cycle modeling, conservation policy.

Language: Английский

Citations

100
Comprehensive review of carbon quantification by improved forest management offset protocols DOI Creative Commons
Barbara Haya, Samuel Lewin Evans,

Letty B. Brown

et al.

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: March 21, 2023

Improved forest management (IFM) has the potential to remove and store large quantities of carbon from atmosphere. Around world, 293 IFM offset projects have produced 11% credits by voluntary registries date, channeling substantial climate mitigation funds into projects. This paper summarizes state scientific literature for key quality criteria—additionality, baselines, leakage, durability, accounting—and discusses how well currently used protocols align with this literature. Our analysis identifies important areas where deviate understanding related risk reversal, accounting in forests harvested wood products, risking significant over-estimation credits. We recommend specific improvements that would likely result more accurate estimates program impact, identify need research. Most importantly, conservative baselines can substantially reduce, but not resolve, over-crediting multiple factors.

Language: Английский

Citations

63
Climate-driven disturbances amplify forest drought sensitivity DOI
Meng Liu, Anna T. Trugman, Josep Peñuelas

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 746 - 752

Published: June 7, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Climate change determines the sign of productivity trends in US forests DOI Creative Commons
J. Aaron Hogan, Grant M. Domke, Kai Zhu

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(4)

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Forests are integral to the global land carbon sink, which has sequestered ~30% of anthropogenic emissions over recent decades. The persistence this sink depends on balance positive drivers that increase ecosystem storage-e.g., CO

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Diverging responses of terrestrial ecosystems to water stress after disturbances DOI
Meng Liu, Josep Peñuelas, Anna T. Trugman

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

4
California’s forest carbon offsets buffer pool is severely undercapitalized DOI Creative Commons
Grayson Badgley, Freya Chay, O. Chegwidden

et al.

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: Aug. 5, 2022

California operates a large forest carbon offsets program that credits stored in forests across the continental United States and parts of coastal Alaska. These can be sold to buyers who wish justify ongoing emissions, including California’s cap-and-trade program. Although fossil CO 2 emissions have effectively permanent atmospheric consequences, is inherently less durable because are subject significant socioeconomic physical risks cause temporarily re-released into atmosphere. To address these risks, nominally designed provide 100-year guarantee on claims based self-insurance known as buffer pool. Projects contribute pool suite project-specific risk factors, with retired needed cover losses from events such wildfire or drought. So long remains solvent, program’s permanence claim intact. Here, we perform an actuarial analysis performance We document how wildfires depleted nearly one-fifth total than decade, equivalent at least 95 percent program-wide contribution intended manage all fire for 100 years. also show potential single disease, sudden oak death, could fully encumber set aside disease insect risks. findings indicate severely undercapitalized therefore unlikely able environmental integrity

Language: Английский

Citations

55
Uncertainty in US forest carbon storage potential due to climate risks DOI
Chao Wu, Shane Coffield, Michael L. Goulden

et al.

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 422 - 429

Published: April 6, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Substantial and increasing global losses of timber-producing forest due to wildfires DOI Creative Commons
Christopher G. Bousfield, David B. Lindenmayer, David P. Edwards

et al.

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 1145 - 1150

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

Abstract One-third of global forest is harvested for timber, generating ~US$1.5 trillion annually. High-severity wildfires threaten this timber production. Here we combine maps logging activity and stand-replacing to assess how much timber-producing has been lost wildfire century, quantify spatio-temporal changes in annual area lost. Between 2001 2021, 18.5–24.7 million hectares forest—an the size Great Britain—experienced wildfires, with extensive burning western USA Canada, Siberian Russia, Brazil Australia. Annual burned increased significantly throughout twenty-first pointing substantial wildfire-driven losses under increasingly severe climate change. To meet future demand, producers must adopt new management strategies emerging technologies combat increasing threat wildfires.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Quantifying the contribution of major carbon producers to increases in vapor pressure deficit and burned area in western US and southwestern Canadian forests DOI Creative Commons
Kristina Dahl, John T. Abatzoglou, Carly Phillips

et al.

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 064011 - 064011

Published: May 16, 2023

Abstract Increases in burned forest area across the western United States and southwestern Canada over last several decades have been partially driven by a rise vapor pressure deficit (VPD), measure of atmosphere’s drying power that is significantly influenced human-caused climate change. Previous research has quantified contribution carbon emissions traced back to set 88 major fossil fuel producers cement manufacturers historical global mean temperature rise. In this study, we extend into domain fires. We use energy balance carbon-cycle model, suite models, (BA) model determine long-term increase VPD during 1901–2021 cumulative fire 1986–2021 US Canada. Based on data, find these contributed 48% (interquartile range (IQR) 38%–63%) between 1901 2021. BA modeling indicates also 37% (IQR 26%–47%) fires 1986 2021 The region linked both increased activity region’s current prolonged megadrought. As loss damage from hazards mounts, can inform public legal dialogues regarding responsibility bear for addressing past, present, future risks associated with drought

Language: Английский

Citations

24
A Century of Reforestation Reduced Anthropogenic Warming in the Eastern United States DOI Creative Commons
Mallory L. Barnes, Quan Zhang, Scott M. Robeson

et al.

Earth s Future, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Restoring and preserving the world's forests are promising natural pathways to mitigate some aspects of climate change. In addition regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, modify surface near‐surface air temperatures through biophysical processes. eastern United States (EUS), widespread reforestation during 20th century coincided with an anomalous lack warming, raising questions about reforestation's contribution local cooling mitigation. Using new cross‐scale approaches multiple independent sources data, we uncovered links between response both temperature in EUS. Ground‐ satellite‐based observations showed that EUS cool land by 1–2°C annually compared nearby grasslands croplands, strongest effect midday growing season, when is 2–5°C. Young (20–40 years) have on temperature. Surface extends air, reducing up 1°C non‐forests. Analyses historical cover trends benefits extend across landscape. Locations surrounded were cooler than neighboring locations did not undergo change, areas dominated regrowing associated much Our work indicates contributed historically slow pace warming EUS, underscoring potential as a adaptation strategy temperate regions.

Language: Английский

Citations

14