The inflated significance of neutral genetic diversity in conservation genetics

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(10)

Published: Feb. 19, 2021

The current rate of species extinction is rapidly approaching unprecedented highs and life on Earth presently faces a sixth mass event driven by anthropogenic activity, climate change ecological collapse. field conservation genetics aims at preserving using their levels genetic diversity, usually measured as neutral genome-wide barometer for evaluating population health risk. A fundamental assumption that higher diversity lead to an increase in fitness long-term survival species. Here, we argue against the perceived importance wild populations We demonstrate no simple general relationship exists between risk extinction. Instead, better understanding properties functional demographic history, relationships, necessary developing implementing effective strategies.

Language: Английский

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Conservation genetics as a management tool: The five best-supported paradigms to assist the management of threatened species

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 119(1)

Published: Dec. 20, 2021

About 50 y ago, Crow and Kimura [ An Introduction to Population Genetics Theory (1970)] Ohta Genet. Res. 22, 201–204 (1973)] laid the foundations of conservation genetics by predicting relationship between population size genetic marker diversity. This work sparked an enormous research effort investigating importance dynamics, in particular small size, for mean performance, viability, evolutionary potential. In light a recent perspective [J. C. Teixeira, D. Huber, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 118, 10 (2021)] that challenges some fundamental assumptions genetics, it is timely summarize what field has achieved, robust patterns have emerged, worthwhile future directions. We consider theory methodological breakthroughs helped management, we outline applied genetics.

Language: Английский

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Genetic mixing for population management: From genetic rescue to provenancing

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 634 - 652

Published: Oct. 24, 2020

Abstract Animal and plant species around the world are being challenged by deleterious effects of inbreeding, loss genetic diversity, maladaptation due to widespread habitat destruction rapid climate change. In many cases, interventions will likely be needed safeguard populations maintain functioning ecosystems. Strategies aimed at initiating, reinstating, or enhancing patterns gene flow via deliberate movement genotypes environment generating growing interest with broad applications in conservation environmental management. These diverse strategies go various names ranging from evolutionary rescue provenancing resurrection. Our aim here is provide some clarification terminology how these connected linked underlying processes. We draw on case studies literature outline mechanisms that underlie increase fitness impact wider community. argue understanding leading decline community a key successful implementation strategies. emphasize need consider nature source recipient populations, as well associated risks trade‐offs for This overview highlights where have potential population, species, ecosystem scales, but also they should probably not attempted depending overall aims intervention. advocate an approach short‐ long‐term integrated into decision framework considers nongenetic aspects

Language: Английский

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Genomic evidence for inbreeding depression and purging of deleterious genetic variation in Indian tigers

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(49)

Published: Nov. 30, 2021

Increasing habitat fragmentation leads to wild populations becoming small, isolated, and threatened by inbreeding depression. However, small may be able purge recessive deleterious alleles as they become expressed in homozygotes, thus reducing depression increasing population viability. We used whole-genome sequences from 57 tigers estimate individual mutation load a small-isolated two large-connected India. As expected, the had substantially higher average genomic (

Language: Английский

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Principles for coral reef restoration in the anthropocene

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 656 - 665

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Navigating Climate Change: Exploring the Dynamics Between Plant–Soil Microbiomes and Their Impact on Plant Growth and Productivity

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Understanding the intricate interplay between plant and soil microbiomes their effects on growth productivity is vital in a rapidly changing climate. This review explores interconnected impacts of climate change plant-soil profound agricultural productivity. The ongoing rise global temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns extreme weather events significantly affect composition function microbial communities rhizosphere. Changes diversity activity due to rising temperatures impact nutrient cycling, enzyme synthesis, health pest disease management. These changes also influence dynamics microbe capability promote health. As changes, plants' adaptive capacity partners become increasingly crucial for sustaining agriculture. Mitigating adverse requires comprehensive understanding mechanisms driving these processes. It highlights various strategies mitigating adapting environmental challenges, including management, stress-tolerant crops, cover cropping, sustainable land water crop rotation, organic amendments development climate-resilient varieties. emphasises need further exploration within broader context change. Promising mitigation strategies, precision agriculture targeted microbiome modifications, offer valuable pathways future research practical implementation food security

Language: Английский

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Opportunities and challenges in assessing climate change vulnerability through genomics

Cell, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 184(6), P. 1420 - 1425

Published: March 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Enhancing the heat tolerance of reef-building corals to future warming

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(34)

Published: Aug. 20, 2021

Selective breeding increases the resilience of reef-building corals to climate warming.

Language: Английский

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Life in Deserts: The Genetic Basis of Mammalian Desert Adaptation

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(7), P. 637 - 650

Published: April 14, 2021

Deserts are among the harshest environments on Earth. The multiple ages of different deserts and their global distribution provide a unique opportunity to study repeated adaptation at timescales. Here, we summarize recent genomic research genetic mechanisms underlying desert adaptations in mammals. Several studies mammals show large overlap functional classes genes pathways, consistent with complexity variety phenotypes associated water food scarcity extreme temperatures. However, also challenged by lack accurate genotype-phenotype-environment maps. We encourage development systems that facilitate analyses, but acknowledge need for more wider

Language: Английский

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Spatially explicit models for decision‐making in animal conservation and restoration

Ecography, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2022(4)

Published: Oct. 8, 2021

Models are useful tools for understanding and predicting ecological patterns processes. Under ongoing climate biodiversity change, they can greatly facilitate decision‐making in conservation restoration help designing adequate management strategies an uncertain future. Here, we review the use of spatially explicit models decision support to identify key gaps current modelling restoration. Of 650 reviewed publications, 217 publications had a clear application were included our quantitative analyses. Overall, studies biased towards static (79%), species population level (80%) (rather than restoration) applications (71%). Correlative niche most widely used model type. Dynamic as well gene‐to‐individual community‐to‐ecosystem underrepresented, cost optimisation approaches only 10% studies. We present new typology selecting animal restoration, characterising types according organisational levels, biological processes interest desired applications. This will more closely link goals. Additionally, future efforts need overcome important challenges related data integration, integration decision‐making. conclude with five recommendations, suggesting that wider usage be achieved by 1) developing toolbox multiple, easier‐to‐use methods, 2) improving calibration validation dynamic 3) best‐practise guidelines applying these models. Further, robust 4) combining multiple assess uncertainty, 5) placing at core adaptive management. These must accompanied long‐term funding monitoring, improved communication between research practise ensure optimal outcomes.

Language: Английский

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