Invasiveness, biology, ecology, and management of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Entomologia Generalis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(2), P. 187 - 241

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

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Study on the virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae against Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797)

Journal of Basic Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 64(5)

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Abstract This study examined the impact of Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) conidia on eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults Spodoptera frugiperda . The results showed that exhibited mortality rates were dependent dose. An increased amount (1.5 × 10 9 conidia/mL) was found to be toxic after days treatment, resulting in a 100% rate 98% 76% 85% adults. A using earthworms as bioindicators 3 exposure, M. did not cause any harmful effects earthworms. In contrast, chemical treatment (positive control) resulted at concentration 40 ppm. Histopathological studies earthworm gut tissues treated with fungal show significant differences compared those negative control. monocrotophos damage, notable observed treatment. treatments 70 100 µg/mL solutions Eudrilus eugeniae epidermal mucus no growth. analysis enzymes biochemical level revealed decrease levels acetylcholinesterase, α‐carboxylesterase, β‐carboxylesterase S. larvae exposure conidia. is effective against , highlighting potential this entomopathogenic fungus controlling agricultural insect pest.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of Entomopathogenic Fungi on Immature Stages and Feeding Performance of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

Insects, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1044 - 1044

Published: Nov. 21, 2021

Maize is a major staple crop in China, and the sustainable productivity of this primary has been recently threatened by fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, invasion. The five fungal isolates, Aspergillus sp. BM-3 SE-2-1, Cladosporium tenuissimum SE-10, Penicillium citrinum CTD-24, Beauveria bassiana ZK-5 were assessed for their efficacy causing mortality against first to sixth instar eggs neonate larvae seven days post-treatment, effects on feeding performance S. frugiperda at 48 h post-treatment three concentrations (1 × 106, 1 107, 108 conidia mL−1) also assessed. six not susceptible tested isolates. However, B. caused highest egg 40, 70, 85.6% mL−1, respectively, followed P. CTD-24 (30.6, 50, 75.6%) C. SE-10 (25.6, 55.6%). In addition, 54.3% mL−1. cumulative mortality, including 93.3 83.3% neonates, Furthermore, reduced third 66.7 78.6%, while larval 48.3 57.1% these isolates less potent reducing activity fourth (>46% with post-treatment). could play an essential role as microbial biopesticides suppressing population China after further investigations are obtained field.

Language: Английский

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The use of Telenomus remus (Nixon, 1937) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in the management of Spodoptera spp.: potential, challenges and major benefits

CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 15, 2022

Abstract Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), also known as fall armyworm (FAW) is a polyphagous pest which can cause significant losses and considered global threat to different crops risk food security. Currently, in maize, the predominantly controlled by pesticides or transgenic events. However, use of biological control agents most sustainable preferred method control, providing high effectiveness. Among various natural enemies reported for FAW, egg parasitoid Telenomus remus has gained interest, been mass released against FAW Americas many years. In addition other armyworms genus often crop damage may be using T. . important aspects, this paper presents review on rearing techniques, estimated costs production, release strategies. Due recent invasion Africa, Asia, Australia provides good opportunities establishment an augmentative program, reinforcing production major such maize affected countries.

Language: Английский

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Laboratory efficacy of selected synthetic insecticides against second instar invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. e0265265 - e0265265

Published: May 16, 2022

Maize is the most essential crop of China and its productivity has been recently endangered by fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda. Chemical pesticides are one important strategies for managing FAW on a short-term basis. The seven synthetic insecticides including novel conventional belong to four chemical group, spinetoram spinosad (spinosyns), lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin bifenthrin (pyrethroids), abamectin (avermectins), broflinilide (diamides), were assessed their efficiency in causing mortality second instar S. frugiperda larvae at 24, 48 72 h post-treatment five different serial concentrations (10 0.625 mg liter-1). susceptible tested insecticides, however, toxicity index was estimated based lethal concentration 50 (LC50), while, LC50 calculated from data larval mortality. broflanilide proved be toxic having highest 100 78.29%, respectively, followed showed 75.47 66.89%, respectively. values 0.606 0.774 liter-1 abamectin, 0.803 0.906 post-treatment. Rest other moderate 42.11 62.09%, 1.439 0.976 increased increasing level exposure time. screened among perhaps, provide basis development controlling population after further research evaluate validate laboratory results field.

Language: Английский

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Current status of the biological control of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda by egg parasitoids

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 96(4), P. 1345 - 1363

Published: June 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Comparative effects of biopesticides on fall armyworm management and larval parasitism rates in northern Ghana

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 96(4), P. 1417 - 1428

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

Abstract The outbreak of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in Africa has led to several recommendations insecticides, including biopesticides. However, effects these products on environment, especially parasitoids have not been assessed under field conditions. Here, we investigated effect commonly used biopesticides S. frugiperda management and larval northern Ghana. experiments were conducted both on-station Wa Nyankpala on-farm during 2020 rainy season. Active ingredients tested included neem oil (3% Azadirachtin), maltodextrin (282 g/l), 55% Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) combined with 45% Monosultap, a Pieris rapae granulosis virus 5% . A chemical insecticide based emamectin benzoate acetamiprid was as positive control while non-treated maize plots considered untreated control. two most abundant Coccygidium luteum Chelonus bifoveolatus , they C. Meteorus sp. Total parasitism rates 18.7% 17.6% Nyankpala, respectively, 8.8% on-farm. Parasitoid species diversity evenness indexes did vary among treatments, but significantly lower product Nyankpala. Untreated showed highest density plant damage, cob generated lowest yields. other treatments hardly any difference damage yields, suggesting that should be preferred over pesticides for

Language: Английский

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Viruses of the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda: A Review with Prospects for Biological Control

Viruses, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 2220 - 2220

Published: Nov. 4, 2021

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a native pest species in the Western hemisphere. Since it was first reported Africa 2016, FAW has spread throughout African continent and now also present several countries Asia as well Australia. invasion of these areas led to high yield reduction crops, leading huge economic losses. management options newly invaded are limited mainly rely on use synthetic pesticides. there risk resistance development against pesticides addition negative environmental human health impacts, other effective, sustainable, cost-efficient control alternatives desired. Insect pathogenic viruses fulfil criteria they usually effective highly host-specific with no significant harmful effect beneficial insects non-target organisms. In this review, we discuss all known from their potential be used for biological control. We specifically focus baculoviruses describe recent advancements geographic origin FAW, areas. Finally, identify current knowledge gaps suggest new avenues productive research biopesticide FAW.

Language: Английский

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Managing Fall Armyworm in Africa: Can Bt Maize Sustainably Improve Control?

Journal of Economic Entomology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 114(5), P. 1934 - 1949

Published: Aug. 9, 2021

The recent invasion of Africa by fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, a lepidopteran pest maize and other crops, has heightened concerns about food security for millions smallholder farmers. Maize genetically engineered to produce insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is potentially useful tool controlling armyworm pests in Africa. In Americas, however, rapidly evolved practical resistance producing one Bt toxin (Cry1Ab or Cry1Fa). Also, aside South Africa, not been approved cultivation where stakeholders each nation will make decisions its deployment. context we address production use; distribution, host range, impact; control tactics than maize; strategies more sustainable accessible smallholders. We recommend mandated refuges non-Bt plants at least 50% total hectares single-toxin 20% two distinct toxins that are highly effective against armyworm. practices planting cultivar intercropping with could facilitate compliance. also propose creating providing farmers access produces four encoded linked genes single transgene cassette. Using this novel as component integrated management sustainably improve including

Language: Английский

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Integrated management of Spodoptera frugiperda 6 years post detection in Africa: a review

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 100928 - 100928

Published: May 6, 2022

The introduction of fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on the African continent has led to paradigm shifts in pest control maize systems, occasioned by year-round populations. discovery resident parasitoid species adapting new significantly informed decision-making toward avoiding highly hazardous synthetic insecticides pest. A number biopesticides have shown promise against armyworm, providing a arsenal for sustainable management this invasive However, few knowledge gaps remain fully integrated and FAW-management approach, particularly host-resistance potential.

Language: Английский

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