Entomopathogenic fungi and their relevance in sustainable agriculture: A review

Cogent Food & Agriculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: March 2, 2023

The use of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) like Beauveria, Metarhizium, Lecanicillium, and Isaria is upsurging in recent years for the management crop insect pests. EPF are considered better than synthetic insecticides as they safe humans, sustainable to environment, target-specific nature. Many these pathogenic economically important pests thus capable controlling them. They cheaper long run, show lesser residual effects, able overcome problem resistance. degrades host cuticle proliferates hemolymph hyphal bodies, secreting toxins responsible death insects. later saprophytic growth leads production fungal spores reinfecting other hosts. Different commercial formulations available globally such liquid formulation, wettable powder, suspensible granules, so on. These under different trade names can be used several crops at recommended dosage obtain optimum results. storage conditions should maintained retain viability EPF. Modern biotechnological interventions could vital enhancing efficacy entomopathogens by manipulating their traits. Specialized researches necessary understand interaction between EPF, insects, crops, environment order explore best formulation mycoinsecticides. This review explores overview its mode action, significance, formulations, future prospects, summary findings. Readers realize essence agriculture through this review.

Language: Английский

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Bioassays of Beauveria bassiana Isolates against the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(7), P. 717 - 717

Published: July 8, 2022

The control of Spodoptera frugiperda, the key invasive pest maize, is a serious concern due to its biology and current global restriction on applying synthetic pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi are considered be potential biological strategy. pathogenicity 12 isolates Beauveria bassiana in immature stages feeding efficacy S. frugiperda were evaluated. B. QB-3.45, QB-3.46 QB-3.428 caused highest egg mortality rates 87.3, 82.7 79.3%, respectively, when applied at concentration 1 × 108 conidia/mL measured 7 days post-treatment. Neonate 45.6 53.6% observed with same isolates. significant cumulative ranging from 71.3 93.3% 14 post-treatment reduced larval 69.4 77.8% 48 h This study supports using effective as agent against frugiperda. eggs neonatal larvae reduction second instar that treated application entomopathogenic biocontrol for population.

Language: Английский

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Laboratory efficacy of selected synthetic insecticides against second instar invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. e0265265 - e0265265

Published: May 16, 2022

Maize is the most essential crop of China and its productivity has been recently endangered by fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda. Chemical pesticides are one important strategies for managing FAW on a short-term basis. The seven synthetic insecticides including novel conventional belong to four chemical group, spinetoram spinosad (spinosyns), lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin bifenthrin (pyrethroids), abamectin (avermectins), broflinilide (diamides), were assessed their efficiency in causing mortality second instar S. frugiperda larvae at 24, 48 72 h post-treatment five different serial concentrations (10 0.625 mg liter-1). susceptible tested insecticides, however, toxicity index was estimated based lethal concentration 50 (LC50), while, LC50 calculated from data larval mortality. broflanilide proved be toxic having highest 100 78.29%, respectively, followed showed 75.47 66.89%, respectively. values 0.606 0.774 liter-1 abamectin, 0.803 0.906 post-treatment. Rest other moderate 42.11 62.09%, 1.439 0.976 increased increasing level exposure time. screened among perhaps, provide basis development controlling population after further research evaluate validate laboratory results field.

Language: Английский

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Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 8, 2023

Maize is an essential crop of China. The recent invasion Spodoptera frugiperda, also known as fall armyworm (FAW), poses a danger to the country's ability maintain sustainable level productivity from this core crop. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae MA, Penicillium citrinum CTD-28 and CTD-2, Cladosporium sp. BM-8, Aspergillus SE-25 SE-5, CA-7, Syncephalastrum racemosum SR-23 were tested determine their effectiveness in causing mortality second instars, eggs, neonate larvae. P. CTD-28, BM-8 caused highest levels egg mortality, with 86.0, 75.3, 70.0%, respectively, followed by CTD-2 (60.0%). Additionally, M. MA neonatal 57.1%, (40.7%). In addition, decreased feeding efficacy instar larvae FAW 77.8, 75.0, 68.1%, (59.7%). It possible that EPF will play important role microbial agents against after further research conducted on these field.

Language: Английский

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Biocontrol potential of native isolates of Beauveria bassiana against cotton leafworm Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: May 23, 2023

The entomopathogenic fungus (EPF), Beauveria bassiana, is reported as the most potent biological control agent against a wide range of insect families. This study aimed to isolate and characterize native B. bassiana from various soil habitats in Bangladesh evaluate bio-efficacy these isolates an important vegetable pest, Spodoptera litura. Seven Bangladeshi soils were characterized using genomic analysis. Among isolates, TGS2.3 showed highest mortality rate (82%) 2nd instar larvae S. litura at 7 days after treatment (DAT). was further bioassayed different stages found that induced 81, 57, 94, 84, 75, 65, 57% overall egg, neonatal 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th larvae, respectively, over DAT. Interestingly, with resulted pupal adult deformities well decreased emergence Taken together, our results suggest potential biocontrol destructive pest However, studies are needed this promising planta field conditions.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of native entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Turkish Journal of Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 48(4), P. 451 - 475

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a significant agricultural pest with resistance to conventional synthetic insecticides. The present study, conducted in 2024 at Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Biological Control Laboratory, investigated the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) against six larval stages H. armigera. Three conidial concentrations (1×10⁶, 1×10⁷, and 1×10⁸ conidia ml⁻¹) were evaluated. This study analyzed effects varying spore B. on mortality larvae, considering days post-application, dose, stage. Lethal (LC50 LC90) lethal time values (LT50 LT90) calculated using probit analysis. Mortality increased dose was highest early instars, particularly ml⁻¹, where LT₅₀ LT₉₀ for first instars 4.05 8.10 days, respectively. Older exhibited lower rates. LC₅₀ LC₉₀ decreased increasing concentrations, achieving 100% second across all doses. Third displayed dose-dependent mortality, 6.88×10⁸ 1.94×10⁴ Higher reduced LT₉₀, enhancing rates younger larvae. These findings underscore efficacy stages, emphasizing importance application timing effective biological control its potential role integrated management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Synergized Toxicity of Promising Plant Extracts and Synthetic Chemicals against Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1289 - 1289

Published: May 27, 2022

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a destructive pest of wide array agricultural and horticultural crops worldwide. This in vitro research assessed the combined effect methanolic extracts indigenous flora Soone Valley (Khushab, Pakistan) nine commonly used synthetic insecticides against 3rd instar larvae S. using leaf-dip bioassay method. Toxicity bioassays with twelve plant revealed that Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Sophora mollis (Royle) Baker Rhazya stricta Decne. were most effective, exhibiting minimum LC50 LT50 values. Bioassays significantly higher mortality by emamectin benzoate (45%), chlorpyrifos (40%) chlorantraniliprole (38%). Further 10 binary combinations these effective botanical showed seven pesticidal exhibited synergistic toxicity, three comprising an additive on larvae. GC–MS analyses W. somnifera, R. 1,2,4-trimethyl-benzene 3,5-dimethyl-octane, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-benzene, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, decane, lupeol as major bioconstituents, respectively. Our results demonstrated combining botanicals can synergize their toxicity larvae, suggesting potential incorporation into future IPM programs other lepidopterous pests.

Language: Английский

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Cladosporium—Insect Relationships

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 78 - 78

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

The range of interactions between

Language: Английский

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Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana PfBb and Immune Responses of a Non-Target Host, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 914 - 914

Published: Oct. 8, 2022

Exploring the pathogenicity of a new fungus strain to non-target host pests can provide essential information on large scale for potential application in pest control. In this study, we tested Beauveria bassiana PfBb important agricultural Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by determining relative activities protective enzymes and detoxifying different larval instars. Our results show that B. could infect all six instars S. frugiperda, its virulence larvae gradually increased with an increase spore concentration. Seven days after inoculation, LC50 was 7.7 × 105, 5.5 106, 2.2 107, 3.1 108, 9.6 2.5 1011 spores/mL first sixth respectively, LC90 each instar decreased infection time, indicating significant dose effect. Furthermore, instar. The (i.e., catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) glutathione S-transferases, carboxylesterase, cytochrome P450) three infected changed significantly but such variations were not obvious fifth Additionally, being PfBb, detoxification usually lasted from 12 48 h, which longer than These indicate depended stage. Therefore, findings study suggest be used as bio-insecticide control young integrated management program.

Language: Английский

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Biotic Potential Induced by Different Host Plants in the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 921 - 921

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous insect pest of many important crops. To evaluate the influence host plants on biology and survival Pakistani population S. frugiperda, we examined life table parameters raised maize, sorghum, wheat, rice. The development rate was significantly higher maize crop than other three plants. Different larval diets affected time fecundity. attained fastest (16 days) slowest (32.74 Adult females from maize-fed larvae laid 1088 eggs/female, those sorghum-fed 591.6 wheat-fed 435.6 rice-fed 49.6 eggs/female. Age stage-specific also indicated fecundity, expectancy, hosts. Larval had significant varying effect finite intrinsic increase rates, reflecting that most suitable diet. findings present study are useful for predicting dynamics especially in areas cultivating Poaceae crops, except to develop sustainable integrated management strategies this pest.

Language: Английский

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