ACVIMconsensus statement guidelines on diagnosing and distinguishing low‐grade neoplastic from inflammatory lymphocytic chronic enteropathies in cats

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(3), P. 794 - 816

Published: May 1, 2023

Lymphoplasmacytic enteritis (LPE) and low-grade intestinal T cell lymphoma (LGITL) are common diseases in older cats, but their diagnosis differentiation remain challenging.

Language: Английский

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Treatment success in cats with chronic enteropathy is associated with a decrease in fecal calprotectin concentrations

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 3, 2024

Feline chronic enteropathies (FCE) are challenging to diagnose and monitor for progression response treatment. Fecal calprotectin might be a useful non-invasive marker evaluate clinical endpoints of therapeutic monitoring in FCE. We evaluated fecal concentrations cats with FCE before after initiation treatment comprised immunomodulation and/or dietary intervention. Included were 17 18 healthy controls. Clinical investigation cases included severity grading (feline enteropathy activity index, FCEAI) all cats, abdominal ultrasonography 15 gastrointestinal biopsies 6 cats. was measured samples from 12 treatment, ≥6 weeks initiation, (median: 61 μg/g) significantly higher than μg/g; p = 0.0098) compared controls 0.0235) correlated the FCEAI scores ( ρ 0.54, 0.0316). more severe duodenal/proximal jejunal pathology 0.83, 0.0427) shorter intervals between sampling time points −0.54, 0.0250). Relevant decreases initially increased seen on varying strategies that improve or have remission signs. This supports utility as surrogate biomarker assess disease cases. Further studies need longitudinally relation mucosal healing vs. response.

Language: Английский

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Classification performance and reproducibility of GPT-4 omni for information extraction from veterinary electronic health records

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Large language models (LLMs) can extract information from veterinary electronic health records (EHRs), but performance differences between models, the effect of hyperparameter settings, and influence text ambiguity have not been previously evaluated. This study addresses these gaps by comparing GPT-4 omni (GPT-4o) GPT-3.5 Turbo under different conditions investigating relationship human interobserver agreement LLM errors. The LLMs five humans were tasked with identifying six clinical signs associated feline chronic enteropathy in 250 EHRs a referral hospital. When compared to majority opinion respondents, GPT-4o demonstrated 96.9% sensitivity [interquartile range (IQR) 92.9-99.3%], 97.6% specificity (IQR 96.5-98.5%), 80.7% positive predictive value 70.8-84.6%), 99.5% negative 99.0-99.9%), 84.4% F1 score 77.3-90.4%), 96.3% balanced accuracy 95.0-97.9%). was significantly better than that its predecessor, Turbo, particularly respect where only achieved 81.7% 78.9-84.8%). greater reproducibility pairs, an average Cohen's kappa 0.98 0.98-0.99) 0.80 0.78-0.81) humans. Most errors occurred instances disagreed [35/43 (81.4%)], suggesting more likely caused EHR explicit model faults. Using automate extraction is viable alternative manual extraction, requires validation for intended setting ensure reliability.

Language: Английский

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Plasma glucagon-like peptide-2 in cats with chronic enteropathies

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Objectives The objective of this study was to compare plasma glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) concentrations in cats with chronic enteropathies (CE) those healthy cats. Methods Nineteen client-owned a histopathologic diagnosis either idiopathic enteropathy (CIE) or low-grade lymphoma and six were enrolled prospective between 2 December 2021 9 June 2023. Fasted postprandial GLP-2 measured via ELISA CE at the time gastrointestinal biopsies obtained before treatment. In CIE, re-evaluated after 1 month Results There no significant difference (0.53 ng/ml) (0.52 ng/ml). CIE not significantly different following treatment (0.43 from initial presentation (0.44 Conclusions relevance can be successfully detected CE. Based on lack differences observed population cats, cannot recommended as biomarker feline using method. Further investigation larger cat populations analytic methods would needed determine overall utility evaluation

Language: Английский

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Ultrasonographic features of gastrointestinal ulcerations in cats

Veterinary Record, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

Gastrointestinal ulceration in cats can be life threatening due to the risk of perforation and septic peritonitis. However, ultrasound findings associated with this condition their diagnostic sensitivities have not been described. Therefore, multicentre retrospective study aimed describe clinical features for gastrointestinal estimate sensitivity these cases. Hospital medical record databases were retrospectively searched feline cases 'ulcer' keywords. Cats included if they had undergone an abdominal followed by surgical, endoscopic or postmortem histopathological verification ulceration. Twenty-four included. On examination, all showed a mucosal defect filled hyperechoic microbubbles located stomach (29.2%), pylorus (16.7%), duodenum jejunum (20.8%) ileocecocolic junction (4.2%). Single lesions present 75% Perforations occurred 16.7% Wall thickening was detected 62.5% cats, loss wall layering observed 54.2%. Underlying aetiologies neoplasia (33.0%), inflammation trauma (12.5%) foreign bodies (12.5%). The design limits standardisation techniques records, thereby potentially limiting generalisability findings. Ulceration identified cats. Solitary ulcerative crater-like defects most commonly documented.

Language: Английский

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Fecal and Serum Calprotectin Concentrations in Cats With Chronic Enteropathies Before and During Treatment

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Chronic enteropathies (CE) are common in cats. Reliable biomarkers that can distinguish different causes and predict or monitor responses to treatment currently lacking. Hypothesis/Objectives Evaluate calprotectin concentrations serum feces as potential cats with CE. Animals Forty‐three either chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE; n = 25) small cell gastrointestinal lymphoma (SCGL; 18) 36 healthy were prospectively enrolled. Methods Fecal determined before during treatment. Cats CIE treated diet, prednisolone, diet SCGL prednisolone plus chlorambucil without diet. Results Compared controls, fecal concentration was significantly higher CE (median, ≤ 161 ng/g; range, 161–2827 vs. median, 161–790; p 0.01). No significant differences found (median 161–1920 189 161–2827; 0.3) 1291 mg/L; 1291–15 358 1291–6422; 0.99) between SCGL. decreased after 161–1897 161–656; 0.02). Conclusions might be a good biomarker for diagnosis monitoring subset of Serum do not seem useful Neither nor could differentiate from

Language: Английский

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Concurrent mucosal and transmural feline intestinal T-cell lymphomas show differing T-cell clonality

The Veterinary Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 312, P. 106361 - 106361

Published: April 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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Unbiased serum metabolomic analysis in cats with naturally occurring chronic enteropathies before and after medical intervention

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 23, 2024

Abstract Chronic enteropathies (CE) are common disorders in cats and the differentiation between two main underlying diseases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma (LGITL), can be challenging. Characterization of serum metabolome could provide further information on alterations disease-associated metabolic pathways may identify diagnostic or therapeutic targets. Unbiased metabolomics analysis from 28 with CE (14 IBD, 14 LGITL) healthy controls identified 1,007 named metabolites, which 129 were significantly different compared to at baseline. Random Forest revealed a predictive accuracy 90% for differentiating chronic enteropathy. Metabolic found altered included phospholipids, amino acids, thiamine, tryptophan metabolism. Several metabolites IBD versus LGITL, including several sphingolipids, phosphatidylcholine 40:7, uridine, pinitol, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, glucuronic acid. However, random forest poor group 60% LGITL. Of compounds baseline, 58 remained following treatment.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota in cats with inflammatory bowel disease and low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 15, 2024

In cats and humans, several physiological environmental factors have been shown to alter the gut microbiota of healthy individuals. Cats share diseases with humans such as inflammatory bowel low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma. The physiopathology these chronic enteropathies is poorly understood but may involve disequilibrium composition disruption normal microbiome activity profiles. These disorders are increasingly diagnosed in feline species due improved medicalization easier access endoscopy veterinary practice. This review addresses current data on health enteropathies. Such functional analysis will help advancement innovative diagnostic tools targeted therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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The diagnostic relevance of mesenteric lymph node biopsy in small intestinal lymphoma in cats

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(4), P. 2316 - 2323

Published: June 10, 2024

Abstract Background Regional lymph nodes are frequently sampled in cats with suspected intestinal lymphoma; however, their diagnostic value has not been explored. Objectives To investigate whether histologic and immunohistochemical analysis of mesenteric correlates the diagnosis lymphoma cats. Animals One hundred 2 client‐owned diagnosed lymphoma. Methods Retrospective study. The inclusion criteria required a full‐thickness biopsy small intestine concurrent excision nodes. Histologic immunophenotypic analyses were performed on biopsies corresponding Selected nodal samples reactive underwent clonality testing. Results Transmural T‐cell lymphomas, encompassing large cell types, predominant (64 cases, 62.7%), B‐cell lymphomas being more transmural (68.8%) than mucosal (31.2%). Among all examined, 44 (43.1%; 95% CI: 33.9%‐52.8%) exhibited neoplastic infiltration. cases lymphoma, 51 out 72 (70.8%; 59.4%‐80.1%) showed no involvement. Clonality results correctly identified 19/30 (63.3%; 45.5%‐78.2%) Concerns raised regarding clonal identification remaining potential misdiagnoses based phenotypic characteristics. Conclusion Clinical Importance study underscores drawbacks relying solely for diagnosing cats, particularly subtypes. It emphasizes importance assessing infiltration recommends caution when utilizing histologic, evaluations lymphomas. Despite limitations, this research highlights need comprehensive strategies

Language: Английский

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