The origin and evolution of a plant resistosome DOI Open Access
Zhen Gong, Jinfeng Qi, Meijuan Hu

et al.

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 1600 - 1620

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

The nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich receptor (NLR) protein HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE 1 (ZAR1), an immune receptor, interacts with HOPZ-ETI-DEFICIENT (ZED1)-related kinases (ZRKs) and AVRPPHB SUSCEPTIBLE 1-like proteins to form a pentameric resistosome, triggering responses. Here, we show that ZAR1 emerged through gene duplication ZRKs were derived from the cell surface receptors wall-associated (WAKs) loss of extracellular domain before split eudicots monocots during Jurassic period. Many angiosperm orthologs, but not paralogs, are capable oligomerization in presence AtZRKs death, suggesting functional resistosome might have originated early evolution angiosperms. Surprisingly, inter-specific pairing sometimes results formation absence pathogen stimulation, within-species compatibility between as result co-evolution. Numerous concerted losses occurred angiosperms, further supporting ancient co-evolution ZRKs. Our findings provide insights into origin new plant surveillance networks.

Language: Английский

Complexity of the lichen symbiosis revealed by metagenome and transcriptome analysis of Xanthoria parietina DOI Creative Commons
Gulnara Tagirdzhanova, Klara Scharnagl, Neha Sahu

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Lichens are composite, symbiotic associations of fungi, algae, and bacteria that result in large, anatomically complex organisms adapted to many the world's most challenging environments. How such intricate, self-replicating lichen architectures develop from simple microbial components remains unknown because their recalcitrance experimental manipulation. Here, we report a metagenomic metatranscriptomic analysis Xanthoria parietina at different developmental stages. We identified 168 genomes symbionts lichen-associated microbes across sampled thalli, including representatives green three classes 14 bacterial phyla. By analyzing occurrence individual species thalli diverse environments, defined both substrate-specific core lichen. Metatranscriptomic principal fungal symbiont stages lichen, compared with axenically grown fungus, revealed differential gene expression profiles indicative lichen-specific transporter functions, specific cell signaling, transcriptional regulation, secondary metabolic capacity. Putative immunity-related proteins structurally conserved secreted resembling pathogen effectors were also identified, consistent role for immunity modulation morphogenesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The Ubiquitin Switch in Plant Stress Response DOI Creative Commons

Paymon Doroodian,

Zhihua Hua

Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 246 - 246

Published: Jan. 27, 2021

Ubiquitin is a 76 amino acid polypeptide common to all eukaryotic organisms. It functions as post-translationally modifying mark covalently linked large cohort of yet poorly defined protein substrates. The resulting ubiquitylated proteins can rapidly change their activities, cellular localization, or turnover through the 26S proteasome if they are no longer needed abnormal. Such selective modification essential many signal transduction pathways particularly in those related stress responses by enhancing quenching output. Hence, this system, so-called ubiquitin-26S system (UPS), has caught attention plant research community over last two decades for its roles abiotic and biotic responses. Through direct indirect mediation hormones, UPS selectively degrades key components signaling either negatively positively regulate response given stimulus. As result, tightly regulated network become much interest years. ever-increasing changes global climate require both development new crops cope with rapid changing environment knowledge survey dynamics ecosystem. This review examines how ubiquitin switch tune poses potential avenues further explore system.

Language: Английский

Citations

51
MicroRNA482/2118, a miRNA superfamily essential for both disease resistance and plant development DOI Open Access
Yanqing Zhang, Muhammad Waseem,

Zaohai Zeng

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 233(5), P. 2047 - 2057

Published: Nov. 11, 2021

Summary MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of 21–24 nucleotides (nt) noncoding small RNAs ubiquitously distributed across the plant kingdom. miR482/2118, one conserved miRNA superfamilies originating from gymnosperms, has divergent main functions in core‐angiosperms. It mainly regulates NUCLEOTIDE BINDING SITE‐LEUCINE‐RICH REPEAT ( NBS‐LRR ) genes eudicots, functioning as an essential component disease resistance; contrast, it predominantly targets numerous long (lncRNAs) monocot grasses, which vital for reproduction. Usually, miR482/2118 is 22‐nt length, can trigger production phased interfering (phasiRNAs) after directed cleavage. PhasiRNAs instigated target enhance their roles corresponding biological processes by cis ‐regulation on cognate and expands function to other pathways via trans activity different genes. This review summarizes origin, biogenesis, conservation, evolutionary characteristics superfamily delineates its diverse resistance, development, stress responses, etc.

Language: Английский

Citations

51
An RXLR effector PlAvh142 from Peronophythora litchii triggers plant cell death and contributes to virulence DOI Creative Commons
Junjian Situ, Liqun Jiang, Xiaoning Fan

et al.

Molecular Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 415 - 428

Published: Jan. 7, 2020

Litchi downy blight, caused by the phytopathogenic oomycete Peronophythora litchii, results in tremendous economic loss litchi production every year. To successfully colonize host cell, Phytophthora species secret hundreds of RXLR effectors that interfere with plant immunity and facilitate infection process. Previous work has already predicted 245 candidate effector-encoding genes P. 212 which have been cloned tested for cell death-inducing activity this study. We found three such could trigger death through transient expression Nicotiana benthamiana. Further experiments demonstrated PlAvh142 induce immune responses several plants. also localized both cytoplasm nucleus cells. The cytoplasmic localization was critical its activity. Moreover, deletion either two internal repeats abolished Virus-induced gene silencing assays showed triggered dependent on transduction components RAR1 (require Mla12 resistance), SGT1 (suppressor G2 allele skp1) HSP90 (heat shock protein 90). Finally, knockout resulted significantly attenuated litchii virulence plants, whereas PlAvh142-overexpressed mutants were more aggressive. These data indicated be recognized is an important effector litchii.

Language: Английский

Citations

50
The origin and evolution of a plant resistosome DOI Open Access
Zhen Gong, Jinfeng Qi, Meijuan Hu

et al.

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 1600 - 1620

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

The nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich receptor (NLR) protein HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE 1 (ZAR1), an immune receptor, interacts with HOPZ-ETI-DEFICIENT (ZED1)-related kinases (ZRKs) and AVRPPHB SUSCEPTIBLE 1-like proteins to form a pentameric resistosome, triggering responses. Here, we show that ZAR1 emerged through gene duplication ZRKs were derived from the cell surface receptors wall-associated (WAKs) loss of extracellular domain before split eudicots monocots during Jurassic period. Many angiosperm orthologs, but not paralogs, are capable oligomerization in presence AtZRKs death, suggesting functional resistosome might have originated early evolution angiosperms. Surprisingly, inter-specific pairing sometimes results formation absence pathogen stimulation, within-species compatibility between as result co-evolution. Numerous concerted losses occurred angiosperms, further supporting ancient co-evolution ZRKs. Our findings provide insights into origin new plant surveillance networks.

Language: Английский

Citations

35