Effects of light on human circadian rhythms, sleep and mood

Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 147 - 156

Published: Aug. 20, 2019

Humans live in a 24-hour environment, which light and darkness follow diurnal pattern. Our circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) hypothalamus, is entrained to solar day via pathway from retina synchronises our internal biological rhythms. Rhythmic variations ambient illumination impact behaviours such as rest during sleep activity wakefulness well their underlying processes. Rather recently, availability of artificial has substantially changed especially evening night hours. This may increase risk developing rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWD), are often caused by misalignment endogenous rhythms external light-dark cycles. While exact relationship between CRSWD remains be established, nocturnal been shown alter humans. On other hand, can also used an effective noninvasive therapeutic option with little no side effects, improve sleep,mood general well-being. article reviews current state knowledge regarding effects on rhythms, sleep, mood.

Language: Английский

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Feeding Rhythms and the Circadian Regulation of Metabolism

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: April 17, 2020

The molecular circadian clock regulates metabolic processes within the cell, and alignment of these clocks between tissues is essential for maintenance homeostasis. possibility misalignment arises from differential responsiveness to environmental cues that synchronize (zeitgebers). Although light dominant cue master suprachiasmatic nucleus, many other are sensitive feeding fasting. When rhythms behaviour altered, example by shift work or constant availability highly palatable foods, strong feedback sent peripheral clocks. Varying degrees phase can cause systemic processes. Moreover, when there a endogenous in physiology inputs, such as during inactive phase, body's ability maintain homeostasis impaired. loss coordination organism environment, well internal tissues, produce cardiometabolic disease consequence. aim this review synthesize on mechanisms effects misalignment. timing food intake highlighted powerful with potential destroy restore synchrony metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Sleep Hygiene for Optimizing Recovery in Athletes: Review and Recommendations

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 40(08), P. 535 - 543

Published: July 9, 2019

Abstract For elite athletes who exercise at a high level, sleep is critical to overall health. Many studies have documented the effects of deprivation in general population, but few exist regarding specific athlete. This review summarizes and extension on athletic performance, including reaction time, accuracy, strength endurance, cognitive function. There are clear negative vigor, submaximal strength, endurance. Cognitive functions such as judgment decision-making also suffer. Sleep can positively affect times, mood, sprint tennis serve swim turns, kick stroke efficiency, increased free throw 3-point accuracy. Banking (sleep prior night intentional before sporting event) new concept that may improve performance. sports medicine providers, cannot be overstated athletes. To battle deprivation, seek supplements with potentially serious side effects; improving quality however simple effective, benefiting not only athlete health

Language: Английский

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Exercise sustains the hallmarks of health

Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 8 - 35

Published: Oct. 29, 2022

Exercise has long been known for its active role in improving physical fitness and sustaining health. Regular moderate-intensity exercise improves all aspects of human health is widely accepted as a preventative therapeutic strategy various diseases. It well-documented that maintains restores homeostasis at the organismal, tissue, cellular, molecular levels to stimulate positive physiological adaptations consequently protect against pathological conditions. Here we mainly summarize how affects major hallmarks health, including integrity barriers, containment local perturbations, recycling turnover, integration circuitries, rhythmic oscillations, homeostatic resilience, hormetic regulation, well repair regeneration. Furthermore, current understanding mechanisms responsible beneficial response exercise. This review aimed providing comprehensive summary vital biological through which opens window application other interventions. We hope continuing investigation this field will further increase our processes involved thus get us closer identification new therapeutics improve quality life.

Language: Английский

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Circadian Rhythms, Chrononutrition, Physical Training, and Redox Homeostasis—Molecular Mechanisms in Human Health

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 138 - 138

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

A multitude of physiological processes, human behavioral patterns, and social interactions are intricately governed by the complex interplay between external circumstances endogenous circadian rhythms. This multidimensional regulatory framework is susceptible to disruptions, in contemporary society, there a prevalent occurrence misalignments system environmental cues, phenomenon frequently associated with adverse health consequences. The onset most current chronic diseases intimately connected alterations lifestyle practices under various facets, including following: reduced physical activity, exposure artificial light, also acknowledged as light pollution, sedentary behavior coupled consuming energy-dense nutriments, irregular eating frameworks, disruptions sleep patterns (inadequate quality duration), engagement shift work, known jetlag. rapid evolution life domestic routines has significantly outpaced rate genetic adaptation. Consequently, underlying rhythms exposed multiple shifts, thereby elevating susceptibility disease predisposition. comprehensive review endeavors synthesize existing empirical evidence that substantiates conceptual integration clock, biochemical molecular homeostasis, oxidative stress, stimuli imparted exercise, sleep, nutrition.

Language: Английский

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Wearables in Chronomedicine and Interpretation of Circadian Health

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 327 - 327

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Wearable devices have gained increasing attention for use in multifunctional applications related to health monitoring, particularly research of the circadian rhythms cognitive functions and metabolic processes. In this comprehensive review, we encompass how wearables can be used study disease. We highlight importance these as markers well-being potential predictors outcomes. focus on wearable technologies sleep research, medicine, chronomedicine beyond domain emphasize actigraphy a validated tool monitoring sleep, activity, light exposure. discuss various mathematical methods currently analyze actigraphic data, such parametric non-parametric approaches, linear, non-linear, neural network-based applied quantify non-circadian variability. also introduce novel actigraphy-derived markers, which personalized proxies status, assisting discriminating between disease, offering insights into neurobehavioral status. lifestyle factors physical activity exposure modulate brain health. establishing reference standards measures further refine data interpretation improve clinical The review calls existing tools methods, deepen our understanding health, develop healthcare strategies.

Language: Английский

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Sleep in the United States Military

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 176 - 191

Published: June 11, 2019

The military lifestyle often includes continuous operations whether in training or deployed environments. These stressful environments present unique challenges for service members attempting to achieve consolidated, restorative sleep. significant mental and physical derangements caused by degraded metabolic, cardiovascular, skeletomuscular, cognitive health result from insufficient sleep and/or circadian misalignment. Insufficient resulting fatigue compromises personal safety, mission success, even national security. In the long-term, chronic rhythm disorders have been associated with other (e.g., insomnia, obstructive apnea, parasomnias). Other physiologic psychologic diagnoses such as post-traumatic stress disorder, cardiovascular disease, dementia also chronic, Increased co-morbidity mortality are compounded traumatic brain injury blunt trauma, blast exposure, highly physically demanding tasks under load. We current state of science human animal models specific during- post-military career. focus on requirements night shift work, sustained operations, rapid re-entrainment time zones. then propose targeted pharmacological non-pharmacological countermeasures optimize performance that mission- symptom-specific. recognize a critical gap research involving members, but provide tailored interventions care providers based large body public workers.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19-related mobility reduction: heterogenous effects on sleep and physical activity rhythms

SLEEP, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 44(2)

Published: Sept. 11, 2020

Mobility restrictions imposed to suppress transmission of COVID-19 can alter physical activity (PA) and sleep patterns that are important for health well-being. Characterization response heterogeneity their underlying associations may assist in stratifying the impact pandemic.We obtained wearable data covering baseline, incremental mobility restriction, lockdown periods from 1,824 city-dwelling, working adults aged 21-40 years, incorporating 206,381 nights 334,038 days PA. Distinct rest-activity rhythm (RAR) profiles were identified using k-means clustering, indicating participants' temporal distribution step counts over day. Hierarchical clustering proportion spent each these RAR revealed four groups who expressed different mixtures before during lockdown.Time bed increased by 20 min without loss efficiency, while social jetlag measures decreased 15 min. Resting heart rate declined ~2 bpm. PA dropped an average 42%. Four with compositions found. Three better able maintain weekday/weekend differentiation lockdown. The least active group comprising ~51% sample, younger predominantly singles. Habitually less already, this showed greatest reduction little differences.In early aftermath appears be more severely affected than sleep. evaluation uncovered responses could associate outcomes should resolution protracted.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Daylight for Humans: Gaps in Current Knowledge

Clocks & Sleep, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 61 - 85

Published: Feb. 28, 2020

Daylight stems solely from direct, scattered and reflected sunlight, undergoes dynamic changes in irradiance spectral power composition due to latitude, time of day, year the nature physical environment (reflections, buildings vegetation). Humans their ancestors evolved under these natural day/night cycles over millions years. Electric light, a relatively recent invention, interacts competes with light–dark cycle impact human biology. What are consequences living industrialised urban areas much less daylight more use electric throughout day (and at night), on general health quality life? In this workshop report, we have classified key gaps knowledge research into three main groups: (I) uncertainty as quantity needed for “optimal” physiological psychological functioning, (II) lack consensus practical measurement assessment methods tools monitoring real (day) light exposure across multiple scales, (III) insufficient integration exchange bases different disciplines. Crucial short long-term objectives fill proposed.

Language: Английский

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Circadian rhythm phase shifts caused by timed exercise vary with chronotype

JCI Insight, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 5(3)

Published: Jan. 2, 2020

BACKGROUND. The circadian system entrains behavioral and physiological rhythms to environmental cycles, modern lifestyles disrupt this entrainment. We investigated a timed exercise intervention phase shift the internal rhythm.

Language: Английский

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