Circuit formation and sensory perception in the mouse olfactory system

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

In the mouse olfactory system, odor information is converted to a topographic map of activated glomeruli in bulb (OB). Although arrangement genetically determined, glomerular structure plastic and can be modified by environmental stimuli. If pups are exposed particular odorant, responding become larger recruiting dendrites connecting projection neurons interneurons. This imprinting not only increases sensitivity odor, but also imposes positive quality on imprinted memory. External represented as an OB transmitted cortex (OC) amygdala for decision making elicit emotional behavioral outputs using two distinct neural pathways, innate learned. Innate circuits start work right after birth, whereas learned functional later on. this paper, recent progress will summarized study circuit formation perception mice. We propose new hypotheses timing gating activity relation respiration cycle.

Language: Английский

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Extrinsic neuromodulation in the rodent olfactory bulb

Cell and Tissue Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 383(1), P. 507 - 524

Published: Dec. 23, 2020

Abstract Evolutionarily, olfaction is one of the oldest senses and pivotal for an individual’s health survival. The olfactory bulb (OB), as first relay station in brain, known to heavily process sensory information. To adapt animal’s needs, OB activity can be influenced by many factors either from within (intrinsic neuromodulation) or outside (extrinsic which include neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, hormones, neuropeptides. Extrinsic sources seem special importance receives massive efferent input numerous brain centers even outweighing nose. Here, we review neuromodulatory processes rodent such extrinsic sources. We will discuss neuromodulation according points origin, receptors involved, affected circuits, changes behavior. In end, give a brief outlook on potential future directions research OB.

Language: Английский

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Brief Sensory Deprivation Triggers Cell Type-Specific Structural and Functional Plasticity in Olfactory Bulb Neurons

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(10), P. 2135 - 2151

Published: Jan. 22, 2021

Can alterations in experience trigger different plastic modifications neuronal structure and function, if so, how do they integrate at the cellular level? To address this question, we interrogated circuitry mouse olfactory bulb responsible for earliest steps odor processing. We induced experience-dependent plasticity mice of either sex by blocking one nostril day, a minimally invasive manipulation that leaves sensory organ undamaged is akin to natural transient blockage suffered during common mild rhinal infections. found such brief deprivation produced structural functional highly specialized bulbar cell type: axon-bearing dopaminergic neurons glomerular layer. After 24 h naris occlusion, axon initial segment (AIS) became significantly shorter, modification was also associated with decrease intrinsic excitability. These effects were specific AIS-positive subpopulation because no excitability observed AIS-negative cells. Moreover, occlusion changes AIS excitatory neurons, mitral/tufted external tufted cells, nor did it alter their By targeting subpopulation, early networks might act fine-tune processing face continually fluctuating inputs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Sensory need be so can adapt incoming stimuli. see cells circuits change response challenges, blocked just naturally relevant occurs cold. induces forms axonal subtype: interneurons. In contrast, properties axon-lacking neighboring remained unchanged. Within same circuits, types therefore make distinct an ever-changing landscape.

Language: Английский

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Input dependent modulation of olfactory bulb activity by HDB GABAergic projections

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: July 1, 2020

Basal forebrain modulation of central circuits is associated with active sensation, attention, and learning. While cholinergic modulations have been studied extensively the effect non-cholinergic basal subpopulations on sensory processing remains largely unclear. Here, we directly compare optogenetic manipulation effects two major principal neuron activity in an early area, i.e. mitral/tufted cells (MTCs) olfactory bulb. In contrast to projections, which consistently increased MTC firing, activation GABAergic fibers from bulb leads differential effects: while spontaneous mainly inhibited, odor-evoked firing predominantly enhanced. Moreover, sniff-triggered averages revealed enhancement maximal sniff evoked amplitude inhibition rates outside phase. These findings demonstrate that neuromodulation affects a bimodal, sensory-input dependent way, suggesting could be important factor attention mediated filtering information brain.

Language: Английский

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Immature olfactory sensory neurons provide behaviourally relevant sensory input to the olfactory bulb

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 19, 2022

Abstract Postnatal neurogenesis provides an opportunity to understand how newborn neurons integrate into circuits restore function. Newborn olfactory sensory (OSNs) wire highly organized bulb (OB) throughout life, enabling lifelong plasticity and regeneration. Immature OSNs form functional synapses capable of evoking firing in OB projection but what contribution, if any, they make odor processing is unknown. Here, we show that immature provide input the mouse OB, where monosynaptic connections with excitatory neurons. Importantly, respond as selectively odorants mature exhibit graded responses across a wider range odorant concentrations than OSNs, suggesting distinct streams. Furthermore, mice can successfully perform detection discrimination tasks using from alone. Together, our findings suggest play previously unappreciated role olfactory-guided behavior.

Language: Английский

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Long-Range GABAergic Inhibition Modulates Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the Output Neurons in the Olfactory Bulb

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(16), P. 3610 - 3621

Published: March 9, 2021

Local interneurons of the olfactory bulb (OB) are densely innervated by long-range GABAergic neurons from basal forebrain (BF), suggesting that this top-down inhibition regulates early processing in system. However, how inputs modulate OB output neurons, mitral/tufted cells, is unknown. Here, male and female mice acute brain slices, we show optogenetic activation BF produced distinct local circuit effects can influence activity cells spatiotemporal domains. Activation axons a fast disinhibition consistent with rapid synchronous release GABA onto glomerular inframitral circuits OB, which also reduced spike precision response to simulated stimuli. In addition, modulated oscillations layer-specific manner. The intensity locally evoked θ was decreased on circuit, while γ were granule cells. Furthermore, input dendrodendritic Together, these results suggest well suited temporal spatial aspects circuits. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Disruption (BF) impairs discrimination similar odors, yet centrifugal influences neuronal remains unclear. exclusively target inhibitory having functional disinhibitory effect mitral Phasic reduces lowers oscillatory directly modulating extent inhibition. These circuit-level dynamics odor coding OB.

Language: Английский

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GABAergic Input From the Basal Forebrain Promotes the Survival of Adult-Born Neurons in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 23, 2020

A unique feature of the olfactory system is continuous generation and integration new neurons into adulthood. Adult-born neuron survival dependent on activity sensory experience, which largely mediated by early synaptic inputs that adult-born receive upon entering bulb (OB). As in postnatal development, first onto are GABAergic. However, specific sources GABA influence development poorly-understood. Here we use retrograde anterograde viral tracing to reveal robust GABAergic projections from basal forebrain horizontal limb diagonal band Broca (HDB) granule cell layer (GCL) glomerular (GL) mouse OB. Whole-cell electrophysiological recordings indicate these target interneurons GCL GL, including cells (abGCs). Recordings birth-dated abGCs a developmental time course HDB input emerges as enter OB strengthens throughout critical period abGC development. Finally, show removing signaling results decreased survival. Together data synapse immature promote their through period, thus representing source long-range modulating plasticity adult

Language: Английский

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Target-specific control of olfactory bulb periglomerular cells by GABAergic and cholinergic basal forebrain inputs

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

The olfactory bulb (OB), the first relay for odor processing in brain, receives dense GABAergic and cholinergic long-range projections from basal forebrain (BF) nuclei that provide information about internal state behavioral context of animal. However, targets, impact, dynamic these afferents are still unclear. How BF synaptic inputs modulate activity diverse subtypes periglomerular (PG) interneurons using optogenetic stimulation loose cell-attached or whole-cell patch-clamp recording OB slices adult mice were studied this article. potently blocked PG cells firing except a minority calretinin-expressing which GABA release elicited spiking. Parallel excited previously overlooked cell subtype via activation M1 muscarinic receptors. Low-frequency axons drove persistent cells, thereby increasing tonic inhibition principal neurons. Taken together, findings suggest modality-specific can orchestrate glomeruli multiple, potentially independent, inhibitory excitatory target-specific pathways.

Language: Английский

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Somatostatin Serves a Modulatory Role in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb: Neuroanatomical and Behavioral Evidence

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 9, 2019

Somatostatin (SOM) and somatostatin receptors (SSTR1 - 4) are present in all olfactory structures, including the bulb, where SOM modulates physiological gamma rhythms discrimination responses. In this work, histological, viral tracing transgenic approaches were used to characterize cellular targets murine bulb. We demonstrate that levels of mitral dendritic processes bulb with receptor 2 (SSTR2) detected dendrites previously uncharacterized mitral-like cells. show inhibitory interneurons glomerular layer express SSTR4 while SSTR3 is confined granule cell layer. Furthermore, cells OB receive synaptic inputs from cortical afferents. Behavioral studies genetic deletion SSTR4, SSTR2 or differentially affects performance. have no major effect on behavioral performances impacts detection behaviors. Altogether, these results describe novel anatomical contributions somatostatin, processing.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic Cholinergic Tone in the Basal Forebrain Reflects Reward-Seeking and Reinforcement During Olfactory Behavior

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 2, 2021

Sensory perception underlies how we internalize and interact with the external world. In order to adapt changing circumstances interpret signals in a variety of contexts, sensation needs be reliable, but sensory input flexible. An important mediator this flexibility is top-down regulation from cholinergic basal forebrain. Basal forebrain projection neurons serve as pacemakers gatekeepers for downstream neural networks, modulating circuit activity across diverse neuronal populations. This control necessary cue detection, learning, memory, disproportionately disrupted neurodegenerative diseases associated cognitive decline. Intriguingly, signaling acts locally within sculpt output neurons. To determine local impacts pathways that participate regulation, sought define dynamics during motivated behavior learning. Toward this, utilized fiber photometry genetically encoded acetylcholine indicator GAChR2.0 temporal patterns olfactory-guided, behaviors We show reliably increased reward seeking behaviors, was strongly suppressed by delivery go/no-go olfactory-cued discrimination task. The observed transient reduction tone mirrored suppression GABAergic activity. Together, these findings suggest changes rapidly reflect reward-seeking positive reinforcement may impact circuitry modulates olfaction.

Language: Английский

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