Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Key Molecule for Memory in the Healthy and the Pathological Brain

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 7, 2019

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a key molecule involved in plastic changes related to learning and memory. The expression of BDNF highly regulated, can lead great variability levels healthy subjects. Changes are associated with both normal pathological aging also psychiatric disease, particular structures important for memory processes such as the hippocampus parahippocampal areas. Some interventions like exercise or antidepressant administration enhance conditions. In this review, we will describe studies from rodents humans bring together research on how brain exciting work known neurotrophin could have clinical relevance. We propose that, although may not be valid biomarker neurodegenerative/neuropsychiatric diseases because its disregulation common many conditions, it thought marker that specifically relates occurrence and/or progression mnemonic symptoms

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of ketamine action as an antidepressant

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 801 - 811

Published: March 13, 2018

Language: Английский

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Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 23(11), P. 3170 - 3182

Published: June 1, 2018

Atrophy of neurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a key role pathophysiology depression and related disorders. The ability to promote both structural functional plasticity PFC has been hypothesized underlie fast-acting antidepressant properties dissociative anesthetic ketamine. Here, we report that, like ketamine, serotonergic psychedelics are capable robustly increasing neuritogenesis and/or spinogenesis vitro vivo. These changes neuronal structure accompanied by increased synapse number function, as measured fluorescence microscopy electrophysiology. induced appear result from stimulation TrkB, mTOR, 5-HT2A signaling pathways could possibly explain clinical effectiveness these compounds. Our results underscore therapeutic potential and, importantly, identify several lead scaffolds for medicinal chemistry efforts focused on developing plasticity-promoting compounds safe, effective, treatments

Language: Английский

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BDNF – a key transducer of antidepressant effects

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 102, P. 72 - 79

Published: Nov. 11, 2015

Language: Английский

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GDNF, NGF and BDNF as therapeutic options for neurodegeneration

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 138(2), P. 155 - 175

Published: Jan. 21, 2013

Language: Английский

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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Brain Disorders: Focus on Neuroinflammation

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 56(5), P. 3295 - 3312

Published: Aug. 17, 2018

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the most studied neurotrophins in healthy and diseased brain. As a result, there large body evidence that associates BDNF with neuronal maintenance, survival, plasticity, neurotransmitter regulation. Patients psychiatric neurodegenerative disorders often have reduced concentrations their blood A current hypothesis suggests these abnormal levels might be due to chronic inflammatory state brain certain disorders, as neuroinflammation known affect several BDNF-related signaling pathways. Activation glia cells can induce an increase pro- antiinflammatory cytokines reactive oxygen species, which lead modulation function neurotoxicity observed pathologies. Understanding how involved brain, especially disease onset progression, crucial for development new strategies treatment. Despite increasing involvement scarce addresses interaction between neurotrophin diseases. This review focuses on effect acute inflammation common aims shed some light possible biological mechanisms may influence this effect. In addition, will address behavior pharmacological interventions disorders.

Language: Английский

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Exercise promotes the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through the action of the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate

eLife, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: June 2, 2016

Exercise induces beneficial responses in the brain, which is accompanied by an increase BDNF, a trophic factor associated with cognitive improvement and alleviation of depression anxiety. However, exact mechanisms whereby physical exercise produces induction brain Bdnf gene expression are not well understood. While pharmacological doses HDAC inhibitors exert positive effects on transcription, represent small molecules that do occur vivo. Here, we report endogenous molecule released after capable inducing key promoters Mus musculus gene. The metabolite β-hydroxybutyrate, increases prolonged exercise, activities promoters, particularly promoter I, activity-dependent. We have discovered action β-hydroxybutyrate specifically upon HDAC2 HDAC3, act selective promoters. Moreover, hippocampal were observed direct ventricular application β-hydroxybutyrate. Electrophysiological measurements indicate causes neurotransmitter release, dependent TrkB receptor. These results reveal mechanism to explain how leads BDNF.

Language: Английский

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Understanding resilience

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2013

Resilience is the ability to adapt successfully in face of stress and adversity. Stressful life events, trauma, chronic adversity can have a substantial impact on brain function structure, result development posttraumatic disorder (PTSD), depression other psychiatric disorders. However, most individuals do not develop such illnesses after experiencing stressful are thus thought be resilient. as successful adaptation relies effective responses environmental challenges ultimate resistance deleterious effects stress, therefore greater understanding factors that promote great relevance. This review focuses recent findings regarding genetic, epigenetic, developmental, psychosocial, neurochemical considered essential contributors resilience. Neural circuits pathways involved mediating resilience also discussed. The growing will hopefully lead new pharmacological psychological interventions for enhancing mitigating untoward consequences.

Language: Английский

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The organization of the stress system and its dysregulation in depressive illness

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 32 - 47

Published: Dec. 9, 2014

Language: Английский

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Growing up in a Bubble: Using Germ-Free Animals to Assess the Influence of the Gut Microbiota on Brain and Behavior

The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 19(8), P. pyw020 - pyw020

Published: Feb. 23, 2016

There is a growing recognition of the importance commensal intestinal microbiota in development and later function central nervous system. Research using germ-free mice (mice raised without any exposure to microorganisms) has provided some most persuasive evidence for role these bacteria gut-brain signalling. Key findings show that necessary normal stress responsivity, anxiety-like behaviors, sociability, cognition. Furthermore, maintains system homeostasis by regulating immune blood brain barrier integrity. Studies have also found gut influences neurotransmitter, synaptic, neurotrophic signalling systems neurogenesis. The principle advantage mouse model proof-of-principle studies complete or defined consortiums can be introduced at various developmental time points. However, upbringing induce permanent neurodevelopmental deficits may deem unsuitable specific scientific queries do not involve early-life microbial deficiency. As such, alternatives complementary strategies are warranted include antibiotic treatment create microbiota-deficient animals distinct points across lifespan. Increasing our understanding impact on behavior potential inform novel management stress-related gastrointestinal neuropsychiatric disorders.

Language: Английский

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