Brain Plasticity,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
2(2), P. 127 - 152
Published: Feb. 14, 2017
A
significant
body
of
work
has
investigated
the
effects
acute
exercise,
defined
as
a
single
bout
physical
activity,
on
mood
and
cognitive
functions
in
humans.
Several
excellent
recent
reviews
have
summarized
these
findings;
however,
neurobiological
basis
results
received
less
attention.
In
this
review,
we
will
first
briefly
summarize
behavioral
changes
that
occur
with
exercise
We
then
review
from
both
human
animal
model
studies
documenting
wide
range
neurophysiological
neurochemical
alterations
after
exercise.
Finally,
discuss
strengths,
weaknesses,
missing
elements
current
literature,
well
offer
an
standardization
protocol
provide
possible
goals
for
future
research.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(20), P. 7777 - 7777
Published: Oct. 21, 2020
Brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF)
is
one
of
the
most
distributed
and
extensively
studied
neurotrophins
in
mammalian
brain.
BDNF
signals
through
tropomycin
receptor
kinase
B
(TrkB)
low
affinity
p75
neurotrophin
(p75NTR).
plays
an
important
role
proper
growth,
development,
plasticity
glutamatergic
GABAergic
synapses
modulation
neuronal
differentiation,
it
influences
serotonergic
dopaminergic
neurotransmission.
acts
as
paracrine
autocrine
factor,
on
both
pre-synaptic
post-synaptic
target
sites.
It
crucial
transformation
synaptic
activity
into
long-term
memories.
considered
instructive
mediator
functional
structural
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
influencing
dendritic
spines
and,
at
least
hippocampus,
adult
neurogenesis.
Changes
rate
neurogenesis
spine
density
can
influence
several
forms
learning
memory
contribute
to
depression-like
behaviors.
The
possible
roles
highlighted
this
review
focus
effect
antidepressant
therapies
BDNF-mediated
plasticity.
Moreover,
we
will
data
that
illustrate
a
potent
protective
able
confer
protection
against
neurodegeneration,
particular
Alzheimer’s
disease.
Finally,
give
evidence
how
involvement
pathogenesis
brain
glioblastoma
has
emerged,
thus
opening
new
avenues
for
treatment
deadly
cancer.
Annual Review of Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
37(1), P. 51 - 76
Published: Aug. 21, 2017
Various
mechanisms
in
the
mammalian
body
provide
resilience
against
food
deprivation
and
dietary
stress.
The
ketone
β-hydroxybutyrate
(BHB)
is
synthesized
liver
from
fatty
acids
represents
an
essential
carrier
of
energy
to
peripheral
tissues
when
supply
glucose
too
low
for
body's
energetic
needs,
such
as
during
periods
prolonged
exercise,
starvation,
or
absence
carbohydrates.
In
addition
its
activity
metabolite,
BHB
increasingly
understood
have
cellular
signaling
functions.
These
functions
broadly
link
outside
environment
epigenetic
gene
regulation
function,
their
actions
may
be
relevant
a
variety
human
diseases
well
aging.
Journal of Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1661 - 18
Published: Jan. 28, 2019
Exercise
promotes
learning
and
memory
formation.
These
effects
depend
on
increases
in
hippocampal
BDNF,
a
growth
factor
associated
with
cognitive
improvement
the
alleviation
of
depression
symptoms.
Identifying
molecules
that
are
produced
during
exercise
mediate
Bdnf
expression
will
allow
us
to
harness
therapeutic
potential
exercise.
Here,
we
report
an
endogenous
molecule
male
mice
induces
Mus
musculus
Bdnf
gene
The
metabolite
lactate,
which
is
released
by
muscles,
crosses
blood–brain
barrier
TRKB
signaling
hippocampus.
Indeed,
find
lactate-dependent
BDNF
improved
spatial
retention.
action
lactate
dependent
activation
Sirtuin1
deacetylase.
SIRT1
levels
transcriptional
coactivator
PGC1a
secreted
FNDC5,
known
expression.
results
reveal
mechanism
explain
how
physical
leads
induction
identify
as
may
have
value
for
CNS
diseases
disrupted.
SIGNIFICANCE
STATEMENT
It
established
formation
alleviates
symptoms
depression.
mediated
through
inducing
Understanding
identifying
this
design
strategies
can
mimic
brain,
especially
patients
disorders
characterized
decrease
who
cannot
because
their
conditions.
We
exercise,
BDNF-dependent
manner.
Our
work
identifies
component
“exercise
pill.”
